Phthalate levels in urine of pregnant women and their associated missed abortion risk

He, Junbing; Chang, K. C. K.; Li, Sha; Ji, Jingru; Liu, Liangpo; Feng, Yi; Wei, Junni

doi:10.1016/j.repbio.2020.100476

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The comparison between the urinary levels of this survey and our findings showed the same order of magnitude for MEP (median of 15.6 µg/g of creatinine vs. 13.26 µg/g of creatinine) and a three-times-higher concentration for MnBP (median 45.4 µg/g of creatinine vs. 16.29 µg/g of creatinine). Similar findings were obtained by He et al [67] in a case-control study of 123 women with pregnancy loss and 148 controls. Prenatal phthalates exposure contributed to an increased risk of abortion, in particular for the mono-methylphthalate (MMP) (OR = 2.85, 95% CI 1.34-6.05, in the fourth quartile of concentration).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Female Reproductive Health and Exposure to Phthalates and Bisphenol A: A Cross Sectional Study

Caporossi

Viganò

Paci

et al. 2021

Toxics

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The xenoestrogenicity of some plasticisers (phthalates and bisphenol A) is documented in the literature and may pose a risk to female reproductive health. The aim of this study was to assess exposure to six phthalates. This was achieved by measuring their respective metabolites (mono-ethylphthalate (MEP); mono-n-butylphthalate (MnBP); mono-n-ottylphthalate (MnOP); and monobenzylphthalate (MBzP)), as well as the sum of two of the diethyl-hexyl phthalate metabolites-(∑DEHP) and bisphenol A (BPA) in a female population with infertility problems, and by conducting a correlation analysis between infertility factors, work activities, and lifestyle habits, in order to formulate a causal hypothesis. A cross-sectional epidemiological study was carried out and women under 43 years of age were recruited from an assisted reproduction technology (ART) center; the sample of 186 women was given a specific questionnaire and a spot urine sample was collected. Phthalate metabolites and urinary BPA were analyzed by HPLC/MS/MS. The results showed significantly higher mean values for MEP in women with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) (820.5 ± 1929.5 µg/g of creatinine) and idiopathic infertility (230.0 ± 794.2 µg/g of creatinine) than in women with other infertility factors (76.9 ± 171.8 µg/g of creatinine). Similarly, for MnOP levels, women with idiopathic infertility (2.95 ± 3.44 µg/g of creatinine) showed significantly higher values than women with the other infertility factors taken together (1.35 ± 2.05 µg/g of creatinine). Women with tubal factors of infertility, RPL, and endocrine dysfunctions show higher values of DEHP (p = 0.032). Considering occupations, women working in commerce showed more than twice as much urinary BPA levels (1.10 ± 0.48 µg/g of creatinine) compared to women working in other industries (0.45 ± 0.35 µg/g of creatinine). The presence of significantly higher values of certain phthalates, DEHP in particular, especially in women with RPL and idiopathic infertility, suggests a possible involvement of these compounds as competing factors in reproductive issues. The study of sources of exposure suggested that the working activity in trade, as a casher in particular, represents a major one for BPA (p = 0.015).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Female Reproductive Health and Exposure to Phthalates and Bisphenol A: A Cross Sectional Study

Caporossi

Viganò

Paci

et al. 2021

Toxics

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“…Current research shows that missed abortion is mainly caused by four factors: embryonic factors (chromosome abnormalities), maternal factors (systemic diseases, abnormal reproductive organs, endocrine abnormalities, unhealthy lifestyle, and abnormal immune function), paternal factors (sperm chromosome abnormalities), and environmental factors ( Segawa et al, 2017 ; Zhao et al, 2017 ; Fang et al, 2018 ; Fu et al, 2018 ; Yang et al, 2021a ; Gong et al, 2021 ; He et al, 2021 ; Liu et al, 2022 ). Though embryonic chromosome abnormalities have been reported to be the most common cause of missed abortions, previous studies have mainly focused on embryonic chromosome abnormalities of missed abortions, with very few studies reporting that of non-missed abortion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How many missed abortions are caused by embryonic chromosomal abnormalities and what are their risk factors?

Kang

Yin

et al. 2023

Front. Genet.

