Phylogeny and Character Evolution in the New Zealand Endemic Genus <i>Plagianthus</i> (Malveae, Malvaceae)

Wagstaff, Steven J.; Tate, Jennifer A.

doi:10.1600/036364411x569589

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Wagstaff & Tate () calibrated the time‐course of evolution in Australasian Malvaceae by assuming that clades in eastern and western Australia diverged in the Miocene, and that endemic forms on the Chatham Islands could be no older than proposed ages for the modern islands (1–3 Ma). Both of these assumptions can be questioned (Heads, ).…”

Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bayesian transmogrification of clade divergence dates: a critique

Heads

2012

Journal of Biogeography

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The crucial step in Bayesian dating of phylogenies is the selection of prior probability curves for clade ages. In studies on regions derived from Gondwana, many authors have used steep priors, stipulating that clades can only be a little older than their oldest known fossil. These studies have ruled out vicariance associated with Gondwana breakup, but only because of the particular priors that were adopted. The use of non-flat priors for fossil-based ages is not justified and is unnecessary. Tectonic calibrations can be integrated with fossil calibrations that are used to give minimum clade ages only.

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Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both of these assumptions can be questioned (Heads, ). For their third calibration point Wagstaff & Tate () used the oldest known fossils of the tribe Malveae in Australasia and South America, dated as Eocene. They transmogrified this date into an estimate of most likely maximum clade age, specifying an exponential prior.…”

Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bayesian transmogrification of clade divergence dates: a critique

Heads

2012

Journal of Biogeography

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Evidence-based review of the taxonomic status of New Zealand's endemic seed plant genera

Garnock‐Jones

2014

New Zealand Journal of Botany

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The nature, value and relative importance of different lines of evidence for deciding the circumscription and rank of genera are examined and discussed. First, I argue that the circumscriptions of genera (and higher taxa) should always be monophyletic, preferably with strong support from independent evidence. Second, the rank of genus is decided on more subjective grounds, but several criteria are helpful: phylogeny should be recoverable from the classification hierarchy, genera should be distinctive, ranks should not be redundant and familiar names should be retained if other criteria are met. I then apply these criteria to an evaluation of the circumscription and rank of 59 New Zealand endemic genera of seed plants accepted in two recent checklists. Fifteen genera (25.4%) were rejected and 16 (27.1%) are considered equivocal. However, my lower estimate almost certainly underestimates endemism at genus rank because the circumscriptions of several genera not evaluated here, such as Pachycladon, could change in the future to become endemic. One new combination is made: Sonchus novae-zelandiae (Hook.f.) Garn.-Jones, although work in progress by others is likely to lead to several more.

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Precipitation alters the strength of evolutionary priority effects in forest community assembly of pteridophytes and angiosperms

et al. 2016

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Summary The ecological conditions promoting evolutionary priority effects, where the order and timing of ancestral species arrival into a new habitat influences extant community assembly, are poorly understood. Studies in the New Zealand alpine indicated that early‐arriving angiosperm lineages dominated communities via niche pre‐emption. Forests have a much longer (>60 myr) evolutionary history in New Zealand than alpine communities (<2 myr) and greater structural complexity. Here we ask whether community effects of arrival order persist in cool temperate forest communities in southern New Zealand that have assembled throughout the Cenozoic. Combining phylogenetically derived clade ages and forest vegetation data from across a mountain range, we compare effects of clade age on relative richness and abundance of two taxonomic groups (pteridophytes and angiosperms) along precipitation gradients. We show that older clades of both groups tended to have greater relative abundance and older angiosperm clades had greater relative richness. Relative richness and abundance also increased with regional clade diversity, independent of clade age. The strength of the clade age effect on community dominance changed differently along precipitation gradients depending on the response and taxonomic group. Clade age had a stronger effect on relative abundance of pteridophytes with increasing elevation and westerliness (i.e. as precipitation increased). In contrast, the effect of clade age on relative abundance of angiosperms decreased with westerliness. Precipitation did not alter the clade age effect on relative richness. Synthesis. We show that evolutionary priority effects persist in communities with a longer evolutionary history than has been investigated to date and across physiologically contrasting taxonomic groups, suggesting priority effects are general drivers of community assembly over macro‐evolutionary time‐scales. Furthermore, the strength of evolutionary priority effects attenuated along a gradient of decreasing resources, at least for pteridophytes, which improves our ability to predict conditions in which the arrival order of lineages influences community assembly.

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Phylogeny and Character Evolution in the New Zealand Endemic Genus Plagianthus (Malveae, Malvaceae)

Cited by 4 publications

References 60 publications

Bayesian transmogrification of clade divergence dates: a critique

Bayesian transmogrification of clade divergence dates: a critique

Evidence-based review of the taxonomic status of New Zealand's endemic seed plant genera

Precipitation alters the strength of evolutionary priority effects in forest community assembly of pteridophytes and angiosperms

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