Phylogenetic position of the Sphaeropleaceae (Chlorophyta)

Wolf, Matthias; Buchheim, Mark A.; Hegewald, E.; Krienitz, Lothar; Hepperle, Dominik

doi:10.1007/s006060200002

Cited by 34 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Traditional orders and genera were found to be polyphyletic while others were moved to other classes (e.g., Chlorellales) (see Lewis & McCourt, 2004 for a taxonomic history). Molecular and ultrastructural data have identified five major clades (Booton et al, 1998a;Wolf et al, 2002;Wolf et al, 2003;Turmel et al, 2008). The Chlamydomonadales is characterized by a CW flagellar apparatus orientation in biflagellate members, but quadriflagellate representatives may display various other orientations (Nakayama et al, 1996a;Nozaki et al, 2003;Watanabe et al, 2006b).…”

Section: Chlorophyceaementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Sphaeropleales form another large group of Chlorophyceae, including some of the most common freshwater phytoplankters such as Scenedesmus, Desmodesmus and Pediastrum, as well as picoplanktonic members (Wolf et al, 2002;Krienitz et al, 2011). Representatives are non-motile unicells, colonies or filaments, which produce biflagellate zoospores (zoosporic) or non-motile spores (autosporic).…”

Section: Chlorophyceaementioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogeny and Molecular Evolution of the Green Algae

Leliaert

Smith

Moreau

et al. 2012

Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences

746

655

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Section: Chlorophyceaementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chlorophyceaementioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeny and Molecular Evolution of the Green Algae

Leliaert

Smith

Moreau

et al. 2012

Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences

746

655

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…It was not intended as a synonym for the quadriciliate condition (Cavalier-Smith, 1992, p. 93), which has arisen more than once, notably also within green algae, being the predominant kinetid pattern in the subphylum Chlorophytina (Cavalier-Smith, 1998;Wolfe et al, 2002), but, as they have four similarly beating anterior cilia, kinetid organization is completely different, especially in prasinophytes where all centrioles are typically parallel, and they are quadriciliate but not tetrakont. The arrangement of three anterior (or one anterior and two anterolateral) and one posterior centriole characteristic of Metamonada has been remarked on for decades (Grassé, 1952;Farmer, 1993) and constitutes a shared derived character that defines the group.…”

Section: Tetrakontymentioning

confidence: 99%

The excavate protozoan phyla Metamonada Grasse emend. (Anaeromonadea, Parabasalia, Carpediemonas, Eopharyngia) and Loukozoa emend. (Jakobea, Malawimonas): their evolutionary affinities and new higher taxa

