Phylogenetic Relationships of Sulfate- and Sulfur-Reducing Eubacteria

Fowler, Valerie J.; Widdel, Friedrich; Pfennig, Norbert; Woese, Carl R.; Stackebrandt, Erko

doi:10.1016/s0723-2020(86)80145-x

Cited by 62 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The results of a previous study of the phylogenetic affiliation of this isolate with other sulfur-reducing bacteria indicated that strain NZ27T is most closely related to Desulfuromonas acetoxidans and "Desulfuromonas acetexigens," with S,, values of 0.64 and 0.59, respectively (11). The results of the comparative analysis of the almost complete 16s rDNA sequences confirmed the previous finding that strain NZ27T and Desulfuromonas acetoxidans form a distinct line of descent.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…The most closely related species was Desulfuromonas acetoxidans (level of similarity, 96.6%) (Fig. 3), as reported previously on the basis of the results of comparative 16s rRNA oligonucleotide cataloging studies (11). The levels of similarity between the 16s rDNA sequence of strain NZ27T and the 16s rDNA sequences of "Desulfuromonas acetexigens" and "Desulfuromonas palmitatis" were 95.0 and 94.4%, respectively.…”

Section: Enrichment and Isolationsupporting

confidence: 80%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Desulfuromonas thiophila sp. nov., a New Obligately Sulfur-Reducing Bacterium from Anoxic Freshwater Sediment

Finster

Coates

Liesack

et al. 1997

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

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A mesophilic, acetate-oxidizing, sulfur-reducing bacterium, strain NZ27T, was isolated from anoxic mud from a freshwater sulfur spring. The cells were ovoid, motile, and gram negative. In addition to acetate, the strain oxidized pyruvate, succinate, and fumarate. Sulfur flower could be replaced by polysulfide as an electron acceptor. Ferric nitrilotriacetic acid was reduced in the presence of pyruvate; however, this reduction did not sustain growth. These phenotypic characteristics suggested that strain NZ27T is affiliated with the genus Desulfiromonas. A phylogenetic analysis based on the results of comparative 16s ribosomal DNA sequencing confirmed that strain NZ27T belongs to the Desulfiromonas cluster in the recently proposed family "Geobacteraceae" in the delta subgroup of the Proteobacteria. In addition, the results of DNA-DNA hybridization studies confirmed that strain NZ27T represents a novel species. Desulfiromonas thiophila, a name tentatively used in previous publications, is the name proposed for strain NZ27T in this paper.Bacteria that are able to grow by linking the oxidation of acetate to the reduction of elemental sulfur have been known since Pfennig and Biebl described the isolation of Desulfiromonas acetoxidans in 1976 (26). While a number of strains of the genus Desulfuromonas have been isolated and deposited in culture collections (33), Desulfuromonas acetoxidans (with type strain DSM 864) is the only species that has been validly published previously (26). Recently, two other species, the freshwater organism '(Desulfuromonas acetexigens" (with type strain 2873 [ = DSM 13971) (10) and the marine organism "Desulfuromonas palmitatis" (with type strain SDBYl [= ATCC 517011) (4), have been characterized. Data obtained for a second freshwater strain (isolate NZ27T), which was tentatively named Desulfuromonas thiophila have been published in review articles (31,33). However, a valid description of this strain has not been published previously.In this paper we present a detailed characterization of Desulfuromonas thiophila NZ27T, including a phenotypic description, the phylogenetic affiliation of this organism with known species of the recently described family ('Geobacteraceae" (19), and the results of DNA-DNA hybridization studies performed with closely related species of the genus Desulfiromonas. Based on the genotypic and phenotypic differences between strain NZ27 and the other members of the genus Desulfuromonas, we propose that strain NZ27 is the type strain of a new species, Desulfuromonas thiophila. MATERIALS AND METHODSSource of the organism. Sulfur-reducing strain NZ27T was isolated in 1979 by Bache and Pfennig (1) from anoxic mud from a freshwater sulfur spring at Ngawha Springs in Moerewa, New Zealand (North Island).Media and cultivation conditions. The basal medium used for cultivation of freshwater strain NZ27T contained (per liter) 0.5 g of NaCI, 0.2 g of MgCI, -6H,O, 0.1 g of CaCI, -2H,O, 0.1 g of NH4Cl, 0.2 g of KH2P04, and 0.25 g of KCl. After the medium was autoclaved and cooled u...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Enrichment and Isolationsupporting

confidence: 80%

Desulfuromonas thiophila sp. nov., a New Obligately Sulfur-Reducing Bacterium from Anoxic Freshwater Sediment

