Photovoltaic response map in PUT ceramics doped with various impurity elements

Preparation and Photovoltaic Properties of Lead Lanthanum Zirconate Titanate in Design of Multilayers

“…The output photovoltaic current of the PLZT film was measured to be 1.7 mA, which is 10 2 times higher than that of the bulk, as reported previously. [10][11][12][13][15][16][17] The highest output current reported for the bulk was 10.4 nA. 17) In view of the output current efficiency, the film is more than 10 times more efficient than the bulk, although the output per unit volume is almost the same, as shown in Fig.…”

“…Our experiment has shown that multilayers enable us to improve the output current to more than the highest values thus far reported. [10][11][12][13][15][16][17] This improvement is due to the characteristics of the multilayer including the configuration of the electrode. We will present an illustrative explanation of the improved photovoltaic effect using a simple model.…”

“…MEMS applications Some articles have reported on the improvement of the photovoltaic effect of bulk PLZT from various viewpoints. [10][11][12][13][15][16][17] The additives, 15) firing atmosphere 16) and molar ratio of composition 17) have been reported to be important factors in improving the photovoltaic effect.…”

“…[8][9][10][11][12][13] There have also been some reports on these materials. [15][16][17] Their photovoltaic effects were due to the nonequivalent excitation of electrons from the impurity level to the conduction band. 18) The absence of lead plays an important role in the appearance of the photovoltaic effect.…”

“…Only bulk ceramics and single crystals have been used as photovoltaic materials. [8][9][10][11][12][13][15][16][17] The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that the photovoltaic effect of the film is useful for improving the output current. However, there are some problems with film that should be overcome for such a purpose.…”