Phylogenetic insights into Andean plant diversification

Luebert, Federico; Weigend, Maximilian

doi:10.3389/fevo.2014.00027

Cited by 240 publications

(232 citation statements)

References 184 publications

(262 reference statements)

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“…32 and 33). For many clades, factors unrelated to uplift per se, such as biotic interactions, are almost certain to have played important roles (3,13,34). For example, in Pedicularis (Orobanchaceae) diversification of the many Hengduan species may have been facilitated by recurrent divergence in floral traits associated with pollinator sharing and reproductive interference (e.g., ref.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uplift-driven diversification in the Hengduan Mountains, a temperate biodiversity hotspot

Xing

Ree

2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

437

473

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A common hypothesis for the rich biodiversity found in mountains is uplift-driven diversification-that orogeny creates conditions favoring rapid in situ speciation of resident lineages. We tested this hypothesis in the context of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) and adjoining mountain ranges, using the phylogenetic and geographic histories of multiple groups of plants to infer the tempo (rate) and mode (colonization versus in situ diversification) of biotic assembly through time and across regions. We focused on the Hengduan Mountains region, which in comparison with the QTP and Himalayas was uplifted more recently (since the late Miocene) and is smaller in area and richer in species. Time-calibrated phylogenetic analyses show that about 8 million y ago the rate of in situ diversification increased in the Hengduan Mountains, significantly exceeding that in the geologically older QTP and Himalayas. By contrast, in the QTP and Himalayas during the same period the rate of in situ diversification remained relatively flat, with colonization dominating lineage accumulation. The Hengduan Mountains flora was thus assembled disproportionately by recent in situ diversification, temporally congruent with independent estimates of orogeny. This study shows quantitative evidence for uplift-driven diversification in this region, and more generally, tests the hypothesis by comparing the rate and mode of biotic assembly jointly across time and space. It thus complements the more prevalent method of examining endemic radiations individually and could be used as a template to augment such studies in other biodiversity hotspots.biogeography | vascular plants | molecular clocks | dispersal | speciation C entral to understanding global patterns of biodiversity are considerations of biotic assembly: For a given region, when and how did resident species accumulate? Of primary interest is tempo (the rate of accumulation) and mode (the process, whether by colonization via dispersal or in situ lineage diversification). We wish to know how and why these vary in time and space.For mountains, well-known for harboring a disproportionate fraction of terrestrial species, a common hypothesis is that of uplift-driven diversification-that orogeny creates conditions favoring in situ speciation of resident lineages (1-6). Among global biodiversity hotspots, the mountain ranges surrounding the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) are unusual and enigmatic: They harbor one of the world's richest temperate floras, and (unlike other hotspots) they are neither tropical nor Mediterranean in climate. Moreover, despite increasing interest from biogeographers, their biotic assembly remains poorly understood (3, 4, 7). The mountains form three distinct hotspots of biodiversity that respectively lie to the west, south, and east of the QTP's central high desert: the Central Asian mountains (Altai and Tianshan ranges), the Himalayas, and the Hengduan Mountains region (4) (Fig. 1). Of these, the richest in plant diversity is the Hengduan Mountains, with a vascular flor...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uplift-driven diversification in the Hengduan Mountains, a temperate biodiversity hotspot

Xing

Ree

2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

437

473

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“…The ice-capped archipelagos of tropical mountains are sites of high speciation rates over evolutionary time (Luebert & Weigend 2014, Sklenár et al 2014, for example, for Andean plants such as the lupines (Lupinus) (Hughes & Eastwood 2006) and birds such as tanagers (Sedan & Burns 2010). Over millions of years, these processes explain the adaptations of the species and the characteristics of the biodiversity hot spots in the tropical Andes, the highlands of Mesoamerica, and the mountains of Africa and New Guinea (Myers et al 2000, Olson et al 2001.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecology of Land Cover Change in Glaciated Tropical Mountains

Young

2014

Rev peru biol

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Tropical mountains contain unique biological diversity, and are subject to many consequences of global climate change, exasperated by concurrent socioeconomic shifts. Glaciers are in a negative mass balance, exposing substrates to primary succession and altering downslope wetlands and streams. A review of recent trends and future predictions suggests a likely reduction in areas of open habitat for species of high mountains due to greater woody plant cover, accompanied by land use shifts by farmers and pastoralists along the environmental gradients of tropical mountains. Research is needed on the biodiversity and ecosystem consequences of successional change, including the direct effects of retreating glaciers and the indirect consequences of combined social and ecological drivers in lower elevations. Areas in the high mountains that are protected for nature conservation or managed collectively by local communities represent opportunities for integrated research and development approaches that may provide ecological spaces for future species range shifts.

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“…76, 2015 of the most important species-specifi c characters of the male genitalia capsule is the valval shape (e.g. Chapman 1916, Stempffer 1937, 1938, Higgins 1975, Zhdanko 2004, Coutsis 2010. Th erefore, we record traits off ered by the male valva with the intention that they will be useful in the monographic treatment of the genus.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Descriptions of eight new Pseudolucia species from Argentina with an updated list of species distributed in the austral regions of South America (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae: Polyommatinae)

Benyamini¹,

Bálint²

2016

Folia ent hung

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-Eight species of Pseudolucia Nabokov, 1945 are described from Mendoza and San Juan regions of Argentina: P. calingasta sp. n. from San Juan (P. andina species group); P. atutia sp. n., P. ofi r sp. n. and P. ulibarrii sp. n. from San Juan (P. argentina species group); P. sosneada sp. n. from Mendoza (P. chilensis species group); P. kieslingi sp. n. from Mendoza and P. mercedaria sp. n. from San Juan (P. collina species group) and P. pilgrama sp. n. from San Juan (P. sibylla species group). Identifi cation keys for groups are given. Taxonomy, known distributions, larval hostplants of the species are recorded and the biology/ethology of the species are briefl y discussed. Th e distribution of the genus Pseudolucia in austral South America is given. With 68 fi gures and one table.

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Phylogenetic insights into Andean plant diversification

Cited by 240 publications

References 184 publications

Uplift-driven diversification in the Hengduan Mountains, a temperate biodiversity hotspot

Uplift-driven diversification in the Hengduan Mountains, a temperate biodiversity hotspot

Ecology of Land Cover Change in Glaciated Tropical Mountains

Descriptions of eight new Pseudolucia species from Argentina with an updated list of species distributed in the austral regions of South America (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae: Polyommatinae)

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