Phylogenetic analysis of Japanese encephalitis virus: envelope gene based analysis reveals a fifth genotype, geographic clustering, and multiple introductions of the virus into the Indian subcontinent.

Uchil, Pradeep D.; Satchidanandam, Vijaya

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2001.65.242

Cited by 150 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…2,3 On the basis of nucleotide sequence information for the E gene, JEV has been divided into five genotypes. 4,5 Japanese encephalitis virus is a mosquito-borne virus and Culex tritaeniorhynchus mosquitoes are the most important vector of JEV in Japan. The virus exists in an enzootic cycle between mosquitoes and either pigs or birds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuity and Change of Japanese Encephalitis Virus in Toyama Prefecture, Japan

Obara¹,

Yamauchi²,

Watanabe³

et al. 2011

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. To determine the mechanisms of maintenance and evolution of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) in a temperate zone, we attempted to isolate JEV from mosquitoes and pigs in Toyama Prefecture, Japan. A total of 87 JEVs were isolated from female Culex tritaeniorhynchus mosquitoes and pigs during [2005][2006][2007][2008][2009]. The prevalence of JEV in Toyama Prefecture was seasonally late in comparison with that of the virus during 1966-1972. Furthermore, JEVs were isolated after the peak in the number of female Cx. tritaeniorhynchus . Among JEV strains isolated in this study, two distinct groups were observed within genotype I of the phylogeny generated from nucleotide sequence information derived from the envelope and capsid/premembrane genes: strains belonging to the major type were isolated during 2005-2009, and strains from the minor type were isolated only in 2007. The major type has exhibited gradual change in its envelope and capsid/ premembrane genes, and all isolates obtained in 2008 and 2009 had a novel deletion of seven nucleotides in the variable region of the 3′-untranslated region.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuity and Change of Japanese Encephalitis Virus in Toyama Prefecture, Japan

Obara¹,

Yamauchi²,

Watanabe³

et al. 2011

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Phylogenetic analyses based on nucleotide sequences of prME, NS1 and full length genes revealed that JEVs worldwide were classified into 5 genotypes (genotype 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5) (Solomon et al, 2003;Nitatpattana et al, 2008;Uchil and Satchidanandam, 2001). In this study, phylogenetic analysis based on the nucleotide sequences of the prME genes indicated that five commercial vaccine strains showed a close relationship with the Anyang 300 strain grouping the genotype 3.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Evaluation of Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine strains currently used in pigs by molecular characterization

Lee¹,

Yang²,

Kim³

et al. 2012

Korean Journal of Veterinary Service

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Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is one of the main causes of viral encephalitis in human and animals. For over 30 years, a live attenuated JEV vaccine strain has been used in the veterinary field, and it is required to conduct quality evaluation studies on the commercial vaccines. For the quality control of live attenuated JEV vaccine, we investigated the nucleotide sequence similarity of prME gene derived from five JEV vaccines commercially available in pigs in Korea. The Vero cells infected with JEV vaccines showed specific cytopathic effect, which was characterized by rounding and detached cells. In the phylogenetic analysis, all of the vaccine strains showed a close relationship with the original vaccine seed strain (Anyang 300) and clustered into the genotype 3. In comparison of the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of prME genes with the original strain, all JEV vaccine strains showed high amino acid similarity ranging from 98.9% to 99.5%, but had several point mutations, probably due to high mutation rates of viral RNA polymerase by several virus passages. Even though the current JEV vaccine strains have been maintained and produced for a long period of time, the genetic characterization of them have been rarely changed. However, since the mid 1990's, molecular epidemiology of JEV has been changed sharply from genotype 3 to genotype 1 in Korea, further studies on new vaccine strains to genotype 1 is required for more effective prevention in the field.

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“…The occurrence of JEV genotypes I and III in northern regions and II and IV in southern regions led to the proposal that different genotypes may explain the differing clinical epidemiology (Chen et al, 1990(Chen et al, , 1992. However, the recent arrival of a 'northern genotype I' isolate in Australia (Pyke et al, 2001), the observation that genotype III is associated with epidemic disease in northern Vietnam and endemic disease in southern Vietnam (Solomon et al, 2000a), and the idenitification of a putative V genotype (Uchil and Satchidanandam, 2001) suggest the current paradigm may need revising.…”

Section: Clinical Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Japanese Encephalitis

Solomon

2003

J. of Neurovirology

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Phylogenetic analysis of Japanese encephalitis virus: envelope gene based analysis reveals a fifth genotype, geographic clustering, and multiple introductions of the virus into the Indian subcontinent.

Cited by 150 publications

References 44 publications

Continuity and Change of Japanese Encephalitis Virus in Toyama Prefecture, Japan

Continuity and Change of Japanese Encephalitis Virus in Toyama Prefecture, Japan

Evaluation of Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine strains currently used in pigs by molecular characterization

Recent Advances in Japanese Encephalitis

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