Phthalate esters (PAEs): Emerging organic contaminants in agricultural soils in peri-urban areas around Guangzhou, China

Zeng, Feng; Cui, Kunyan; Xie, Zhiyong; Wu, Lifu; Liu, Min; Sun, Guoxin; Lin, Yujun; Luo, Dan; Zeng, Zunxiang

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2008.01.045

Cited by 231 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…DnOP also exhibited elevated levels in our soils with a mean concentration of 0.22 AE 0.33 mg kg À1 , and this may have been derived from fertilizers, sediments and plastic film (Cai et al, 2007;Mo et al, 2008) and also from emission sources from the polymer industry and the production of vinyl flooring, synthetic leather, inks, adhesives and food products (Hens and Caballos, 2003;Kong et al, 2012). Longer/branching alkyl chain PAEs such as DnBP, BBP, DnOP and DEHP have been widely used as plasticizers in the polymer industry to increase the flexibility, workability and general handling properties of plastics and about 80% of all phthalates are used for this purpose (Hens and Caballos, 2003;Zeng et al, 2008Zeng et al, , 2009. By 2002, the global production of DEHP and DBP had reached 394 and 134 thousand tons, respectively (Xu et al, 2008).…”

Section: Pae Concentrations In Suburban Vegetable Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Levels of PAEs in agricultural soils on the Leizhou Peninsula and at Hangzhou were similar to each other (Guan et al, 2007;Chen et al, 2011). The lowest PAE concentrations reported in China have been found at Nanchang (Xiong et al, 2008) and the highest at Guangdong (Cai et al, 2005;Zeng et al, 2008;Zhang et al, 2009;Li et al, 2010). The different stages of economic development of these two regions might be the main explanation for the difference in their soil PAE concentrations (Kong et al, 2012).…”

Section: Comparison With Soil Pae Concentrations In Other Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result of their large-scale production and widespread application, PAEs can enter into the environment during the manufacture, use and disposal of plastics (Kong et al, 2012). Numerous studies have revealed the presence of PAEs in various environmental media such as water (Xie et al, 2007), air , sediments Srivastava et al, 2010) and soils (Ma et al, 2003;Zeng et al, 2008;Kong et al, 2012), and they have also been detected in epoxidized soybean oil, soft spreadable cheese, sauces, and peanut butter (Pedersen et al, 2008) and in many types of vegetable (Fu and Du, 2011). DnBP, DEHP, butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), diethyl phthalate (DEP) and diheptyl phthalate have endocrine disruptive effects in vivo (Hens and Caballos, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Urbanization and industrial modifications of the environment in China interact strongly with agricultural production (Khai et al, 2007;Zeng et al, 2008) and land use in suburban areas has changed from paddy fields to more economically lucrative intensive vegetable systems. Many agricultural soils have been severely degraded by agricultural activities and urban development (Zeng et al, 2009;Gu et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of large amounts of agricultural plastic film and fertilizers containing PAEs in intensive vegetable cultivation might increase the health risk of PAEs through the food chain Pedersen et al, 2008;Kong et al, 2012). High levels of PAEs in agricultural soils have already been reported in the Pearl River Delta (Cai et al, 2005;Zeng et al, 2008;Zhang et al, 2009) and northeast China (Xu et al, 2008). The respective mean concentrations of DnBP and DEHP found in greenhouse soils were 1.63 and 1.96 mg kg À1 in Jinan, Shandong province (Meng et al, 1996), 0.60 and 0.63 mg kg À1 in Beijing (Ma et al, 2003), 15.5 and 4.61 mg kg À1 in Handan, Hebei province (Xu et al, 2008) and 0.21 and 1.48 mg kg À1 in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province (Chen et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil contamination by phthalate esters in Chinese intensive vegetable production systems with different modes of use of plastic film

Wang

Luo

Teng

et al. 2013

Environmental Pollution

306

127

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a b s t r a c tThe concentrations of six priority phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in intensively managed suburban vegetable soils in Nanjing, east China, were analyzed using gas chromatographyemass spectrometry (GCeMS). The total PAE concentrations in the soils ranged widely from 0.15 to 9.68 mg kg À1 with a median value of 1.70 mg kg À1 , and di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP) were the most abundant phthalate esters. Soil PAE concentrations depended on the mode of use of plastic film in which PAEs were incorporated as plasticizing agents and both the plastic film and poultry manure appeared to be important sources of soil PAEs. Vegetables in rotation with flooded rice led to lower concentrations of PAEs in soil. The results indicate that agricultural plastic film can be an important source of soil PAE contamination and further research is required to fully elucidate the mechanisms of PAE contamination of intensive agricultural soils with different use modes of use of plastic film.Crown

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Section: Pae Concentrations In Suburban Vegetable Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison With Soil Pae Concentrations In Other Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Soil contamination by phthalate esters in Chinese intensive vegetable production systems with different modes of use of plastic film

