Phyllosphere microbiology

Abstract

Aerial plant surfaces harbor large numbers of microbes, some of which are deleterious to plants whereas others are benign or beneficial. Commercial formulations of bacteria antagonistic to plant pathogenic microbes and ice nucleation active bacteria have been utilized as an environmentally safe method to manage plant disease and to prevent frost damage. Molecular genetic tools, microscopic examination and whole-cell bacterial biosensors have provided extensive information on these microbes, their complex associations and their habitat. The aerial habitat influenced by plants, termed the phyllosphere, is particularly amenable to studies of microbial ecology and the information gained should lead to more effective means of plant protection.

Production of a newly isolated Paenibacillus polymyxa biocontrol agent using monosodium glutamate wastewater and potato wastewater

“…Biocontrol agents have been used to protect plants against foliar diseases in several crops (Yuen and Schoneweis, 2007;Alvindia and Natsuaki, 2008;Perello et al, 2007). However, many of them are poor competitors for leaf surface nutrients compared with indigenous phyllosphere microbes (Zhang et al, 2008a;Brandl, 2003, Lindow andLeveau, 2002).…”

The impacts of cypermethrin pesticide application on the non-target microbial community of the pepper plant phyllosphere

“…The community composition of phyllosphere microbes are affected by many different factors including plant species, fluctuations in ambient temperature, changes to relative humidity, nutrient availability upon the plant surface and direct solar UV radiation (Lindow and Leveau, 2002). Phyllosphere microbes often have a direct positive influence in altering plant surface properties, where …”

“…The community composition of phyllosphere microbes are affected by many different factors including plant species, fluctuations in ambient temperature, changes to relative humidity, nutrient availability upon the plant surface and direct solar UV radiation (Lindow and Leveau, 2002). Phyllosphere microbes often have a direct positive influence in altering plant surface properties, where they may be involved in the fixation of nitrogen, promoting the growth of plants, the control of plant pathogens, or the degradation of organic pollutants (Kvasnikov et al, 1974;Murty, 1984;Hirano and Upper, 2000;Krechel et al, 2002;Krimm et al, 2005;Schreiber et al, 2005;Sandhu et al, 2007).…”

Métodos de isolamento de bactérias do filoplano de tomateiro visando populações específicas e implicações como agentes de biocontrole

“…Dentre os diversos agentes bióticos que podem ser utilizados em controle biológico, as bactérias do filoplano são uma alternativa ainda pouco explorada, principalmente quando comparadas às rizobactérias (Lindow & Leveau, 2002) e esta diferença se deve, em grande parte, às características do habitat onde cada um se encontra. A filosfera (Last, 1955;Ruinen, 1956) é um ambiente complexo que sofre variações intermitentes de umidade, temperatura, incidência de radiação, ventilação, composição e quantidade de nutrientes disponíveis (Andrews & Hirano, 1991;Wilson et al, 1999), o que dificulta o estabelecimento de populações no filoplano.…”