Phylogenetic considerations of neurosecretory granule contents: Role of nucleotides and basic hormone/transmitter packaging mechanisms.

Payne, Claire M.

doi:10.1679/aohc.52.suppl_277

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 149 publications

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“…Secretory granules evolve from lysosomes and are thus known to possess some properties of lysosomes (Payne 1989). For example, mast cell granules store specific mediators (e.g., histamine and cytokines) (Kalesnikoff and Galli 2008) and they contain lysosomal proteins, including hexosaminidase (Lagunoff 1968;Lagunoff and Pritzl 1976;Schwartz and Austen 1980;Hammel et al 1993) and lysosome membrane proteins (LAMPs) (Grützkau et al 2004).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

VAMP8/Endobrevin is a critical factor for the homotypic granule growth in pancreatic acinar cells

et al. 2012

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The delivery of newly-formed secretory content to the granule inventory occurs through direct fusion of recently formed granules and mature granules. The introduction of knockout mice allowed us to investigate the characteristics of the delivery process and to determine the core protein machinery required for granule growth. The SNARE machinery mediates membrane fusion and is essential for the granule lifecycle. In the current work, we use VAMP8 knockout mice to show that the SNARE machinery plays a critical role in the process of granule homotypic fusion. Consistent with this, the mutated mouse pancreatic acinar secretory granules are significantly smaller compared to the control group, demonstrating few granule profiles that might be the result of homotypic fusion.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

VAMP8/Endobrevin is a critical factor for the homotypic granule growth in pancreatic acinar cells

et al. 2012

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“…In some cells, such as neurosecretory cells, most granules appear to be very small (volume < 0.004 μm 3 ) and comprise a single unit granule, and each granule typically contains a single secretory product ( e.g . a single neurotransmitter) [87–90]. The maintenance of a population of granules that is composed solely or primarily of very small granules may allow more precise control of neurotransmitter secretion than could be achieved if multiple size classes of granules were present.…”

Section: Functional Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of secretory granule size by the precise generation and fusion of unit granules

Hammel

Lagunoff

Galli

2010

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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Morphometric evidence derived from studies of mast cells, pancreatic acinar cells and other cell types supports a model in which the post-Golgi processes that generate mature secretory granules can be resolved into three steps: (1) fusion of small, Golgi-derived progranules to produce immature secretory granules which have a highly constrained volume; (2) transformation of such immature granules into mature secretory granules, a process often associated with a reduction in the maturing granule’s volume, as well as changes in the appearance of its content and (3) fusion of secretory granules of the smallest size, termed ‘unit granules’, forming granules whose volumes are multiples of the unit granule’s volume. Mutations which perturb this process can cause significant pathology. For example, Chediak–Higashi syndrome / lysosomal trafficking regulator (CHS)/(Lyst) mutations result in giant secretory granules in a number of cell types in human beings with the Chediak–Higashi syndrome and in ‘beige’ (Lystbg/Lystbg) mice. Analysis of the secretory granules of mast cells and pancreatic acinar cells in Lyst-deficient beige mice suggests that beige mouse secretory granules retain the ability to fuse randomly with other secretory granules no matter what the size of the fusion partners. By contrast, in normal mice, the pattern of granule–granule fusion occurs exclusively by the addition of unit granules, either to each other or to larger granules. The normal pattern of fusion is termed unit addition and the fusion evident in cells with CHS/Lyst mutations is called random addition. The proposed model of secretory granule formation has several implications. For example, in neurosecretory cells, the secretion of small amounts of cargo in granules constrained to a very narrow size increases the precision of the information conveyed by secretion. By contrast, in pancreatic acinar cells and mast cells, large granules composed of multiple unit granules permit the cells to store large amounts of material without requiring the amount of membrane necessary to package the same amount of cargo into small granules. In addition, the formation of mature secretory granules that are multimers of unit granules provides a mechanism for mixing in large granules the contents of unit granules which differ in their content of cargo.

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“…This material is formed from adenosine diphosphate (ADP) within the mitochondria and is the principal source of energy for the cell. Within the neuroendocrine granules, ATP acts to reduce osmolality, linking the peptide hormone molecules contained within the granules and acting as a buffer to stabilize their acidic contents 23 . Any mtDNA abnormality will lead to impaired ATP production and may then result in subsequent granule instability in these cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Charles Darwin returns to the dermatologist

Hayman

2011

Int J Dermatology

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Phylogenetic considerations of neurosecretory granule contents: Role of nucleotides and basic hormone/transmitter packaging mechanisms.

Cited by 16 publications

References 149 publications

VAMP8/Endobrevin is a critical factor for the homotypic granule growth in pancreatic acinar cells

VAMP8/Endobrevin is a critical factor for the homotypic granule growth in pancreatic acinar cells

Regulation of secretory granule size by the precise generation and fusion of unit granules

Charles Darwin returns to the dermatologist

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