Phylogenetic analysis of Saccharum s.l. (Poaceae; Andropogoneae), with emphasis on the circumscription of the South American species

Welker, Cassiano Aimberê Dorneles; Souza-Chies, Tatiana T.; Longhi-Wagner, Hilda María; Peichoto, Myriam Carolina; McKain, Michael R.; Kellogg, Elizabeth A.

doi:10.3732/ajb.1400397

Cited by 40 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…as successive sisters to the rest of Andropogoneae is consistent with the results of other studies (Giussani et al 2001;GPWG II 2012;Soreng et al 2015). Our data show that Arthraxon is monophyletic, in accord with other taxonomic and phylogenetic studies (BouchenakKhelladi et al 2008;Christin et al 2009;Teerawatananon et al 2011;Estep et al 2014;Kellogg 2015;Soreng et al 2015;Welker et al 2015). The species of Arthraxon display broadlanceolate to ovate leaves clasping the culm, and have an awn originating at the base of the fertile upper lemma in the sessile spikelet (Clayton 1972;Van Welzen 1981;Teerawatananon et al 2011).…”

Section: Systematic Botanysupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Prior to this study, Teerawatananon et al (2011), GPWG II (2012), Estep et al (2014), and Welker et al (2015Welker et al ( , 2016 also demonstrated that Pogonatherum is linked with subtribe Germainiinae (Germainia and Apocopis). Furthermore, the sister relationship of subtribe Sorghinae, represented here by Hemisorghum, Pseudosorghum, and Sorghum, to the core Andropogoneae was also verified in this study (Soreng et al 2015).…”

Section: Systematic Botanymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Core Andropogoneae-The core Andropogoneae has been widely accepted and retrieved in all phylogenetic studies to date, including analyses of nuclear genes such as PHYB (Mathews et al 2002), GBSSI (Mason-Gamer et al 1998;Mathews et al 2002), single-copy genes (Estep et al 2014;Welker et al 2015Welker et al , 2016, and ITS (Skendzic et al 2007), chloroplast genes such as ndhF (Giussani et al 2001;Mathews et al 2002) and trnL-F (Teerawatananon et al 2011), and combined data. Two clades are clearly found: 1) the group of Cymbopogon, Dichanthium, Heteropogon, and Themeda and 2) the group of Andropogon, Hyparrhenia, and Schizachyrium.…”

Section: Systematic Botanymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogenomics of Andropogoneae (Panicoideae: Poaceae) of Mainland Southeast Asia

et al. 2017

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Section: Systematic Botanysupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Systematic Botanymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Systematic Botanymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogenomics of Andropogoneae (Panicoideae: Poaceae) of Mainland Southeast Asia

et al. 2017

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“…Vetiveria Bory), Heteropogon Pers., and Iseilema. Welker et al (2015) in a sample study found Themeda and Heteropogon ending up together next to a clade with species of Bothriochloa Kuntze, Capillipedium Stapf, Dichanthium Willemet, and Iseilema.…”

Section: Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

A revision of Themeda (Gramineae) in Malesia with a new species from Laos

Veldkamp¹

2016

Blum - J Plant Tax and Plant Geog

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InTRoduCTIonThe genus Themeda Forssk. (Gramineae, Andropogoneae) has about 27 species in the (sub)tropical grasslands of the Old World (Clayton et al. 2014). Some giant species (up to 6 m tall) may be vegetation forming and dominate grass wildernesses nearly impenetrable because of their razor sharp leaves, while the pungent calli of the fertile spikelets penetrate clothing and skin. Still, with their huge, pendulous inflorescences they are quite decorative.Hackel (1889: 656) already complained "in nullo certe genere nomina specierum magis confusa quam in Anthistiria [= The meda]" ("Without any doubt [there is] no genus where the names of the species are more confused than in Anthistiria") and this is shown by the impressive synonymy, to which he himself significantly contributed, and was also experienced here. HISToRyForsskåhl (1775) described the genus with only Themeda tri andra. He derived the generic name from the Yemeni word Thaemed. According to an anonymous source on the internet this would allude to "a depression in which water lies after rain, subsequently drying in summer". The reason for the epithet is not clear, it is quite usual for a grass floret to have three stamens, while, alternatively, there are not three but four reduced spikelets forming an involucre in the partial inflorescence here.This was not the first species that was known to Western science. At least one was already described and depicted by Rumphius (1750): Gramen arguens Rumph., validated by Linnaeus (1762: 117) as Stipa arguens L.Another may be Calamagrostis Rumph. It is not certain whether it is a Themeda at all. Rumphius described it as a giant grass forming tussocks behind which one can hide, or dense shrubbery which can conceal wild animals. He compared it to his Arundo farcta [= Miscanthus floridulus (Labill.) Warb.] and 'siree', i.e. 'sereh', Lemongrass, Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf, but said it served no purpose at all. Local uses included that as of T. arguens and in decorative wedding arches. The illustration is rather crude, and it is no wonder that Linnaeus (1762: 65) cited it under Schoenus lithospermus L. (= Scleria lithosperma (L.) Sw., Cyperaceae). It was regarded as T. gi gantea by Merrill (1917). This is erroneous, as that species is a Philippine near-endemic. The only giant species of Themeda known to me from Ambon is T. villosa (Poir.) A.Camus var. polyantha (Brongn. ex Buse) Veldk.Another species cultivated in the Uppsala Botanical Garden with unknown provenance was described by Linnaeus (1771) as Andropogon nutans, a combination he already had used in 1753 for an American species, now Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash (Veldkamp 1984). In 1774 he renamed this to Andropogon quadrivalvis L.Houttuyn (1782) under Stipa arguens noted a curious grass that he had received from Thunberg collected in Japan, which in no way, he noted, could be the same as Linnaeus's species. He provided a beautiful illustration, but no name. His specimen is in G. Thunberg (1784a, b) described his duplicate in UPS as Andropogon ciliatum Thu...

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“…Saccharum s.s. includes only six species, two of which (S. robustum and S. spontaneum) are wild and four of which are cultivated and clonal (S. officinarum, S. edule, S. barberi, and S. sinense); the latter two are of hybrid origin (D'Hont et al 2002). Welker et al (2015) show that the type of Erianthus (E. giganteus) falls in the Saccharum clade and thus that the circumscription of Saccharum should be broadened to include at least some species of Erianthus. Hodkinson et al (2002) present data showing that Saccharum s.s. is monophyletic, and that this clade does not include either Narenga or Sclerostachya, which instead fall into Miscanthus.…”

Section: The Saccharum Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%

VIII. Subfamily Panicoideae Link (1827)

Kellogg

2015

Flowering Plants. Monocots

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Phylogenetic analysis of Saccharum s.l. (Poaceae; Andropogoneae), with emphasis on the circumscription of the South American species

Cited by 40 publications

References 41 publications

Phylogenomics of Andropogoneae (Panicoideae: Poaceae) of Mainland Southeast Asia

Phylogenomics of Andropogoneae (Panicoideae: Poaceae) of Mainland Southeast Asia

A revision of <I>Themeda</I> (<I>Gramineae</I>) in Malesia with a new species from Laos

VIII. Subfamily Panicoideae Link (1827)

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