Phreatic Water Quality Assessment and Associated Hydrogeochemical Processes in an Irrigated Region Along the Upper Yellow River, Northwestern China

Liu, Fei; Zhao, Zhipeng; Yang, Lei; Ma, Yuxue; Li, Bingliang; Gong, Liang; Liu, Haiyan

doi:10.3390/w12020463

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…> 0.4) and samples from the Ribeirópolis reservoir reached the limit line of the weathering region. This displacement can be caused by increased weathering and/or evaporation, leading to a greater relative abundance of Na + (Marandi & Shand, 2018;Liu et al, 2020b). Evaporation effects are probably more pronounced at the Macela and Ribeirópolis reservoirs, since they were built thirty years before Jacarecica I, and their waters being less used due to the high TDS concentrations.…”

Section: Reservoir Hydrogeochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrogeochemical characterization of reservoir waters undergoing salinization processes in Northeastern Brazil

Alves

Lima

Dória

et al. 2021

RBRH

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The geochemical processes that potentially control the chemical characteristics of the waters of three reservoirs located in the state of Sergipe, Northeastern Brazil, were evaluated using the Gibbs diagram, correlation analysis, ionic ratios and geochemical modeling. The results of the reverse geochemical modeling applied between two water samples from each reservoir were in agreement with the observations of the correlation analysis and ionic ratios, which indicated sea salt dissolution, silicate weathering and, to a lesser extent, carbonate dissolution, as the main geochemical processes responsible for the chemical characteristics of the waters of the three reservoirs, also confirming the importance of ion exchange for the Macela and Ribeirópolis reservoirs. These findings therefore suggest that the growing salinization process of the reservoirs is mainly controlled by water-rock interactions and may also be influenced by contributions from evaporation and anthropogenic inputs.

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Section: Reservoir Hydrogeochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ionic ratios in the hydrochemical data have been widely applied to provide an insight into the hydrogeochemical processes controlling the water ionic composition. (Merchán et al, 2015;Barzegar et al, 2018;Guo et al, 2018;Zhang et al, 2018;Jia et al, 2020;Liu et al, 2020b).…”

Section: Reservoir Hydrogeochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogeochemical characterization of reservoir waters undergoing salinization processes in Northeastern Brazil

Alves

Lima

Dória

et al. 2021

RBRH

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“…The ion balance error for all groundwater samples ranged from 1 to 6.2%. Water Quality Index (WQI) is a useful method that has been widely used for assessing groundwater quality for drinking water use, with reference to hydro-geochemical parameters and heavy metal pollution [34]. The index provides a single number that is considered as an overall quality index of a sampled water.…”

Section: Sample Collection and Analytical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Heavy Metal Content and Modified Water Quality Index to Assess Groundwater Quality in a Semiarid Area

Maskooni

Naseri-Rad

Berndtsson

et al. 2020

Water

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Groundwater is a major source of drinking and agricultural water supply in arid and semiarid regions. Poor groundwater quality can be a threat to human health especially when it is combined with hazardous pollutants like heavy metals. In this study, an innovative method involving entropy weighted groundwater quality index for both physicochemical and heavy metal content was used for a semiarid region. The entropy weighted index was used to assess the groundwater’s suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes. Thus, groundwater from 19 sampling sites was used for analyses of physicochemical properties (electrical conductivity—EC, pH, K+, Ca2+, Na+, SO42−, Cl−, HCO3−, TDS, NO3−, F−, biochemical oxygen demand—BOD, dissolved oxygen—DO, and chemical oxygen demand—COD) and heavy metal content (As, Ca, Sb, Se, Zn, Cu, Ba, Mn, and Cr). To evaluate the overall pollution status in the region, heavy metal indices such as the modified heavy metal pollution index (m-HPI), heavy metal evaluation index (HEI), Nemerow index (NeI), and ecological risks of heavy metals (ERI) were calculated and compared. The results showed that Cd concentration plays a significant role in negatively affecting the groundwater quality. Thus, three wells were classified as poor water quality and not acceptable for drinking water supply. The maximum concentration of heavy metals such as Cd, Se, and Sb was higher than permissible limits by the World Health Organization (WHO) standards. However, all wells except one were suitable for agricultural purposes. The advantage of the innovative entropy weighted groundwater quality index for both physicochemical and heavy metal content, is that it permits objectivity when selecting the weights and reduces the error that may be caused by subjectivity. Thus, the new index can be used by groundwater managers and policymakers to better decide the water’s suitability for consumption.

