Phylogenetic and phenotypic diversity of 4-chlorobenzoate-degrading bacteria isolated from soils

Yi, Haakrho; Min, Kyung-Hee; Kim, Chi-Kyung; Ka, Jong-Ok

doi:10.1111/j.1574-6941.2000.tb00671.x

Cited by 26 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Chlorobenzoate (CB) contamination occurs at many polluted sites due to the partial metabolism of polychlorinated biphenyls by microorganisms. Although CB degraders are widely distributed and microbially diverse even at uncontaminated sites [1–3], adequate degrader populations may not be present or metabolically active in some soils [4,5]. In these instances, it may be necessary to augment the contaminated soil with an exogenous degrader.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time PCR quantification of a green fluorescent protein-labeled, genetically engineeredPseudomonas putidastrain during 2-chlorobenzoate degradation in soil

Wang¹,

Gentry²,

Grass³

et al. 2004

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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The potential for real-time PCR (RTm-PCR) detection of the genetically engineered strain Pseudomonas putida GN2 was studied during 2-chlorobenzoate (2-CB) degradation in three different soils. The strain contained the constructed plasmid pGN2 which encoded genes for 2-CB oxidation (cbdA) and the green fluorescent protein (gfp). P. putida GN2 numbers were assessed by plating onto 2-CB minimal media and also by RTm-PCR detection of cbdA and gfp. Addition of P. putida GN2 decreased the time required to degrade 2-CB in all tested soils by more than 7 days. The RTm-PCR estimations of P. putida GN2 numbers strongly correlated with those obtained from plate count methods during active 2-CB degradation. However, after 2-CB degradation in the soils had ceased, RTm-PCR estimations of cbdA and gfp genes were generally one order of magnitude lower than those from plate counts. These results indicate the potential for RTm-PCR to rapidly determine degrader numbers in soil following bioaugmentation but also the need to exercise caution when attempting to determine cell numbers of degraders from the RTm-PCR quantification of plasmid encoded genes after substrate is depleted.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time PCR quantification of a green fluorescent protein-labeled, genetically engineeredPseudomonas putidastrain during 2-chlorobenzoate degradation in soil

Wang¹,

Gentry²,

Grass³

et al. 2004

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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“…Due to their pervasive presence (Adriaens and Focht, 1991a and b). because of their low toxicity, chlorobenzoates have been utilized as models to investigate the biodegradation of halogenated aromatic compounds and to shed light on the microbial methods involved in the release of chlorine substituents (Yi et al, 2000;Fritsche and Hofrichter, 2000). Bacteria exhibit a variety of activities, ranging from resistance to naturally toxic substances to sensitivity to even producing some of these substances, such as the biodegradation of organic pollutants.…”

Section: Review Article Biodegradation Of 2-chlorobenzoic Acid and It...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation of 2- Chlorobenzoic Acid and its other substitutes

AL-Quraishi¹

2022

J. basic appl. Res. Biomed.

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Because of the widespread use of these halogenated organic compounds in agriculture and industry, considerable quantities of these compounds' byproducts are discharged into the environment. These chemicals are known as halogenated pesticides. There is one group that, based on the chemical structures of these compounds, is thought to be the most tenacious and poisonous of all the groups. This group is known as the group. A. hydrophila, which was shown to be capable of utilising chlorobenzoate chemicals as a carbon and energy source, was isolated from wastewater treatment plant effluent in Petra, Jordan. Different biodegradation rates (4-chlorobenzoic acid, 5 M/hr; 3,4-dichlorobenzoic acid, 15.5 M/hr; 2-chlorobenzoic acid, 41 M/hr; 3-chlorobenzoic acid, 65 M/hr) were used to achieve these capacities. The release of chloride, the disappearance of the substrate, and finally the development of bacterial cells on these substrates were used to monitor the ability to degrade. Analyses of the ortho or meta ring-cleavage of these aromatic compounds were conducted on A. hydrophila dioxygenases that were physiologically activated by chlorobenzoic acid compounds. The fact that only one 2-dioxygenase activity was found suggests that the ortho route is used for the cleavage. The optimal conditions for 2-CBA chemical breakdown were 3 mM substrate concentration, 25 oC, pH 7, and 200 l inoculum size. Differently from how they affected chloride and cell mass synthesis, the carbon sources had an impact on the breakdown of 2-CBA. Utilized nitrogen sources decreased 2-CBA's ability to degrade and its ability to release chlorine. However, the biodegradation between the 40 and 80 hours was slightly enhanced by the nitrogen source L-proline.

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“…After growth in MSM with or without CM to produce cells with their CM metabolism induced or uninduced, respectively, cells were harvested, washed twice with an equal volume of 15 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), and resuspended in the same buffer (Yi et al 2000). Aliquots of the suspended cells were inoculated into flasks containing 200 ml of MSM with 300 lg/ml of CM at a final density at 550 nm of about 0.005.…”

Section: Axenic Culture Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Peptone-tryptone-yeast extract-glucose (PTYG) agar medium (Yi et al 2000) was used for bacterial purification and colony production for the PCR.…”

Section: Chemicalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and characterization of chlorpyrifos-methyl and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol degrading Burkholderia sp. strain KR100

Kim

Ahn

2008

Biodegradation

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A chlorpyrifos-methyl (CM) degrading bacterium (designated strain KR100) was isolated from a Korean rice paddy soil and was further tested for its sensitivity against eight commercial antibiotics. Based on morphological, biochemical, and molecular characteristics, this bacterium showed greatest similarity to members of the order Burkholderiales and was shown to be most closely related to members of the Burkholderia cepacia group. Strain KR100 hydrolyzed CM to 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP) and utilized TCP as the sole source of carbon for its growth. The isolate was also able to degrade chlorpyrifos, dimethoate, fenitrothion, malathion, and monocrotophos at 300 microg/ml but diazinon, dicrotophos, parathion, and parathion-methyl at 100 microg/ml. The ability to degrade CM was found to be encoded on a single plasmid of approximately 50 kb, pKR1. Genes encoding resistance to amphotericin B, polymixin B sulfate, and tetracycline were also located on the plasmid. This bacterium merits further study as a potential biological agent for the remediation of soil, water, or crop contaminated with organophosphorus compounds because of its greater biodegradation activity and its broad specificity against a range of organophosphorus insecticides.

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Phylogenetic and phenotypic diversity of 4-chlorobenzoate-degrading bacteria isolated from soils

Cited by 26 publications

References 26 publications

Real-time PCR quantification of a green fluorescent protein-labeled, genetically engineeredPseudomonas putidastrain during 2-chlorobenzoate degradation in soil

Real-time PCR quantification of a green fluorescent protein-labeled, genetically engineeredPseudomonas putidastrain during 2-chlorobenzoate degradation in soil

Biodegradation of 2- Chlorobenzoic Acid and its other substitutes

Identification and characterization of chlorpyrifos-methyl and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol degrading Burkholderia sp. strain KR100

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