Phyllody Phytoplasma infecting Sesame (Sesamum indicum) in Myanmar

Abstract

Phyllody symptoms in sesame plants consisting of green leaf-like floral organs were collected from Yezin area, NayPyiTaw Division, Myanmar in January, 2010 and the etiological agent was investigated. By using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), phytoplasma was detected from the symptoms and termed sesame phyllody phytoplasma (SP-MYAN). Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of 16S rDNA products revealed that the diseased sesames were infected by phytoplasma belonging to the group 16SrI and subgroup 16SrI-B. Sequence analysis confirmed that SP-MYAN was a member of Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris and most closely related to that of sesame phyllody phytoplasma from India (99.6 % similarity, DQ431843), Ca. P. asteris strain. To our knowledge, this is the first report on molecular identification of 'Ca. P. asteris' affecting sesame crop in Myanmar.

Molecular analysis of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma aurantifolia’ associated with phytoplasma diseases in Myanmar

“…P. aurantifolia' (Akhtar et al 2010;Saqib et al 2006;Wilson et al 2001). The study here and by Win et al (2010) revealed that sesame plant in Myanmar is associated with two phytoplasma species, 'Ca. P. asteris' (AB558132, Win et al 2010) and 'Ca.…”

“…The study here and by Win et al (2010) revealed that sesame plant in Myanmar is associated with two phytoplasma species, 'Ca. P. asteris' (AB558132, Win et al 2010) and 'Ca. P. aurantifolia' (in this study).…”

Association of two groups of phytoplasma with various symptoms in some wooden and herbaceous plants

“…Sesame plants affected by phytoplasma showed symptoms of floral virescence, phyllody, stem fasciation, shortened internodes and cracking of seed capsules (Figure j). Sesame phyllody has been reported to be caused by different groups of phytoplasma, that is group 16SrI in India (Khan, Raj, & Snehi, ), Myanmar (Win, Back, & Jung, ) and South Korea (Lee et al., ); group 16SrII in India (Pamei & Makandar, ), Iran (Esmailzadeh‐Hosseini, Mirzaie, Jafari‐Nodooshan, & Rahimian, ), Oman (Al‐Sakeiti, Al‐Subhi, Al‐Saady, & Deadman, ), Pakistan (Akhtar et al., ), Taiwann (Tseng, Deng, Chang, Huang, & Jan, ), Thailand (Martini et al., ) and Turkey (Ikten et al., ); group 16SrVI in Turkey (Sertkaya, Martini, Musetti, & Osler, ); group 16SrIX in Iran (Salehi, Heydarnejad, & Izadpanah, ) and Turkey (Catal, Ikten, Yol, Ustun, & Uzun, ); and subgroup 16SrIX–C in Turkey (Ikten et al., ).…”

“…The symptoms of diseased pot marigold were phyllody and proliferation (Figure 2h, Sesame plants affected by phytoplasma showed symptoms of floral virescence, phyllody, stem fasciation, shortened internodes and cracking of seed capsules (Figure 2j). Sesame phyllody has been reported to be caused by different groups of phytoplasma, that is group 16SrI in India (Khan, Raj, & Snehi, 2007), Myanmar (Win, Back, & Jung, 2010) and South Korea (Lee et al, 2004); group 16SrII…”

Desert rose witches’ broom disease associated with ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma aurantifolia’

“…P. asteris' (sesame phyllody-SP; AB558132) (Win et al 2010) and 'Ca. P. aurantifolia' (sunn hemp witches' broom-ShWB; AB558143) (Win et al 2011).…”