Phylogenetic group determination and plasmid virulence gene profiles of colistin-resistant Escherichia coli originated from the broiler meat supply chain in Bogor, Indonesia

Abstract

Background and Aim: Pathogenic Escherichia coli contamination along the broiler meat supply chain is a serious public health concern. This bacterial infection with multidrug-resistant can lead to treatment failure. Several studies have revealed that avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) and human extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) showed a close genetic relationship and may share virulence genes. This study aimed to determine the phylogenetic group and virulence gene profiles in colistin-resistant E. coli obtained from the broiler meat supply chain in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. Materials and Methods: Fifty-eight archive isolates originated from the cloacal swab, litter, drinking water, inside plucker swab, fresh meat at small scale poultry slaughterhouses, and traditional markets were used in this study. All the isolates were characterized by a polymerase chain reaction to determine the phylogenetic group (A, B1, B2, or D) and virulence gene profiles with APEC marker genes (iutA, hlyF, iss, iroN, and ompT). Results: Phylogenetic grouping revealed that the isolates belong to A group (34.48%), D group (34.48%), B1 group (17.24%), and B2 group (13.79%). The virulence gene prevalence was as follows: iutA (36%), hlyF (21%), ompT (21%), iroN (10%), and iss (9%). The B2 group presented with more virulence genes combinations. iroN, hlyF, and ompT genes were positively associated with the B2 group (p≤0.05). Conclusion: Our results highlight the role of colistin-resistant E. coli originated from the broiler meat supply chain as a potential reservoir for human ExPEC virulence genes.

Evaluation of the Virulence Factor Profile of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia Coli in Clinical Isolates of Avian Samples in Caloto, Cauca, Colombia

“…In our study, the frequency was 76.6%, similar to iroN gene frequency (78.7%), both of these virulence genes encode siderophores and are essential for self-maintenance in the host body in APEC, and human ExPEC strains, contributing to their virulence 59 . On the other hand, the Iss gene constantly has been reported in several studies with higher frequencies between 80 and 100% in the United States, Spain, Denmark, Nepal, Qatar, Korea, Canada, and Jordan 10,29,53,60−64 .…”

“…Regarding the iutA gene, the reported frequencies were very variable among the isolates, between 36%, and 100% 10,28,53,59 .…”

Resistance and virulence gene analysis and molecular typing of Escherichia coli from duck farms in Zhanjiang, China

“…who isolated 140 strains of E. coli from raw sewage in Kuwait; and Nancy et al. who isolated 116 strains of human symbiotic E. coli , most of which belonged to group A ( Rehman et al., 2017 ; Stoppe et al., 2017 ; Rahayuningtyas et al., 2020 ). A certain association between phylogenetic group and virulence factors has been reproted.…”

ClbG in Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli Contributes to Meningitis Development in a Mouse Model

“…Increasing evidence indicates that ExPEC infection is more likely linked to the phylogenetic background of one strain than to its ecological background [ 11 , 12 ]. A majority of NMEC [ 13 , 14 ] and highly virulent strains of APEC [ 15 , 16 ] belong to the phylogenetic group B2. In addition, APEC has a broad range of virulence factors, similar to NMEC strains, including outer membrane protein A (OmpA), type I fimbriae (FimH) [ 17 ], and ferric aerobactin receptor (IutA) [ 18 ], which give APEC more fitness and pathogenic advantages in mammals.…”

“…However, the percentages of pks + E. coli increased noticeably in extraintestinal infections, such as urinary tract infection [ 25 ], sepsis, pneumonia, and neonatal meningitis [ 26 ]. Pks island is strongly associated with E. coli of phylogroup B2 [ 2 , 23 ], which is the most common phylogroup of NMEC (67.92–78.8%) [ 27 , 28 ] and is related to the high pathogenicity of APEC [ 15 , 16 ]. The rate of E. col i carrying pks islands is also frequently associated with many important virulence factors for meningitis, such as adhesins, hemolysins, toxins, and siderophores [ 2 ].…”