Phylogenetics and systematics

Vandamme, Peter; Bruyne, Katrien De; Pot, Bruno

doi:10.1002/9781118655252.ch3

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…LAB are part of the main group of microorganisms that act in the silage fermentation process. LAB include bacteria from a number of genera, such as Enterococcus, Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Leuconostoc, Pediococcus, Weissela and Streptococcus (Vandamme et al 2014). Of these, Pediococcus, Lactococcus, Enterococcus and Weissela are important in the initial stage of fermentation because they ensure the environment remains acidic, which becomes predominantly colonised by the Lactobacillus genus (Lin et al 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactic acid bacteria diversity in corn silage produced in Minas Gerais (Brazil)

et al. 2019

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Purpose The diversity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in silages produced in warm climate countries is not well known. This study aimed to identify and characterise the metabolic and genotypic aspects of autochthonous LAB isolated from corn silage produced in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods Eighty-eight LAB were isolated. To evaluate their performance at the strain level, all isolates were distinguished among strains using random amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) and repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR (REP-PCR) techniques. The organic acid and ethanol production were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Result The fingerprints obtained by RAPD-PCR with a M13 primer were more discriminatory than those obtained with the REP-PCR technique using a (GACA)4 primer. Moreover, 28 representative isolates were identified as Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. buchneri, L. casei, L. diolivorans, L. hilgardii, L. paracasei, L. parafarraginis, L. plantarum, L. rhamnosus, L. zeae and Pediococcus acidilactici. Different fingerprinting profiles between isolates within the same species were observed. However, some strains isolated from different silages showed the same band profile, thus suggesting the presence of clusters with high similar fingerprints in silages from various regions. Conclusion A variation in LAB diversity was observed in the silages of the evaluated regions, with L. rhamnosus and L. buchneri showing the highest distribution. Differences in organic acid production were observed among the strains belonging to the same species. This research contributes to a better understanding of the LAB community present in corn silage produced in warm climates. These strains will be studied as potential silage starters.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactic acid bacteria diversity in corn silage produced in Minas Gerais (Brazil)

et al. 2019

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“…For example, bifidobacteria or certain Bacillus species, which exhibit some characteristics in common with LAB, are no longer included in this group sensu stricto. According to the latest review about LAB taxonomy, the order Lactobacillales consists of six families with 38 genera and more than 400 species (7).…”

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confidence: 99%

Stress Physiology of Lactic Acid Bacteria

Papadimitriou

Alegría

Bron

et al. 2016

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

515

404

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SUMMARYLactic acid bacteria (LAB) are important starter, commensal, or pathogenic microorganisms. The stress physiology of LAB has been studied in depth for over 2 decades, fueled mostly by the technological implications of LAB robustness in the food industry. Survival of probiotic LAB in the host and the potential relatedness of LAB virulence to their stress resilience have intensified interest in the field. Thus, a wealth of information concerning stress responses exists today for strains as diverse as starter (e.g.,Lactococcus lactis), probiotic (e.g., severalLactobacillusspp.), and pathogenic (e.g.,EnterococcusandStreptococcusspp.) LAB. Here we present the state of the art for LAB stress behavior. We describe the multitude of stresses that LAB are confronted with, and we present the experimental context used to study the stress responses of LAB, focusing on adaptation, habituation, and cross-protection as well as on self-induced multistress resistance in stationary phase, biofilms, and dormancy. We also consider stress responses at the population and single-cell levels. Subsequently, we concentrate on the stress defense mechanisms that have been reported to date, grouping them according to their direct participation in preserving cell energy, defending macromolecules, and protecting the cell envelope. Stress-induced responses of probiotic LAB and commensal/pathogenic LAB are highlighted separately due to the complexity of the peculiar multistress conditions to which these bacteria are subjected in their hosts. Induction of prophages under environmental stresses is then discussed. Finally, we present systems-based strategies to characterize the “stressome” of LAB and to engineer new food-related and probiotic LAB with improved stress tolerance.

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“…Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are a diverse group of low G + C Gram-positive bacteria encompassing members of the families Aerococcaceae , Carnobacteriaceae , Enterococcaceae , Lactobacillaceae , Leuconostocaceae and Streptococcaceae (Vandamme, De Bruyne and Pot 2014 ). Phenotypically, LAB are non-sporulating, relatively aerotolerant, acidophilic anaerobes which are mainly unified by the production of, mainly, lactic acid from carbohydrate fermentation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell wall homeostasis in lactic acid bacteria: threats and defences

Martínez

Rodrı́guez

Kulakauskas

et al. 2020

FEMS Microbiology Reviews

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Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) encompasses industrially relevant bacteria involved in food fermentations as well as health-promoting members of our autochthonous microbiota. In the last years, we have witnessed major progresses in the knowledge of the biology of their cell wall, the outermost macrostructure of a Gram-positive cell, which is crucial for survival. Sophisticated biochemical analyses combined with mutation strategies have been applied to unravel biosynthetic routes that sustain the inter- and intra-species cell wall diversity within LAB. Interplay with global cell metabolism has been deciphered that improved our fundamental understanding of the plasticity of the cell wall during growth. The cell wall is also decisive for the antimicrobial activity of many bacteriocins, for bacteriophage infection and for the interactions with the external environment. Therefore, genetic circuits involved in monitoring cell wall damage have been described in LAB, together with a plethora of defence mechanisms that help them to cope with external threats and adapt to harsh conditions. Since the cell wall plays a pivotal role in several technological and health-promoting traits of LAB, we anticipate that this knowledge will pave the way for the future development and extended applications of LAB.

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Phylogenetics and systematics

Cited by 13 publications

References 100 publications

Lactic acid bacteria diversity in corn silage produced in Minas Gerais (Brazil)

Lactic acid bacteria diversity in corn silage produced in Minas Gerais (Brazil)

Stress Physiology of Lactic Acid Bacteria

Cell wall homeostasis in lactic acid bacteria: threats and defences

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