Cavalier‐Smith

2003

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLO

103

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It is argued here that the anaerobic protozoan zooflagellate Parabasalia, Carpediemonas and Eopharyngia (diplomonads, enteromonads, retortamonads) constitute a holophyletic group, for which the existing name Trichozoa is adopted as a new subphylum. Ancestrally, Trichozoa probably had hydrogenosomes, stacked Golgi dictyosomes, three anterior centrioles and one posterior centriole: the typical tetrakont pattern. It is also argued that the closest relatives of Trichozoa are Anaeromonada (Trimastix, oxymonads), and the two groups are classified as subphyla of a revised phylum Metamonada. Returning Parabasalia and Anaeromonadea to Metamonada, as in Grassé 's original classification, simplifies classification of the kingdom Protozoa by reducing the number of phyla within infrakingdom Excavata from five to four. Percolozoa (Heterolobosea plus Percolatea classis nov.) and Metamonada are probably both ancestrally quadriciliate with a kinetid of four centrioles attached to the nucleus; the few biciliates among them are probably secondarily derived. Metamonada ancestrally probably had two divergent centriole pairs, whereas, in Percolozoa, all four centrioles are parallel. It is suggested that Discicristata (Percolozoa, Euglenozoa) are holophyletic, ancestrally with two parallel centrioles. In the phylum Loukozoa, Malawimonadea classis nov. is established for Malawimonas (with a new family and order also) and Diphyllatea classis nov., for Diphylleida (Diphylleia, Collodictyon), is transferred back to Apusozoa. A new class, order and family are established for the anaerobic, biciliate, tricentriolar Carpediemonas, transferring it from Loukozoa to Trichozoa because of its triply flanged cilia; like Retortamonas, it may be secondarily biciliate -its unique combination of putative hydrogenosomes and flanged cilia agree with molecular evidence that Carpediemonas is sister to Eopharyngia, diverging before their ancestor lost hydrogenosomes and acquired a cytopharynx. Removal of anaeromonads and Carpediemonas makes Loukozoa more homogeneous, being basically biciliate, aerobic and free-living, in contrast to Metamonada. A new taxon-rich rRNA tree supports holophyly of Discicristata and Trichozoa strongly, holophyly of Metamonada and Excavata and paraphyly of Loukozoa weakly. Mitochondria were probably transformed into hydrogenosomes independently in the ancestors of lyromonad Percolozoa and Metamonada and further reduced in the ancestral eopharyngian. Evidence is briefly discussed that Metamonada and all other excavates share a photosynthetic ancestry with Euglenozoa and are secondarily non-photosynthetic, as predicted by the cabozoan hypothesis for a single secondary symbiogenetic acquisition of green algal plastids by the last common ancestor of Euglenozoa and Cercozoa. Excavata plus core Rhizaria (Cercozoa, Retaria) probably form an ancestrally photophagotrophic clade. The origin from a benthic loukozoan ancestor of the characteristic cellular features of Percolozoa and Euglenozoa through divergent adaptations for feeding on or ...

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“…Five orders are recognized within the class (Oedogoniales, Chaetophorales, Chaetopeltidales, Volvocales and Sphaeropleales), and the relationships among them are fairly well understood (Booton et al, 1998;Buchheim et al, 2001;Wolf et al, 2002;Turmel et al, 2008;Tippery et al, 2012). By contrast, higher classification within Ulvophyceae and especially Trebouxiophyceae is still unresolved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New phylogenetic hypotheses for the core Chlorophyta based on chloroplast sequence data

et al. 2014

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Phylogenetic relationships in the green algal phylum Chlorophyta have long been subject to debate, especially at higher taxonomic ranks (order, class). The relationships among three traditionally defined and well-studied classes, Chlorophyceae, Trebouxiophyceae, and Ulvophyceae are of particular interest, as these groups are species-rich and ecologically important worldwide. Different phylogenetic hypotheses have been proposed over the past two decades and the monophyly of the individual classes has been disputed on occasion. Our study seeks to test these hypotheses by combining high throughput sequencing data from the chloroplast genome with increased taxon sampling. Our results suggest that while many of the deep relationships are still problematic to resolve, the classes Trebouxiophyceae and Ulvophyceae are likely not monophyletic as currently defined. Our results also support relationships among several trebouxiophycean taxa that were previously unresolved. Finally, we propose that the common term for the grouping of the three classes, "UTC clade," be replaced with the term "core Chlorophyta" for the well-supported clade containing Chlorophyceae, taxa belonging to Ulvophyceae and Trebouxiophyceae, and the classes Chlorodendrophyceae and Pedinophyceae.

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Phylogenetic position of the Sphaeropleaceae (Chlorophyta)

Cited by 34 publications

References 31 publications

Phylogeny and Molecular Evolution of the Green Algae

Phylogeny and Molecular Evolution of the Green Algae

The excavate protozoan phyla Metamonada Grasse emend. (Anaeromonadea, Parabasalia, Carpediemonas, Eopharyngia) and Loukozoa emend. (Jakobea, Malawimonas): their evolutionary affinities and new higher taxa

New phylogenetic hypotheses for the core Chlorophyta based on chloroplast sequence data

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