Phylogenetic Relationships within the Class Anthozoa (Phylum Cnidaria) Based on Nuclear 18S rDNA Sequences

Berntson, Ewann A.; Mullineaux, Lauren S.

doi:10.1006/mpev.1999.0649

Cited by 97 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Based on 18S rDNA sequences and neighbour-joining analyses, Berntson et al (1999) found that D. antarcticus, the only ptychodactiarian they considered, lies within Actiniaria. We found the same thing in a parsimony analysis of sequence data from 28S rDNA obtained in our laboratory by T.R.…”

Section: Systematicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

All three species of Ptychodactiaria belong to order Actiniaria (Cnidaria: Anthozoa)

Cappola

Fautin

2000

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

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Ptychodactiaria, currently recognized as an order equivalent to Actiniaria (sea anemones sensu stricto) and Scleractinia (`true' or hard corals) of cnidarian class Anthozoa, contains three monotypic genera, Dactylanthus, Ptychodactis, and Preactis, in two families, Ptychodactiidae and Preactiidae. Features that had been considered distinctive to the order among hexacorallian anthozoans were that gametes mature in protrusions from the mesenteries, as in octocorallian anthozoans, and that gametes do not mature embedded in mesogloea. However, we found that ptychodactiarian gametes develop in the mesenteries, surrounded by mesogloea, as in other sea anemones. We conclude that the three species constitute a clade, the most distinctive feature of which is medially fused mesenteries at the proximal end of the body. This clade merits subordinal status within order Actiniaria. We rede¢ne Ptychodactiaria and its component taxa, moving Dactylanthus from family Ptychodactiidae to family Preactiidae.

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Section: Systematicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

All three species of Ptychodactiaria belong to order Actiniaria (Cnidaria: Anthozoa)

Cappola

Fautin

2000

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

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“…Paragorgia sp. * represents a "control" gene from Berntson et al, (1999Berntson et al, ( , 2001; Beroe cucumis (GenBank Accession # D15068) represents an out-group used for tree formation. Deep cold-water samples are from Atlantic Canada unless otherwise mentioned.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Paragorgia sp. * represents "control" gene from Berntson et al, (1999Berntson et al, ( , 2001; outgroup used for tree construction was Beroe cucumis (D15068; Berntson et al, 2001). Symbols: Bahamas-1 = sample collected from Bermuda; Bahamas-2 = specific site of location unknown, but region is Bahamas; CA = Canadian Atlantic; CP = Canadian Pacific; G = the Gully; N = Northeast Channel; S = Stone Fence.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Molecular studies have addressed the phylogenetic relationships of the cold water ahermatypic corals using 18S rDNA (Berntson et al,1999(Berntson et al, , 2001, 16S rRNA and large subunit rRNA (Sanchez et al, 2003), mitochondrial loci (Wirshing et al, 2005), rDNA (Waller et al, 2007), and inter-transcribed spacer region (ITS), 28S rDNA, and COI (Herrera et al, 2010). Using nuclear markers, Berntson et al (1999Berntson et al ( , 2001 suggest that there are three major subclasses: (1) Octocorallia, (2) Hexacorallia, and (3) Ceriantipatharia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using nuclear markers, Berntson et al (1999Berntson et al ( , 2001 suggest that there are three major subclasses: (1) Octocorallia, (2) Hexacorallia, and (3) Ceriantipatharia. However, Bayer (1992) and Sanchez et al (2001Sanchez et al ( , 2003Sanchez et al ( , 2005 provide evidence that the Families Paragorgiidae and Coralliidae may not be monophyletic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogenetic Diversity of the Cold Water Octocoral Paragorgia arborea (Linnaeus, 1758) off the East Coast of Canada

Strychar¹,

Kenchington²,

Hamilton³

et al. 2010

IJB

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Commonly called "bubblegum coral', Paragorgia is a genus of cold-water gorgonian coral that has a broad global distribution and is eurybathic from depths of meters to kilometers. Such ecological breadth, however, may be confounded by the presence of cryptic species. In this study the genetic distances of various Paragorgia spp. across their distribution and depth range along the Canadian mid-Atlantic margin using 18S ribosomal DNA sequences were compared. Morphometric and 18S evidence show that although appearing closely related, only one species of cold-water Paragorgia, called P. arborea, predominates in this region. However, 18S evidence from corals collected at deep depths located at one site, called the Stone Fence, indicate that a significant amount of divergence exists and other species may also be present. Such new light provides a need for further genetic testing using alternative methods (e.g. microsatellites), which could reveal new lineages that may have considerable ecological and/or taxonomic importance.

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Deep‐Ocean Ecosystems

Canganella

Kato

2014

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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The term ‘deep ocean’ typically describes any marine ecosystem located at depths higher than 500 m. This environment is characterised by an elevated hydrostatic pressure, an average temperature of 2–4 °C, the absence of sunlight and the scarce availability of organic food. Specific organisms are associated with the deepest areas, and pressure‐adapted animals as well as microorganisms inhabit these peculiar ecosystems. It is difficult to understand how we do not know much about deep sea compared to space environment, despite the fact that its distance from the ocean surface is relatively short. With no doubt, the deep‐sea biodiversity is still mostly unseen and important benefits to human health and industrial activities will be available in the future from more extensive studies on this fascinating environment. Key Concepts: The deep sea is the world's largest ecosystem. The deep‐sea biodiversity is still mostly unseen. The less diversity of animals with increasing depths is mainly due to the hydrostatic pressure, as well as to a larger competition for food coupled with a lower basal metabolism. Further insights into the natural traits of deep‐sea will lead to important benefits to human health and industrial applications. Despite the fact that the distance of deep‐sea from the ocean surface is much shorter than that between Earth and space, the abyssal environment is far to be well known.

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Phylogenetic Relationships within the Class Anthozoa (Phylum Cnidaria) Based on Nuclear 18S rDNA Sequences

Cited by 97 publications

References 24 publications

All three species of Ptychodactiaria belong to order Actiniaria (Cnidaria: Anthozoa)

All three species of Ptychodactiaria belong to order Actiniaria (Cnidaria: Anthozoa)

Phylogenetic Diversity of the Cold Water Octocoral Paragorgia arborea (Linnaeus, 1758) off the East Coast of Canada

Deep‐Ocean Ecosystems

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