Phragmites Communis Trin. (Arundo Phragmites L.,? Phragmites Australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steudel)

Haslam, S. M.

doi:10.2307/2258363

Cited by 278 publications

(72 citation statements)

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“…Clonal expansion after establishment occurs through an extensive rhizome system producing up to 200 stems/m 2 (Haslam 1958). Approximately two thirds of the biomass is allocated to the rhizomesystem that can reach a depth of 2 m (Haslam 1972). Stems elongate until they reach their final height and produce inflorescences in late summer and early fall.…”

Section: Study Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of invasive Phragmites australis in the Adirondacks: a cautionary tale about prospects of eradication

et al. 2017

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Invasive plant management (largely mechanical and chemical) consumes an ever-increasing portion of budgets for land management organizations, but metrics of success, other than extent of areas treated or resources expended is rarely available. Here we assess success of managing 346 populations of invasive Phragmites australis (range 0.36-4134 m 2 ; cover 37-75%) in the Adirondack Park in upstate New York, USA. We began by treating 18 patches in 2010 using herbicide; gradually adding patches treated annually or intermittently for a total of 334 by the end of the project period. We monitored each population annually and if P. australis was present mapped its spatial extent and estimated cover. We considered P. australis eradicated when live stems were absent from a site for at least three consecutive years. Our treatments reduced size and cover of P. australis populations and eradication was achieved at 104 of 294 sites. However, probability of eradicating P. australis over a 7-year project timeframe was 0.83 for the smallest patches (0.36 m 2 ), whereas at medium (45 m 2 ) and large patches ([3000 m 2 ) probability of eradication decreased to 0.26 and 0.02, respectively. Our results question efficacy of managing large P. australis populations with the goal of eradication. We urge conservation organizations to clearly articulate management objectives beyond short-term suppression of target plants and to promote accountability by providing quantitative measurements of outcomes.

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Section: Study Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of invasive Phragmites australis in the Adirondacks: a cautionary tale about prospects of eradication

et al. 2017

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“…There is not an abundance of data on P. australis life span, but some research suggests that a single clone of P. australis can maintain itself for hundreds of years (Haslam, 1972). Phragmites australis can reproduce both vegetatively, via rhizomes or stolons, and sexually, via seeds.…”

Section: Life Spanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Long term inundation of seedlings will result in decreased survival, and this effect is enhanced by the presence of algae that can further hamper photosynthesis (Armstrong et al, 1999). While flooding can kill seedlings, they are also susceptible to drying if too exposed and to competition with established plants (Haslam, 1972). …”

Section: Sexual Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term effects of a Phragmites australis invasion on birds in a Lake Erie coastal marsh

Robichaud

Rooney

2017

Journal of Great Lakes Research

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“…), a large perennial grass with worldwide distribution is a major component of wetland and littoral plant communities of many freshwater ecosystems. It usually forms large natural monocultures at the land water interface with several important ecological functions (Haslam, 1972). Within the last decades, dieback of reed stands has been a periodically recurring threat to littoral ecosystems of many European lakes (Ostendorp, 1989;van der Putten, 1997;Brix, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flooding events and rising water temperatures increase the significance of the reed pathogen Pythium phragmitis as a contributing factor in the decline of Phragmites australis

2008

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Pythium species are economically significant soilborne plant pathogens with worldwide distribution, causing seedling damping-off or root rot diseases. Pythium phragmitis is a newly described pathogen of common reed (Phragmites australis), widespread in the reed-belt of Lake Constance, Germany. It is highly aggressive towards reed leaves and seedlings, but obviously does not affect roots. In the context of 'reed decline' phenomena, P. phragmitis infection of reed inundated during flooding events may be of particular significance. We could show that flooding itself is not necessarily detrimental for reed plants. In the presence of the pathogen, however, most submerged leaves and plants were killed within several weeks. Clipped plants did not show regrowth in the Pythium infested treatments. Significant losses in assimilating leaf area of reeds could, thus, be the result of Pythium infection rather than of flooding alone. Therefore, we suggest that the combination of extended flooding and the presence of P. phragmitis might considerably contribute to 'reed decline' at Lake Constance. In parallel, we could show that pathogenicity and spread of this species are considerably favoured by rising temperatures. Since an increase in average water temperature has been found for Lake Constance, we propose that P. phragmitis could be an important factor in the dieback of reed stands likely to be promoted by predicted climate change phenomena.

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Phragmites Communis Trin. (Arundo Phragmites L.,? Phragmites Australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steudel)

Cited by 278 publications

References 0 publications

Management of invasive Phragmites australis in the Adirondacks: a cautionary tale about prospects of eradication

Management of invasive Phragmites australis in the Adirondacks: a cautionary tale about prospects of eradication

Long-term effects of a Phragmites australis invasion on birds in a Lake Erie coastal marsh

Flooding events and rising water temperatures increase the significance of the reed pathogen Pythium phragmitis as a contributing factor in the decline of Phragmites australis

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