In this paper, a simulation model is developed to optimise the configuration of a hybrid photovoltaicbattery-diesel system with the objectives to minimise its Life Cycle Cost and CO 2 emissions from the system. The decision variables included in the optimisation model are the total area of photo voltaic arrays, number of PV modules of 600 Wp, diesel generator power and number of batteries of 24 V and 150 Ah. The model has been applied to the analysis of a hybrid power generation system for a typical commercial market consisting of 318 shops in Moradabad district of Uttar Pradesh, India. The optimum sizing process is verified by carrying out an appropriate sensitivity analysis. The results attained are fairly encouraging defending the applicability of the simulation model. The model developed can be utilised to determine the optimum dimensions of the hybrid PV-battery-diesel system for the locations having similar climatic conditions.
NomenclatureA D annual diesel consumption (litre/year) A m total area of PV modules (m 2 ) AM relative air mass C In rnitial capital cost of PV system (Rs.) C PV cost of PV arrays (Rs.) C SI system installation cost (Rs.) C OM present value of operation and maintenance cost (Rs.) C M miscellaneous cost (Rs.) C BB cost of battery bank (Rs.) C BR present value of battery replacement cost (Rs.) C CC cost of charge controller (Rs.) C INV inverter cost (Rs.) C D diesel cost per litre (Rs. 42/litre) COE Cost of energy (Rs.) International Journal of Sustainable Energy 311 DOD depth of discharge of the battery D F annual fuel (diesel) cost (Rs.) D I initial cost of the diesel generator (Rs.) D K diesel generator cost per kW (Rs.) D S diesel generator service cost (Rs.) D OM annual operation and maintenance cost of diesel generator (Rs.) G H solar radiation on the horizontal surface (kWh/m 2 /day) G DH diffuse radiation on horizontal surface (kWh/m 2 /day) G D diffuse radiation on tilt surface (kWh/m 2 /day) G BH beam radiation on horizontal surface (kWh/m 2 /day) G B beam radiation on tilt surface (kWh/m 2 /day) G R reflected radiation on tilt surface (kWh/m 2 /day) G T total radiation on tilt surface (kWh/m 2 /day) LCC system life cycle cost of hybrid PV-battery-diesel system (Rs.) LCC DG life cycle cost diesel generator (Rs.) LCC PV life cycle cost of PV system (Rs.) N lifetime of the PV system (considered as 25 years)