Phylogeny and photosynthetic features of Thiobacillus acidophilus and related acidophilic bacteria: its transfer to the genus Acidiphilium as Acidiphilium acidophilum comb. nov.

Hiraishi, Akira; Nagashima, Kenji V. P.; Matsuura, Kiyotaka; Shimada, Keizo; Takaichi, Shinichi; Wakao, Norio; Katayama, Yoko

doi:10.1099/00207713-48-4-1389

Cited by 107 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…Extraction of Bchl a was attempted with acetone (Takaichi et al, 1991), acetone/methanol (1 : 1, v/v) (Lafay et al, 1995) and acetone/methanol (7 : 2, v/v) (Hiraishi et al, 1998). However, cells were not disrupted in any of these solvents, and extraction of Bchl a was not possible.…”

Section: Cells Of Strain Ga2-m15mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thalassobacter arenae sp. nov., isolated from sea sand in Korea

Kim

Weon

Son

et al. 2009

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLO

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A Gram-negative, short rod-shaped bacterium, strain GA2-M15 T , was isolated from a sea-sand sample at Homi Cape, Pohang city, Republic of Korea. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis demonstrated that this isolate was unique, showing 95.9 % sequence similarity to the type strain of Thalassobacter stenotrophicus and similarities of 94.0-95.2 % to the type strains of species of the genera Octadecabacter (94.4-95.2 %), Jannaschia (94.0-94.4 %) and Thalassobius (94.0-94.7 %). Chemotaxonomic characteristics (diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine as the major polar lipids and C 18 : 1 v7c as the predominant fatty acid) and DNA G+C content (56 mol%) were also similar to those of Thalassobacter stenotrophicus. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, physiological properties and some fatty acid components showed that strain GA2-M15T could be differentiated fromThalassobacter stenotrophicus. On the basis of these results, strain GA2-M15 T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Thalassobacter, for which the name Thalassobacter arenae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is GA2-M15 T (5KACC 12675The genus Thalassobacter was described to accommodate a single bacterial strain isolated from Mediterranean seawater (Macián et al., 2005). A subsequent polyphasic taxonomic approach revealed that the type strains of Jannaschia cystaugens (Adachi et al., 2004) and Thalassobacter stenotrophicus (Macián et al., 2005) were highly similar and should be considered to be members of the same species. Pujalte et al. (2005) thus proposed the unification of the two species as Thalassobacter stenotrophicus and provided an emended description of the genus Thalassobacter. Phylogenetically, this genus is a member of the Alphaproteobacteria, and is closely related to the genera Jannaschia, Octadecabacter and Thalassobius. Thalassobacter was characterized as comprising Gramnegative, strictly aerobic, chemo-organotrophic, slightly halophilic bacteria, with C 18 : 1 v7c as the major fatty acid and phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine as the major polar lipids.Strain GA2-M15 T was isolated from a sea-sand sample collected from the coast of Homi Cape, Pohang city, Republic of Korea. Isolation of the strain was performed by using the standard dilution-plating method on marine agar 2216 (MA; Difco) kept at 30 u C for 10 days. The culture was maintained routinely on MA at 30 uC and was preserved as glycerol suspensions (15 %, v/v) at 280 u C. Strain GA2-M15 T grew weakly on nutrient agar (NA), but did not grow on R2A, trypticase soy agar (TSA) or MacConkey agar (all from Difco). Thalassobacter stenotrophicus DSM 16310 T was obtained from the Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen (DSMZ), Braunschweig, Germany, and was used as a reference strain.The methods described by Smibert & Krieg (1994) were used for Gram staining and to detect accumulation of polyhydroxybutyrate, the presence of catalase and oxidase, and hydrolysis of casein, DNA and sta...

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Section: Cells Of Strain Ga2-m15mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thalassobacter arenae sp. nov., isolated from sea sand in Korea

Kim

Weon

Son

et al. 2009

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLO

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“…The genus predominantly comprises aerobic, chemolithoautotrophic as well as facultatively chemoorganotrophic bacteria. Recent studies using 16S rRNA sequences resulted in a renaming of facultatively chemoorganotrophic species [10,11,12]. The sulphur metabolism of the members of the genus Thiobacillus has until now been extensively studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tetrathionate Disproportionation by Thiomonas intermedia K12

