Phylogenetic relationships of the South American Doradoidea (Ostariophysi: Siluriformes)

Abstract

A phylogenetic analysis based on 311 morphological characters is presented for most species of the Doradidae, all genera of the Auchenipteridae, and representatives of 16 other catfish families. The hypothesis that was derived from the six most parsimonious trees support the monophyly of the South American Doradoidea (Doradidae plus Auchenipteridae), as well as the monophyly of the clade Doradoidea plus the African Mochokidae. In addition, the clade with Sisoroidea plus Aspredinidae was considered sister to Doradoidea plus Mochokidae. Within the Auchenipteridae, the results support the monophyly of the Centromochlinae and Auchenipterinae. The latter is composed of Tocantinsia, and four monophyletic units, two small with Asterophysus and Liosomadoras, and Pseudotatia and Pseudauchenipterus, respectively, and two large ones with the remaining genera. Within the Doradidae, parsimony analysis recovered Wertheimeria as sister to Kalyptodoras, composing a clade sister to all remaining doradids, which include Franciscodoras and two monophyletic groups: Astrodoradinae (plus Acanthodoras and Agamyxis) and Doradinae (new arrangement). Wertheimerinae, new subfamily, is described for Kalyptodoras and Wertheimeria. Doradinae is corroborated as monophyletic and composed of four groups, one including Centrochir and Platydoras, the other with the large-size species of doradids (except Oxydoras), another with Orinocodoras, Rhinodoras, and Rhynchodoras, and another with Oxydoras plus all the fimbriate-barbel doradids. Based on the results, the species of Opsodoras are included in Hemidoras; and Tenellus, new genus, is described to include Nemadoras trimaculatus, N. leporhinus and Nemadoras ternetzi. Due to conflicting hypotheses of the phylogenetic position of Acanthodoras, Agamyxis, and Franciscodoras, these are considered as incertae sedis in Doradidae. All suprageneric taxa of the Doradoidea are diagnosed based on synapomorphic morphological characteristics.Uma análise filogenética com base em 311 caracteres morfológicos é apresentada para a maioria das espécies de Doradidae, todos os gêneros de Auchenipteridae e representantes de outras 16 famílias de Siluriformes. A hipótese de consenso entre as seis árvores mais parcimoniosas corrobora o monofiletismo do grupo Sul-americano Doradoidea (Doradidae mais Auchenipteridae), bem como o de Doradoidea mais a família Africana Mochokidae. O clado de Sisoroidea mais Aspredinidae é considerado como grupo-irmão de Doradoidea mais Mochokidae. Dentre os Auchenipteridae, os resultados corroboraram o monofiletismo de Centromochlinae e Auchenipterinae. Esta última inclui Tocantinsia e outros quarto grupos monofiléticos, um com Asterophysus e Liosomadoras, um com Pseudotatia e Pseudauchenipterus, e outros dois maiores com os demais gêneros da subfamília. Dentre os Doradidae, a análise de parcimônia recuperou Wertheimeria como grupo-irmão de Kalyptodoras, formando um clado irmão de todos os demais doradídeos, que incluem Franciscodoras e dois grupos: Astrodoradinae (mais Acanthodoras e Agamyxis...

Are similar the parasite communities structure ofTrachelyopterus coriaceus and Trachelyopterus galeatus (Siluriformes: Auchenipteridae) in the Amazon basin?

“…In these two hosts in the Amazon region, the dominant species were T. tetramerii and Trichodina nobilis, followed by I. multifiliis. These protozoans are typical of lentic-eutrophized environments like the hydrographic basin of this study , 2014BITTENCOURT et al, 2014b). In addition, in T. coriaceus and T. galeatus, the greatest richness of parasites was in species of helminths, with predominance of endoparasites of relatively high prevalence and low abundance, but only two endoparasites were found in larval stage (Contracaecum sp.…”

A new species of the catfish genus Centromochlus (Siluriformes: Auchenipteridae: Centromochlinae) from the upper rio Paraná basin, Brazil

“…Specimens examined via radiographs are noted as "R" in the Material examined section. Nomenclature for osteological elements is based on Weitzman (1962) , Fink & Fink (1981), Arratia (2003), including suggestions by Britto (2002, 13) and Birindelli (2014); most terms follow the Zebrafish Information Network (ZFIN). Muscle names follow Sarmento- Soares & Porto (2006).…”

Revision of Tympanopleura Eigenmann (Siluriformes: Auchenipteridae) with description of two new species

“…The higher family-group relationships of taxa within the Auchenipteridae, inclusive of what has been hypothesized as a monophyletic clade uniting species of Tympanopleura, Ageneiosus, and Tetranematichthys Bleeker, has a complex history as a result of early classification schemes and many landmark revisionary and phylogenetic studies of doradoid catfishes in recent decades (e.g., Britski, 1972;Ferraris, 1988;Curran, 1989;Walsh, 1990;Higuchi, 1992;Royero, 1987Royero, , 1999de Pinna, 1993;Soares-Porto, 1996Ferraris & Vari, 1999;Akama, 2004;Moyer et al, 2004;Ferraris et al, 2005;Vari & Ferraris, 1998Sarmento-Soares & Martins-Pinheiro, 2008;Birindelli, 2010Birindelli, , 2014Sousa, 2010;Ribeiro, 2011;Arce et al, 2013). The multifaceted history of intra-and inter-familial classifications of auchenipterids was reviewed in detail by de Pinna (1998) and Soares-Porto (1998).…”

“…As currently recognized, the Auchenipteridae is considered to be a monophyletic group nested within a large natural clade, the Neotropical Doradoidea (= Doradidae + Auchenipteridae [= Auchenipterinae + Centromochlinae]) (de Pinna, 1998;Soares-Porto, 1998;Ferraris, 2003), yet relationships of this group to other catfishes worldwide is inconclusively resolved (e.g., Hardman, 2005;Sullivan et al, 2006). Systematic history of the Doradoidea was reviewed by Birindelli (2014). Ribeiro (2011) expanded upon previous studies of the Auchenipterinae and proposed a revised phylogenetic hypothesis of intergeneric relationships, in which he recognized two tribes within the subfamily, the Trachelyopterini and Auchenipterini, the latter represented by one putative clade comprised of (Entomocorus + ((Auchenipterus) + (Epapterus + Pseudepapterus Steindachner))), and another comprised of (Tetranematichthys + (Ageneiosus, including species of Tympanopleura as treated herein)).…”