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Introduction: Though embryonic chromosome abnormalities have been reported to be the most common cause of missed abortions, previous studies have mainly focused on embryonic chromosome abnormalities of missed abortions, with very few studies reporting that of non-missed abortion. Without chromosome studies of normal abortion samples, it is impossible to determine the risk factors of embryo chromosome abnormalities and missed abortion. This study aimed to investigate the maternal and embryonic chromosome characteristics of missed and non-missed abortion, to clarify the questions that how many missed abortions are caused by embryonic chromosomal abnormalities and what are their risk factors.Material and methods: This study was conducted on 131 women with missed or non-missed abortion from the Longitudinal Missed Abortion Study (LoMAS). Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the association between maternal covariates and embryonic chromosomal abnormalities and missed abortions. Data on the characteristics of women with abortions were collected.Results: The embryonic chromosome abnormality rate was only 3.9% in non-missed abortion embryos, while it was 64.8% in missed-abortion embryos. Assisted reproductive technology and prior missed abortions increased the risk of embryonic chromosome abnormalities by 1.637 (95% CI: 1.573, 4.346. p = 0.010) and 3.111 (95% CI: 1.809, 7.439. (p < 0.001) times, respectively. In addition, as the age increased by 1 year, the risk of embryonic chromosome abnormality increased by 14.4% (OR: 1.144, 95% CI: 1.030, 1.272. p = 0.012). Moreover, advanced age may lead to different distributions of chromosomal abnormality types.Conclusion: Nearly two-thirds of missed abortions are caused by embryonic chromosomal abnormalities. Moreover, advanced age, assisted reproductive technology, and prior missed abortions increase the risk of embryonic chromosomal abnormalities.

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“…al.that increases of the log-transformed urinary MMP concentration increased the risk of miscarriage by 49%(J He et al, 2021)…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal urine phthalate metabolite exposure and miscarriage risk: a nested case–control study of the Zunyi Birth Cohort

Wang

et al. 2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Phthalates (PAEs) are widespread persistent organic pollutants and endocrine disruptors. Exposure to certain phthalate metabolites can increase miscarriage risk, but the associations between PAE exposure and the risk of miscarriage in humans are unclear. In addition, an insu cient number of studies have evaluated the possible threshold or dose-dependent effects of rst-trimester PAE exposure on miscarriage risk. In a nested case-control study of the Zunyi Birth Cohort, we compared 150 pregnancies ending in miscarriage and 150 pregnancies with live births as controls. The levels of mono-methyl phthalate (MMP), mono-ethyl phthalate, mono-isobutyl phthalate, MiBP mono-butyl phthalate (MBP), mono-octyl phthalate, mono-benzyl phthalate, mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate, and mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP) in maternal urine collected in early gestation were measured. We estimated the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% con dence intervals (CIs) for miscarriage and each PAE as a continuous variable or quartile. Sensitivity analysis and multiple adjustments were performed on the results. A restrictive cubic spline was used to assess dose-dependent effects after controlling for maternal characteristics (e.g., age, educational level). This study identi ed monotonically increasing dose-dependent effects of MEHHP and MMP on the risk of miscarriage. The largest effect estimates were approximately 3-4-fold higher for the highest MBP (OR = 2.57; 95% CI = 1.32-5.01) or MMP quartile (OR = 3.57; 95% CI = 1.82-7.00) and 2-fold higher for the highest MEHHP quartile (OR = 2.12; 95% CI = 1.10-4.11. Our research preliminarily obtained possible thresholds, for the risk of miscarriage, and the corresponding concentrations of MBP, MEHHP, and MMP were approximately 18.07, 2.38, and 0.80 µg/g Cr, respectively. First-trimester exposure to MBP, MEHHP, and MMP exceeding certain thresholds increases the risk of miscarriage. Thus, strong caution is needed, and preventative and control strategies are required to reduce the risk of PAE exposure.

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Phthalate levels in urine of pregnant women and their associated missed abortion risk

Cited by 8 publications

References 46 publications

Female Reproductive Health and Exposure to Phthalates and Bisphenol A: A Cross Sectional Study

Female Reproductive Health and Exposure to Phthalates and Bisphenol A: A Cross Sectional Study

How many missed abortions are caused by embryonic chromosomal abnormalities and what are their risk factors?

Maternal urine phthalate metabolite exposure and miscarriage risk: a nested case–control study of the Zunyi Birth Cohort

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