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“…The relative weights of the indicators calculated according to the entropy weighting method and the literature [26,27] are shown in Table 2, where the missing items are in analogous values, and their average values were taken to calculate the water quality index according to Equations ( 6) and (7). The calculated water quality index for each sample was interpolated according to the inverse distance weighting method and graded according to Table 3 to obtain the distribution of the water quality index for the whole study area (Figure 4).…”

Section: Groundwater Quality Assessment Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At present, the way to determine the relative weights of evaluation indexes is mostly based on the subjective and objective assignment methods. The subjective assignment method [20][21][22][23][24][25] is simple and covers a wide range, but because it does not consider data variability, the water quality evaluation results are often oriented to the subjective ideations of decision-makers, and different decision-makers place different emphases on the same indicators [26][27][28][29][30]. Although the objective assignment method [31,32] has a strict mathematical meaning, it tends to ignore the decision-makers' emphases on different attributes, and sometimes the results are contrary to the importance of the actual attributes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Cause Analysis of Shallow Groundwater Hydrochemistry in the Plains of Henan Province, China

Sun

Yan

et al. 2021

Sustainability

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With the development of the human population and society, groundwater environmental problems have become an important factor limiting global socioeconomic development, and the study of groundwater hydrochemical characteristics and pollution is a current hot issue. In this study, data regarding shallow groundwater quality in 76 instances were used to evaluate the quality of shallow groundwater in the plains of Henan Province, China, by using a combination of subjective and objective assignments, mathematical statistics, Piper trilinear diagram, Gibbs diagram, ion ratio analysis, and other methods to study the hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater and its formation mechanism. The results showed that the groundwater quality in most areas of Henan Plain is in good condition, and the proportion of samples with excellent grades and good grades is as high as 43.42% and 35.53%. The range of poor and extremely poor water quality is small, and only five samples are judged as poor and extremely poor grades, mainly distributed in Jiaozuo City, Xinxiang City, Zhoukou City, and Puyang City. The groundwater anionic hydrochemistry is mainly of the HCO3 type, accounting for 61.84% of the samples and locally transformed downstream to HCO3·SO4, HCO3·SO4·Cl, HCO3·Cl·SO4, and Cl·SO4·HCO3. Cations are predominantly of the Ca/Mg and Ca–Mg/Mg–Ca type, and gradually transformed to the Na–Ca/Ca–Na and Na–Mg/Mg–Na type along the runoff direction. Water–rock interactions and anthropogenic factors dominate the hydrochemistry evolution, with major geochemical processes involving the precipitation of calcite and dolomite as well as the weathering dissolution of rock salt and fluorite. Human activity is an important factor affecting the distribution of NO3–N and Fe3+. It is recommended that groundwater be continuously monitored to provide scientific data for sustainable groundwater quality management and that appropriate measures be developed to prevent further degradation of the groundwater environment.

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Phreatic Water Quality Assessment and Associated Hydrogeochemical Processes in an Irrigated Region Along the Upper Yellow River, Northwestern China

Cited by 12 publications

References 34 publications

Hydrogeochemical characterization of reservoir waters undergoing salinization processes in Northeastern Brazil

Hydrogeochemical characterization of reservoir waters undergoing salinization processes in Northeastern Brazil

Use of Heavy Metal Content and Modified Water Quality Index to Assess Groundwater Quality in a Semiarid Area

Characterization and Cause Analysis of Shallow Groundwater Hydrochemistry in the Plains of Henan Province, China

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