Wentzien

Sand²

2004

Engineering in Life Sciences

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Thiomonas intermedia K12, a moderately acidophilic bacterium, which oxidises sulphur compounds, ± exhibited the capability to use tetrathionate under oxic and anoxic conditions. Whereas under oxic conditions, the reduced sulphur tetrathionate compound was oxidised, under anoxic conditions, the organism disproportionated the compound. In both cases, trithionate and sulphate were produced but in different amounts. The results of the tetrathionate degradation experiments under oxic conditions pointed towards a cyclic degradation process with a transient formation of trithionate and sulphate as the final products, similar to the mechanism described for acidophilic sulphur compound oxidising bacteria. The results of the tetrathionate degradation experiments under anoxic conditions hinted to a partial reduction of tetrathionate to thiosulphate and a fractional oxidation to trithionate and sulphate. 4 M tetrathionate were converted to 6 M thiosulphate, 1 M trithionate, 1 M sulphate, and 8 M protons. The DG 0 ' of this reaction was found to be ±16.1 kJ per mol tetrathionate degraded. Additionally, Thiomonas intermedia K12 grew under anoxic conditions with tetrathionate as the sole energy source. The cell numbers increased from 10 5 as the start value to 10 7 /mL at the end. Organic compounds, excluding traces of yeast extract, did not enhance growth. Therefore, it is proposed that tetrathionate disproportionation is a novel lithotrophic metabolism, which allowed Thiomonas intermedia K12 to survive changing conditions of oxygen supply in sulphur-compound-rich environments and even to grow during this reaction. The extensive sulphur compound analysis was carried out by ion-pair chromatography.

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“…Recently, novel sulfur-oxidizing bacteria belonging to the ␥ and ε subclasses of the Proteobacteria have been discovered and isolated from various habitats, e.g., marine mud (7,8), oil field waters (12,23), and a hydrothermal vent system (36). Moreover, sulfur-oxidizing bacteria originally classified as Thiobacillus species were reclassified into the ␣, ␤, and ␥ subclasses of the Proteobacteria based on their phylogenetic relatedness and their physiological similarities (14,19,21,22,29). These reports clearly indicate that the phylogenetic and physiological diversity of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria is greater than has been expected.…”

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confidence: 99%

Isolation, Characterization, and In Situ Detection of a Novel Chemolithoautotrophic Sulfur-Oxidizing Bacterium in Wastewater Biofilms Growing under Microaerophilic Conditions

Ito

Sugita

Okabe

2004

Appl Environ Microbiol

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We successfully isolated a novel aerobic chemolithotrophic sulfur-oxidizing bacterium, designated strain SO07, from wastewater biofilms growing under microaerophilic conditions. For isolation, the use of elemental sulfur (S 0 ), which is the most abundant sulfur pool in the wastewater biofilms, as the electron donor was an effective measure to establish an enrichment culture of strain SO07 and further isolation. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that newly isolated strain SO07 was affiliated with members of the genus Halothiobacillus, but it was only distantly related to previously isolated species (89% identity). Strain SO07 oxidized elemental sulfur, thiosulfate, and sulfide to sulfate under oxic conditions. Strain SO07 could not grow on nitrate. Organic carbons, including acetate, propionate, and formate, could not serve as carbon and energy sources. Unlike other aerobic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, this bacterium was sensitive to NaCl; growth in medium containing more than 150 mM was negligible. In situ hybridization combined with confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed that a number of rod-shaped cells hybridized with a probe specific for strain SO07 were mainly present in the oxic biofilm strata (ca. 0 to 100 m) and that they often coexisted with sulfate-reducing bacteria in this zone. These results demonstrated that strain SO07 was one of the important sulfur-oxidizing populations involved in the sulfur cycle occurring in the wastewater biofilm and was primarily responsible for the oxidation of H 2 S and S 0 to SO 4 2؊ under oxic conditions.The sulfur cycle, driven by sulfate reduction and sulfide oxidation, is an important cycle of minerals in various sulfurand sulfide-rich environments (e.g., hot spring microbial mats, lake sediments, marine sediments, and wastewater biofilms), and it is closely linked with other cycles (e.g., carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen). For instance, up to 50% of organic matter can be mineralized by sulfate reduction in marine sediments (18). Successional development of sulfate reduction and subsequent sulfide oxidation were precisely determined within wastewater biofilms with a typical thickness of approximately 1,000 m, which accounted for a substantial part of oxygen consumption and mineralization of organic matter (25, 33).The sulfur cycle in wastewater biofilms is mainly driven by the close association of sulfate-reducing bacteria and sulfuroxidizing bacteria, both of which comprise phylogenetically diverse groups of microorganisms adapted to wastewater conditions, e.g., neutral pH and low dissolved oxygen concentrations. The diversity and in situ ecophysiology of sulfate-reducing bacteria in the wastewater biofilms have been intensively investigated by a 16S rRNA gene approach and microelectrodes (16,17,32,33,35), while the diversity and ecological importance of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria involved in the sulfur cycle are still largely unknown. Recently, novel sulfur-oxidizing bacteria belonging to the ␥ and ε subclasses of the Proteobacteria have been discovered and is...

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Phylogeny and photosynthetic features of Thiobacillus acidophilus and related acidophilic bacteria: its transfer to the genus Acidiphilium as Acidiphilium acidophilum comb. nov.

Cited by 107 publications

References 38 publications

Thalassobacter arenae sp. nov., isolated from sea sand in Korea

Thalassobacter arenae sp. nov., isolated from sea sand in Korea

Tetrathionate Disproportionation by Thiomonas intermedia K12

Isolation, Characterization, and In Situ Detection of a Novel Chemolithoautotrophic Sulfur-Oxidizing Bacterium in Wastewater Biofilms Growing under Microaerophilic Conditions

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