Wang

Luo

Teng

et al. 2013

Environmental Pollution

306

127

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Di‐(2‐Ethylhexyl) Phthalate as a Chemical Indicator for Phthalic Acid Esters: An Investigation into Phthalic Acid Esters in Cultivated Fields and E‐Waste Dismantling Sites

Liu

Peng

Lin

et al. 2019

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) represent an ongoing pollution problem and have attracted extensive attention due to their ubiquitous presence in the environment. We investigated the distribution of 6 PAEs (benzyl butyl phthalate [BBP], dibutyl phthalate [DBP], di‐(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate [DEHP], diethyl phthalate [DEP], dimethyl phthalate [DMP], and di‐n‐octyl phthalate [DnOP]) in cultivated soils, including vegetable fields and paddy fields, as well as the soils of E‐waste dismantling sites. We also explored the relationship between the particle size of soils and the distribution of PAEs, put forward a novel method to forecast the occurrence and fate of PAEs in soils with DEHP used as a chemical indicator, and made a preliminary assessment of the potential ecological risks of the 6 target compounds in soils. The results showed that the detection rate of target PAEs was 100%, and that the concentrations of ∑6PAEs ranged from 1.2 to 7.3 mg/kg in vegetable fields, 1.2 to 1.5 mg/kg in paddy fields, and 11.8 to 17.9 mg/kg in E‐waste dismantling sites. In addition, DEHP exhibited the maximum concentrations (0.480–15.34 mg/kg) in all soil samples. The results also showed that in the wake of decreasing particle size, increasing soil organic carbon would enhance the sorption of PAEs in soils. Moreover, the correlation formula of DEHP successfully predicted the concentrations of other PAEs and ∑ 6PAEs in soils, suggesting that DEHP could be a dependable chemical indicator for forecasting the environmental occurrence of PAEs in soils. Based on the residual levels in the trial sites and limited toxicity data, high risks to soil organisms are expected for DBP, DEP, and DEHP, and low–medium risks for BBP, DnOP, and DMP. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;00:1–11. © 2019 SETAC

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Identifying Chemicals and Mixtures of Potential Biological Concern Detected in Passive Samplers from Great Lakes Tributaries Using High‐Throughput Data and Biological Pathways

Alvarez

Corsi

DeCicco

et al. 2021

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Water-borne contaminants were monitored in 69 tributaries of the Laurentian Great Lakes in 2010 and 2014 using semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs), and This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. Accepted Articlepolar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS). A risk-based screening approach was used to prioritize chemicals and chemical mixtures, identify sites at greatest risk for biological impacts, and identify potential hazards to monitor at those sites. Analyses included 185 chemicals (143 detected) including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), legacy and current-use pesticides, fire retardants, pharmaceuticals, fragrances, and others. Hazard quotients were calculated by dividing detected concentrations by biological effect concentrations reported in the ECOTOX Knowledgebase (Toxicity quotients, TQs) or ToxCast database (Exposure Activity Ratios, EARs). Mixture effects were estimated by summation of EAR values for chemicals that influence ToxCast assays with common gene targets. Nineteen chemicals, including atrazine, DEET, di(2ethylhexyl)phthalate, dl-menthol, galaxolide, p-tert-octylphenol, three organochlorine pesticides, three PAHs, four pharmaceuticals, and three phosphate flame retardants, had TQs greater than 0.1 or EARs for individual chemicals (EAR chem ) greater than 10 -3 at 10% or more of the sites monitored. An additional four chemicals (tributyl phosphate, triethyl citrate, benz(a)anthracene, and benzo(b)fluoranthene) were present in mixtures with EAR (EAR mixture ) greater than 10 -3 . To evaluate potential apical effects and biological endpoints to monitor in exposed wildlife, in vitro bioactivity data were compared to adverse outcome pathway (AOP) and gene ontology information. Endpoints and effects associated with endocrine disruption, alterations in xenobiotic metabolism, and potentially neuronal development would be relevant to monitor at the priority sites.The EAR threshold exceedance for many chemical classes was correlated with urban land cover and wastewater effluent influence, while herbicides and fire retardants were also correlated to agricultural land cover.

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Phthalate esters (PAEs): Emerging organic contaminants in agricultural soils in peri-urban areas around Guangzhou, China

Cited by 231 publications

References 51 publications

Soil contamination by phthalate esters in Chinese intensive vegetable production systems with different modes of use of plastic film

Soil contamination by phthalate esters in Chinese intensive vegetable production systems with different modes of use of plastic film

Di‐(2‐Ethylhexyl) Phthalate as a Chemical Indicator for Phthalic Acid Esters: An Investigation into Phthalic Acid Esters in Cultivated Fields and E‐Waste Dismantling Sites

Identifying Chemicals and Mixtures of Potential Biological Concern Detected in Passive Samplers from Great Lakes Tributaries Using High‐Throughput Data and Biological Pathways

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