Phthalate exposure increases subclinical atherosclerosis in young population

Su, Ta‐Chen; Hwang, Jing-Shiang; Torng, Pao-Ling; Wu, Chunchi; Lin, Chien‐Yu; Sung, Fung‐Chang

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2019.04.006

Cited by 43 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…For example, it has been found that exposures to DEHP and MEP metabolites were associated with lower SBP (but not DBP) in the girls aged four to seven years [ 50 ]. Su et al showed that BMI, DBP, BP, diabetes mellitus, FBS, and TG were associated with increased levels of MEHP among young people, which is in agreement with our findings [ 51 ]. Another study demonstrated that phthalate compounds had positive relationships with BP, but not TG or HDL, in children and adolescents [ 52 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Relationship of Urinary Phthalate Metabolites with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Oxidative Stress Markers in Children and Adolescents

Hashemi

Amin

Chavoshani

et al. 2021

Journal of Environmental and Public Health

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Introduction. Studies have proved that exposure of adults to phthalates might be related to cardiometabolic risk factors and changes in markers of oxidative stress. Such studies conducted on school-age children and adolescents are limited and fail to assess the simultaneous effect of phthalates on these risk factors and oxidative stress markers. Therefore, it was attempted to identify the relationship of urinary phthalate metabolites with cardiometabolic risk factors and oxidative stress markers in children and adolescents. Methods. In this cross-sectional study, 108 children and adolescents, living in Isfahan industrial city of Iran, were examined. Urine samples taken from the participants were analyzed for mono-butyl phthalate (MBP), mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP), mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP), mono-(2-ethyl-5-exohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP), and mono-methyl phthalate (MMP). Results. Results showed that, among phthalate metabolites, MBP had the highest concentration, followed by MBzP, MEOHP, MEHHP, MEHP, and MMP. Concentrations of these metabolites had a significant relationship with some of the cardiometabolic risk factors including systolic blood pressure (SBP), fasting blood sugar (FBS), and triglycerides (TG) ( p < 0.05). Furthermore, the crude and adjusted linear regression models indicated the significant association of phthalate metabolites with superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) ( p < 0.05). Conclusion. Although urinary phthalate concentrations could not exactly reflect the long-term exposure level in the studied age groups, the consumption of phthalate-free products during childhood and adolescent development shall be assumed helpful in maintaining a healthy lifestyle. To confirm these findings and develop effective intervention strategies, it would be necessary to perform longitudinal studies on diverse population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Relationship of Urinary Phthalate Metabolites with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Oxidative Stress Markers in Children and Adolescents

Hashemi

Amin

Chavoshani

et al. 2021

Journal of Environmental and Public Health

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“…Previous in vivo animal studies reported that mice treated with DEHP through stimulating low-density lipoprotein oxidation presented with aggravated prognosis of hyperlipidemia, systemic inflammation, and atherosclerosis [45]. Our previous epidemiologic research reported that such link existed in young people, as we reported that DEHP and DnBP exposure was directly associated with increased risk of subclinical atherosclerosis, as well as coronary heart disease [27,46]. The results of our present study showed the aforementioned manifestations may be partially attributable to the increase in serum levels of EMPs and PMPs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…The first-void urine samples in the morning were collected from all participants to analyze urinary metabolites of phthalates, including MEHP, mono(ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP), mono(2-ethly-5-oxoheyl) phthalate (MEOHP), and MnBP. The urine samples were quantitatively analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS); the detailed methods were the same as our previous study [27]. Internal quality control was performed applying pooled quality control urines and external quality assurance was assessed using the German External Quality Assessment Scheme for Biological Monitoring (G-EQUAS).…”

Section: Analysis Of Urine Phthalate Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Urinary Phthalate Metabolites and Markers of Endothelial Dysfunction in Adolescents and Young Adults

Chu

2021

Toxics

Self Cite

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Endothelial function is crucial in the pathogenesis of circulatory and cardiovascular toxicity; epidemiologic research investigating the association between phthalate exposure and endothelial dysfunction remains limited. We examined the associations between exposures to specific phthalates (di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, DEHP; di-n-butyl phthalate, DnBP) and circulating endothelial and platelet microparticles (EMPs and PMPs) in adolescents and young adults. Of the 697 participants recruited, anthropometric measurements and health-related behaviors relevant to cardiovascular risks were collected and assessed. Urine and serum were collected and analyzed with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and flow cytometry. Multiple linear regression indicated that increases in urinary concentrations of ΣDEHP and MnBP (mono-n-butyl phthalate), across quartiles, were positively associated with serum EMPs level (p for trend <0.001 and <0.001; β = 0.798 and 0.007; standard error = 0.189 and 0.001, respectively). Moreover, female and overweight subjects had higher MnBP, and males were more vulnerable to DnBP exposure compared to females. In conclusion, our results demonstrate a dose-response relationship between exposures to phthalates (ΣDEHP and MnBP) and microparticle formation (EMPs and PMPs) in adolescents and young adults. The findings indicate that exposures to phthalates of both low and high-molecular weight are positively associated with microparticle production, and might contribute to endothelial dysfunction; such damage might manifest in the form of atherosclerotic-related vascular diseases. Future in vivo and in vitro studies are warranted to elucidate whether a causal relationship exists between phthalate exposure and EMPs and PMPs.

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“…Urinary metabolites of DEHP and DBP were found to be significantly associated with carotid intima-media thickness, an indicator of the development of atherosclerosis. Besides, body mass index, diastolic BP, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and levels of fasting glucose and triglycerides were all associated with increased levels of MEHP, suggesting that exposure to DEHP is linked to several cardiovascular risk factors that can lead to atherosclerosis [ 78 ].…”

Section: Human Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phthalates Implications in the Cardiovascular System

Mariana

Cairrão

2020

JCDD

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Today’s sedentary lifestyle and eating habits have been implicated as some of the causes of the increased incidence of several diseases, including cancer and cardiovascular diseases. However, environmental pollutants have also been identified as another possible cause for this increase in recent decades. The constant human exposure to plastics has been raising attention regarding human health, particularly when it comes to phthalates. These are plasticizers used in the manufacture of industrial and consumer products, such as PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) plastics and personal care products, with endocrine-disrupting properties, as they can bind molecular targets in the body and interfere with hormonal function. Since these compounds are not covalently bound to the plastic, they are easily released into the environment during their manufacture, use, or disposal, leading to increased human exposure and enhancing health risks. In fact, some studies have related phthalate exposure with cardiovascular health, having already shown a positive association with the development of hypertension and atherosclerosis in adults and some cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents. Therefore, the main purpose of this review is to present and relate the most recent studies concerning the implications of phthalates effects on the cardiovascular system.

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Phthalate exposure increases subclinical atherosclerosis in young population

Cited by 43 publications

References 30 publications

Relationship of Urinary Phthalate Metabolites with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Oxidative Stress Markers in Children and Adolescents

Relationship of Urinary Phthalate Metabolites with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Oxidative Stress Markers in Children and Adolescents

Association between Urinary Phthalate Metabolites and Markers of Endothelial Dysfunction in Adolescents and Young Adults

Phthalates Implications in the Cardiovascular System

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