Phylogenetic relationships of Betula species (Betulaceae) based on nuclear ADH and chloroplast matK sequences

Järvinen, Pia; Palmé, Anna; Morales, Luis Orlando; Lännenpää, Mika; Keinänen, Markku; Sopanen, Tuomas; Lascoux, Martin

doi:10.3732/ajb.91.11.1834

Cited by 79 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…B. lenta and B. alleghaniensis grouped together with good support in both the AFLP NJ and maximum parsimony analysis. The close relationship of B. lenta and B. alleghaniensis (together with B. medwediewii) is supported by nuclear ITS and chloroplast matK sequence data (Järvinen et al 2004;Li et al 2005). The decaploid B. medwediewii was not included in our analysis due to an excess of bands in the AFLP profile.…”

Section: Phylogeny Of the Genus Betulamentioning

confidence: 89%

“…The position of B. schmidtii as a close relative to B. chichibuensis was in line with studies on ITS sequences (Li et al 2005;Nagamitsu et al 2006) and a recent morphological study by Skvortsov (2002). On the other hand, Keinänen et al (1999) and Järvinen et al (2004) found that B. schmidtii was closely related to subgenus Betula. Our results indicate that B. costata, B. ermanii, B. davurica, B. utilis, and B. albosinensis should be merged with subgenus Betula.…”

Section: Phylogeny Of the Genus Betulamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given the difficulties with morphological characters in reconstructing species relationships within the genus Betula, alternative markers were explored, e.g., flavonoid composition (Keinänen et al 1999), nuclear deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequences (Järvinen et al 2004;Li et al 2005;Nagamitsu et al 2006), a microsatellite (Nagamitsu et al 2006), and chloroplast DNA sequences (Järvinen et al 2004). These markers have provided useful information on the evolution of the genus, but relationships between species remain largely inconclusive due to their limited variation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These markers have provided useful information on the evolution of the genus, but relationships between species remain largely inconclusive due to their limited variation. For example, the chloroplast matK sequences examined by Järvinen et al (2004) differentiated only three North American species from the other species. Moreover, trees constructed from different nuclear DNA markers display incongruences, e.g., nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacers (ITS) versus microsatellite sequences (Nagamitsu et al 2006) and ITS versus ADH sequences (Järvinen et al 2004;Li et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogenetic relationships in Betula (Betulaceae) based on AFLP markers

Schenk¹,

Thienpont

Koopman³

et al. 2008

Tree Genetics & Genomes

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The genus Betula comprises various species in boreal and temperate climate zones of the Northern Hemisphere. The taxonomy of Betula is controversial and complicated by parallel evolution of morphological traits, polyploidization events, and extensive hybridization and introgression among species. Multilocus molecular data from AFLPs were used to provide phylogenetic information. A large number of polymorphic markers (321 variable bands) were produced in 107 Betula accessions from 23 species and 11 hybrids. The AFLP results were largely congruent with the results from previously examined nuclear DNA markers. Four distinct subgenera were identified within the genus Betula. These subgenera were partly in disagreement with the traditional (but disputed) division of the genus. In addition, the results indicated several groups of conspecific taxa. The majority of the species fell within subgenus Betula and shared a high degree of similarity with B. pendula. All hybrids were associated with this group, and the AFLP data contained signals on putative parents for some of the interspecific hybrids. Subgenus Chamaebetula and part of the Neurobetula species should be merged with Betula. The subgenera Betulenta, Betulaster, and the remaining part of Neurobetula are distinct and well supported. Although our results indicate that four major taxonomic groups can be recognized within the genus Betula, the relationship between them remains unclear. This may be due to the occurrence of hybridization and introgression, which would have a homogenizing effect on the relationships between species. Naturally occurring Betula species of hybrid origin may explain the low bootstrap values within the Betula clade.

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Section: Phylogeny Of the Genus Betulamentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Phylogeny Of the Genus Betulamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Phylogenetic relationships in Betula (Betulaceae) based on AFLP markers

Schenk¹,

Thienpont

Koopman³

et al. 2008

Tree Genetics & Genomes

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“…For example, matK and rbcL were able to identify species to the Betus and Salix genus level, but did not allow adequate resolution to distinguish among species belonging to these genera and the rate of amplification was low (only 21% of the Salix samples amplified; Jarvinen et al. 2004; Fazekas et al., 2008; von Crautlein et al., 2011). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utility of DNA barcoding to identify rare endemic vascular plant species in Trinidad

Hosein

Austin

Maharaj

et al. 2017

Ecology and Evolution

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The islands of the Caribbean are considered to be a “biodiversity hotspot.” Collectively, a high level of endemism for several plant groups has been reported for this region. Biodiversity conservation should, in part, be informed by taxonomy, population status, and distribution of flora. One taxonomic impediment to species inventory and management is correct identification as conventional morphology‐based assessment is subject to several caveats. DNA barcoding can be a useful tool to quickly and accurately identify species and has the potential to prompt the discovery of new species. In this study, the ability of DNA barcoding to confirm the identities of 14 endangered endemic vascular plant species in Trinidad was assessed using three DNA barcodes (matK, rbcL, and rpoC1). Herbarium identifications were previously made for all species under study. matK, rbcL, and rpoC1 markers were successful in amplifying target regions for seven of the 14 species. rpoC1 sequences required extensive editing and were unusable. rbcL primers resulted in cleanest reads, however, matK appeared to be superior to rbcL based on a number of parameters assessed including level of DNA polymorphism in the sequences, genetic distance, reference library coverage based on BLASTN statistics, direct sequence comparisons within “best match” and “best close match” criteria, and finally, degree of clustering with moderate to strong bootstrap support (>60%) in neighbor‐joining tree‐based comparisons. The performance of both markers seemed to be species‐specific based on the parameters examined. Overall, the Trinidad sequences were accurately identified to the genus level for all endemic plant species successfully amplified and sequenced using both matK and rbcL markers. DNA barcoding can contribute to taxonomic and biodiversity research and will complement efforts to select taxa for various molecular ecology and population genetics studies.

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Birches

Lemmetyinen

Järvinen

Keinonen

et al. 2008

Compendium of Transgenic Crop Plants

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The birches are common trees and shrubs of the northern hemisphere. Economically, the most important species is the silver birch ( Betula pendula ), and its breeding started already in 1940s. To speed up breeding, new biotechnological approaches have been introduced, including marker‐assisted breeding, micropropagation, and gene transfer. Possibilities to improve wood quality and stress tolerance are now being studied by using these technologies. Several genes regulating flower development in birch have been isolated, and utilized in development of nonflowering and early‐flowering birches. The only biotechnological applications related to herbivore and fungal resistance so far appear to be the transformation of spider insecticidal peptide gene into Betula platyphylla , and of chitinase IV gene from sugar beet into silver birch. Attempts to modify lignin amount and composition have been made with two genes, but neither of these lead to expected alterations in lignin composition. Birch is quite tolerant to some toxic compounds found in contaminated soil, but so far no transgenic applications for phytoremediation have been reported. The recently established large expressed sequence tag (EST) library and birch oligonucleotide microarray chips will undoubtedly enable further genomic studies on birch and enhance its potential as a deciduous woody model plant.

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Phylogenetic relationships of Betula species (Betulaceae) based on nuclear ADH and chloroplast matK sequences

Cited by 79 publications

References 85 publications

Phylogenetic relationships in Betula (Betulaceae) based on AFLP markers

Phylogenetic relationships in Betula (Betulaceae) based on AFLP markers

Utility of DNA barcoding to identify rare endemic vascular plant species in Trinidad

Birches

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