Phylogenetic analysis based on mitochondrial COI gene sequences in Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in relation to reproductive forms and geographic distribution

Abstract

Thrips tabaci Lindeman is an extensively distributed pest insect that injures a wide range of crops. To investigate the intra-specific genetic diversity of this species, we analyzed an 810 bp region of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase gene subunit I (COI). Eight populations from six foreign countries and 18 Japanese populations were tested, and 17 different haplotypes were identified. Apparent differences were found between arrhenotokous and thelytokous strains in their COI sequences. A phylogenetic tree of the COI gene shows two distinct groups. We assume that these two groups correspond respectively to the arrhenotokous strain and the thelytokous strain. Japanese thelytokous types consisted of five haplotypes. Two haplotypes were identified from problematic populations in terms of the greater amount of damage they caused and the development of insecticide resistance. Both haplotypes were also found overseas, suggesting that some strains from overseas may have caused the above-mentioned problems in Japan.

Genetic and host-associated differentiation within Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and its links to Tomato spotted wilt virus-vector competence

“…Phylogenetic analysis of T. tabaci populations Phylogenetic analysis showed that, the Australian and European populations formed three distinct clades supported by high bootstrap values in accordance with those described by Brunner et al (2004) and Toda and Murai, (2007) (Figure 2). All Australian populations of T. tabaci from different hosts and from different geographical areas clustered within the 'L2' European clade of Brunner et al (2004) which contained thelytokous populations from leek from Switzerland, Greece and Bulgaria.…”

“…Brunner et al (2004) presented genetic evidence for a complex of at least three evolutionary lineages within European T. tabaci populations; two associated with leek and the third with tobacco hosts. These lineages were also found in comparisons of Japanese T. tabaci populations (Toda and Murai, 2007). These findings suggest an ancient origin for the three major phylogenetic lineages.…”

“…*known TSWV-vector competent populations. (Zawirska, 1976;Brunner et al, 2004;Toda and Murai, 2007) and provide a credible explanation for the highly variable results in many studies that have sought to determine the vector competence of T. tabaci, including those studies that concluded that this species is unable to transmit TSWV.…”

“…Our results show that differences in vector competence between populations occur within at least one of the three major evolutionary lineages, and not just between lineages. Toda and Murai, (2007) found 17 haplotypes of T. tabaci in Japan from across all three lineages proposed by Brunner et al (2004). Of these, five were thelytokous populations, and only six nucleotide substitutions separated these populations, with 1-4 polymorphic sites amongst the haplotypes.…”

Pyrethroid-resistant onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), infesting persimmon fruit

“…Thus, there is an apparently negative relationship between the resistance level to pyrethroids and that to organophosphates and neonycotinoids, although the difference in susceptibility between these populations might depend on crops and regions in which they occurred due to a difference in the insecticides applied. Toda and Murai (2007) conducted molecular phylogenetic analysis of T. tabaci based on the sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase gene subunit I (COI). Two strains, M2 and M6, and the ON population in the present study correspond to WaMo (haplotypes 15 and 16) and WaKo (haplotype 14) in Toda and Murai (2007), respectively.…”