Phylogenetic Relationships of the Five Extant Rhinoceros Species (Rhinocerotidae, Perissodactyla) Based on Mitochondrial Cytochrome b and 12S rRNA Genes

Tougard, Christelle; Delefosse, Thomas; Hänni, Catherine; Montgelard, Claudine

doi:10.1006/mpev.2000.0903

Cited by 70 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The white rhinoceros sequencing results using complete mitochondrial genomes confirmed the results of Tougard et al (2001), which were based on mitochondrial Cytochrome B and 12S rRNA Genes, and those of Willerslev et al (2009) from whole mitochondrial genomes. Our results, like Tougard et al (2001) and Willerslev et al (2009), show a lack of resolution for the placement of the Sumatran Rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis), which in some analyses clustered with the African genera but at others with the other Asian genera.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…Our results, like Tougard et al (2001) and Willerslev et al (2009), show a lack of resolution for the placement of the Sumatran Rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis), which in some analyses clustered with the African genera but at others with the other Asian genera. On the question as to the time of divergence of NWR and SWR, our data imply that the mtDNA genomes of NWR and SWR diverged somewhere between 0.46 and 0.97 million years ago.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

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Comparison of whole mitochondrial genome sequences of northern and southern white rhinoceroses (Ceratotherium simum): the conservation consequences of species definitions

et al. 2016

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The probable extinction of the last confirmed population of northern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum cottoni) in the world has ignited debate regarding its species status compared to the southern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum). Previous studies, based on partial mitochondrial sequences, have reported conflicting results regarding the species status of the northern white rhinoceros. We use whole mitochondrial genomes obtained using Next Generation Sequencing of four northern white rhinoceros and three southern white rhinoceros using novel primers in three overlapping fragments. Phylogenetic relationships were constructed, using Maximum Likelihood, and recovered monophyletic clades for northern white rhinoceros and southern white rhinoceros. The divergence time between the two mitochondrial DNA lineages was estimated to be between 0.46 and 0.97 million years ago using Bayesian inferences. Since there are currently only three surviving northern white rhinoceros individuals these results put into sharp focus the ongoing debate regarding the methods of species definition, and in particular the consequences of such definitions in conservation management of endangered species and subspecies. We conclude that the designation of sub-species status is more applicable to northern and southern white rhinoceros.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

Comparison of whole mitochondrial genome sequences of northern and southern white rhinoceroses (Ceratotherium simum): the conservation consequences of species definitions

et al. 2016

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“…Amplifications for mtCyt-b gene were performed with the primers L7 (5' ACC AAT GAC ATG AAA AAT CAT CGT T 3') -H6 (5' TCT CCA TTT CTG GTT TAC AAG AC 3'), which had been designed for perissodactyles (Tougard et al 2001). The PCRs were performed in a 50-l volume with reaction mixtures including 10 l of 10x Buffer, 7 l of 25mM MgCl 2 , 2 l of dNTPs (dNTP Mix Promega, 40mM), 4 l (100 M) of each primer, one unit of Taq DNA polymerase (Gotaq, Promega), 2 l of DNA from blood, skin or muscle tissue or 2-10 l of DNA from hairs and teeth and a variable quantity of H 2 0.…”

Section: Molecular Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeography of the Mountain Tapir (Tapirus pinchaque) and the Central American Tapir (Tapirus bairdii) and the Origins of the Three Latin-American Tapirs by Means of mtCyt-B Sequences

Ruiz‐García¹,

Vásquez²,

Pinedo-Castro³

et al. 2012

Current Topics in Phylogenetics and Phylogeography of Terrestrial and Aquatic Systems

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“…In addition to the newly generated data, all available 12S rDNA sequences for Rhinocerotidae from the previously published studies of Douzery and Catzeflis (1995), Xu et al (1996), Xu and Árnason (1997), Tougard et al (2001), Fernando et al (2006), Willerslev et al (2009) and Groves et al (2010), in total 21 sequences, were downloaded from GenBank (www.ncbi. nlm.nih.gov/Genbank).…”

Section: Sampling Dna Isolation and Amplificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Museum specimens as Noah’s Arc of lost genes. The case of a rhinoceros from Sumatra in the Zoological Museum Hamburg

Glaubrecht¹,

Neiber²

2017

EvolSyst

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Understanding past and present genetic diversity, in particular in endangered species such as the rhinoceroses, is of paramount importance for a series of aspects in natural history, evolutionary systematics and conservation. As it turned out from several recent studies even in eminent museum specimens the historical context including its provenance often remains unresolved. At the same time modern molecular genetic techniques make this material more and more available also for integrative studies. With probably less than fifty extant specimens, among the Asian rhinoceroses the Javan rhinoceros, Rhinoceros sondaicus, is one of the most critically endangered mammal species, rendering also each of its rare museum specimens of great significance. We here apply available DNA isolation and sequencing techniques to a horn of a specimen housed at the Zoological Museum in Hamburg with indication as to derive from the extinct conspecific Sumatra population. In comparison with already existing mitochondrial gene fragment sequence data of Asian rhino populations, we were able to verify the identification of this particular museum specimen as of the nearly equally rare Sumatran rhinoceros, Dicerorhinus sumatrensis, instead as of the extremely rare R. sondaicus.

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Phylogenetic Relationships of the Five Extant Rhinoceros Species (Rhinocerotidae, Perissodactyla) Based on Mitochondrial Cytochrome b and 12S rRNA Genes

Cited by 70 publications

References 49 publications

Comparison of whole mitochondrial genome sequences of northern and southern white rhinoceroses (Ceratotherium simum): the conservation consequences of species definitions

Comparison of whole mitochondrial genome sequences of northern and southern white rhinoceroses (Ceratotherium simum): the conservation consequences of species definitions

Phylogeography of the Mountain Tapir (Tapirus pinchaque) and the Central American Tapir (Tapirus bairdii) and the Origins of the Three Latin-American Tapirs by Means of mtCyt-B Sequences

Museum specimens as Noah’s Arc of lost genes. The case of a rhinoceros from Sumatra in the Zoological Museum Hamburg

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