Phyllanthus emblica: a comprehensive review of its phytochemical composition and pharmacological properties

Abstract

Phyllanthus emblica Linn, a prominent member of the euphorbiaceae family, exhibits extensive distribution across a multitude of tropical and subtropical nations. Referred to as “Balakka” in Indonesia, this plant assumes various names across regions, such as “kimalaka,” “balakka,” “metengo,” “malaka,” and “kemloko” in North Sumatra, Ternate, Sundanese, and Java respectively. Phyllanthus emblica thrives in tropical locales like Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand, while also making its presence felt in subtropical regions like India, China, Uzbekistan, and Sri Lanka. The fruits of Balakka are enriched with bioactive constituents recognized for their wide-ranging benefits, including antioxidant, anti-aging, anti-cholesterol, anti-diabetic, immunomodulatory, antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, chemoprotective, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, antimutagenic, and antimicrobial properties. Comprising a spectrum of phenolic compounds (such as tannins, phenolic acids, and flavonoids), alkaloids, phytosterols, terpenoids, organic acids, amino acids, and vitamins, the bioactive components of Malacca fruit offer a diverse array of health-promoting attributes. In light of these insights, this review aims to comprehensively examine the pharmacological activities associated with P. emblica and delve into the intricate composition of its phytochemical constituents.

Genome assembly provides insights into the genome evolution of Baccaurea ramiflora Lour.

“…In this study, the phylogenetic tree of gene families was constructed for seven species, i.e., B. ramiflora , R. communis , M. esculenta , H. brasiliensis , J. curcas , P. euphratica , and A. thaliana . The results revealed that B. ramiflora grouped into two clades with species from the Euphorbiaceae family, consistent with previous phylogenetic studies 45 , 46 . The divergence time between B. ramiflora and Euphorbiaceae species indicated a close relationship between B. ramiflora and P. euphratica within the Euphorbiaceae family as sister groups.…”

Evaluation of the Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Cytotoxicity Against MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell Lines of <i>Phyllanthus emblica</i> L. Bark Extract

“…The total antioxidant capacity estimated in aqueous extract was 75.10% and ethanol extract content was 86.06%. Hence it is evident that the bark consists of high antioxidant content in the ethanolic sample, the P. emblica extract in rats showed a dose-dependent decrease in levels of oxidative damage 29,30 .…”

“…The supernatant was bought from a pre-weighed vial and allowed to evaporate. Then the purified extract from preparative TLC was evaluated for antibacterial efficacy against selected bacterial pathogens using the well diffusion method 25 .…”

“…One well-known member of the Euphorbiaceous family, Phyllanthus emblica is mostly distributed throughout many tropical areas and subtropical region countries 1 . In quickly-dried bark, we can find more tannin than slowly-dried bark.…”

Study of Synthesis ,Characterisation and Antibacterial activity of Silver nanoparticles derived from roots of Phyllanthus emblica.

“…Amla is itself known for its beneficial properties like it is high in Vitamin -C .It helps in healing scurvy . It also has many other medicinal properties such as antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant properties [12][13][14][15][16] . Amla fruit is consumed in Indian diet in forms of pickles, juices , candies etc.…”