Finster

Coates

Liesack

et al. 1997

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

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“…Similar observations have been reported earlier : Campbell & Postgate (1965) described a negative Gram stain for Desulfotomaculum nigrificans (ex Clostridium nigrificans) while Sleytr et al (1969) found the fine structure of the cell wall typical for Gram-positive bacteria. 16S rRNA analyses clearly indicated that Desulfotomaculum species clustered in the Gram-positive bacteria group with low GjC content (Devereux et al, 1984 ;Fowler et al, 1986). The phototrophic Heliobacteriaceae, grouping phylogenetically near Desulfotomaculum, also give a negative Gram stain (Madigan, 1992).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Filobacillus milensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a new halophilic spore-forming bacterium with Orn-D-Glu-type peptidoglycan.

Schlesner¹,

Lawson²,

Collins³

et al. 2001

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

121

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“…Analysis of SRB 16S rRNA sequences has enabled the phylogeny of SRB to be described (Fowler et al, 1986 ;Devereux et al, 1989) and major SRB groups to be identified. This in turn has enabled the design and development of group-specific 16S rDNA-RNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes, and now PCR primers also.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of oligonucleotide probes and PCR primers for detecting phylogenetic subgroups of sulfate-reducing bacteria

Sharp²,

2000

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PCR primer sets for the 16S rRNA gene of six phylogenetic groups of sulfatereducing bacteria (SRB) were designed. Their application in conjunction with group-specific internal oligonucleotide probes was used to detect SRB DNA in samples of landfill leachate. Six generic/suprageneric groups could be differentiated : Desulfotomaculum ; Desulfobulbus ; Desulfobacterium ; Desulfobacter ; Desulfococcus-Desulfonema-Desulfosarcina ; Desulfovibrio-Desulfomicrobium. The predicted specificities of the PCR primer and oligonucleotide probe combinations were confirmed with DNA from reference strains. In all cases, the PCR primers and probes were specific, the only exception being that the Desulfococcus-Desulfonema-Desulfosarcina (group 5) PCR primers were able to amplify DNA from Desulfobacterium (group 3) reference strains but these groups could nevertheless be differentiated with the internal oligonucleotide probes. The proliferation of SRB in landfill sites interferes with methanogenesis and waste stabilization, but relatively little is known about the composition of SRB populations in this environment. DNA was extracted from samples of landfill leachate from several municipal waste landfill sites and used as template in PCR reactions with SRB group-specific primer sets. Group-specific oligonucleotide probes were then used to confirm that the PCR products obtained contained the target SRB 16S rDNA. Both ' direct ' and ' nested ' PCR protocols were used to amplify SRB 16S rDNA from landfill leachates. Three of the six SRB groups could be detected using the ' direct ' PCR approach (Desulfotomaculum, Desulfobacter and Desulfococcus-Desulfonema-Desulfosarcina). When ' nested ' PCR was applied, an additional two groups could be detected (Desulfobulbus and Desulfovibrio-Desulfomicrobium). Only Desulfobacterium could not be detected in any leachate samples using either direct or nested PCR. The SRBspecific 16S rDNA primers and probes described here can be applied to investigations of SRB molecular ecology in general, and can be further developed for examining SRB population composition in relation to landfill site performance.

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Phylogenetic Relationships of Sulfate- and Sulfur-Reducing Eubacteria

Cited by 62 publications

References 36 publications

Desulfuromonas thiophila sp. nov., a New Obligately Sulfur-Reducing Bacterium from Anoxic Freshwater Sediment

Desulfuromonas thiophila sp. nov., a New Obligately Sulfur-Reducing Bacterium from Anoxic Freshwater Sediment

Filobacillus milensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a new halophilic spore-forming bacterium with Orn-D-Glu-type peptidoglycan.

Development of oligonucleotide probes and PCR primers for detecting phylogenetic subgroups of sulfate-reducing bacteria

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