Phototropin 1 Mediates High-Intensity Blue Light-Induced Chloroplast Accumulation Response in a Root Phototropism 2-Dependent Manner in Arabidopsis phot2 Mutant Plants

Wang, Jing; Liang, Yuanbo; Zhu, Jindong; Wang, Yuxi; Yang, Mengya; Yan, Hong-ru; Lv, Qian-yi; Cheng, Kai; Zhao, Xiang; Zhang, Xiao

doi:10.3389/fpls.2021.704618

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(97 reference statements)

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“…In the present study, we confirmed that MpNCH1 is regulated at the transcriptional level by Mpphot, as MpNCH1 was downregulated in response to the increased expression of MpPHOT (Figure 6c,d). MpNCH1 is also downregulated by blue‐light irradiation in Arabidopsis thaliana , but the roles of the two phot isoforms (Atphot1 and Atphot2) in mediating this response are unclear (Wang et al, 2021). The mechanism regulating NCH1 gene expression does not appear to be highly conserved among plant species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levels of photoactivated phototropin modulate signal transmission during the chloroplast accumulation response

Hirano,

Noguchi,

Thagun

et al. 2024

Plant Cell & Environment

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Chloroplasts accumulate in regions of plant cells exposed to irradiation to maximize light reception for efficient photosynthesis. This response is mediated by the blue‐light receptor phototropin. Upon the perception of blue light, phototropin is photoactivated, an unknown signal is transmitted from the photoactivated phototropin to distant chloroplasts, and the chloroplasts begin their directional movement. How activated phototropin initiates this signal transmission is unknown. Here, using the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha, we analysed whether increased photoactive phototropin levels mediate signal transmission and chloroplast behaviour during the accumulation response. The signal transmission rate was higher in transgenic cells overexpressing phototropin than in wild‐type cells. However, the chloroplast directional movement was similar between wild‐type and transgenic cells. Consistent with the observation, increasing the amount of photoactivated phototropin through higher blue‐light intensity also accelerated signal transmission but did not affect chloroplast behaviour in wild‐type cells. Photoactivation of phototropin under weak blue‐light led to the greater protein level of phosphorylated phototropin in cells overexpressing phototropin than in wild‐type cells, whereas the autophosphorylation level within each phototropin molecule was similar. These results indicate that the abundance of photoactivated phototropin modulates the signal transmission rate to distant chloroplasts but does not affect chloroplast behaviour during the accumulation response.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levels of photoactivated phototropin modulate signal transmission during the chloroplast accumulation response

Hirano,

Noguchi,

Thagun

et al. 2024

Plant Cell & Environment

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show abstract

“…Photosynthesis is the physiological basis for the high production of plants, and leaves are the key organ of photosynthesis, and chloroplasts in leaves are the location of photosynthesis [ 45 ]. AtPHOT1 and AtPHOT2 in the AGC protein kinase subfamily V act as blue light photoreceptors in the signal-transduction pathway for photo-induced movements, promoting stomatal opening and chloroplast accumulation [ 22 , 23 ]. Moreover, these two genes were found to have high expression in leaves in the Expression Atlas database [ 46 ], and the rice genes OsAGC9 , OsAGC20 , OsAGC22 in this subfamily also showed high expression in leaves in the RiceXPro database [ 47 ], indicated that the genes of subfamily V in rice and Arabidopsis may have the similar functions and are essential for leaf development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PIDs in subfamily AGC VIIIa regulate the polar transport of auxin, AGC1-5 affects the ROP signaling pathway to determine the apical growth of root hairs, AGC1-5 and AGC1-7 are involved in the polarized growth of pollen tubes [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. UNICORN in subfamily AGCVIIIb regulates the development of the planar ovule integument and restricts the growth of stamen filaments, petals and cotyledons, phototropins (AtPHOT1 and AtPHOT2) can mediate phototropism, chloroplast movement and leaf flattening in A. thaliala , phototropins were also found to regulate dark-induced leaf senescence [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. The extension of the T-loop of AGC kinase Adi3 guides nuclear localization and thus suppresses cell death, and there is a potential link between the inhibition of PDK1 activity and cell death triggered by reactive oxygen NO in S. lycopersicum [ 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Identification of the AGC Protein Kinase Gene Family Related to Photosynthesis in Rice (Oryza sativa)

Jiang

Liu

Zhou

et al. 2022

IJMS

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The cAMP-dependent protein kinase A, cGMP-dependent protein kinase G and phospholipid-dependent protein kinase C (AGC) perform various functions in plants, involving growth, immunity, apoptosis and stress response. AGC gene family is well described in Arabidopsis, however, limited information is provided about AGC genes in rice, an important cereal crop. This research studied the AGC gene family in the AA genome species: Oryza sativa ssp. japonica, Oryza sativa ssp. indica, Oryza nivara, Oryza rufipogon, Oryza glaberrima, Oryza meridionalis, Oryza barthii, Oryza glumaepatula and Oryza longistaminata were searched and classified into six subfamilies, and it was found that these species have similar numbers of members. The analysis of gene duplication and selection pressure indicated that the AGC gene family expanded mainly by segmental or whole genome duplication (WGD), with purifying selection during the long evolutionary period. RNA-seq analysis revealed that OsAGCs of subfamily V were specifically highly expressed in leaves, and the expression patterns of these genes were compared with that of photosynthesis-related genes using qRT-PCR, discovered that OsAGC9, OsAGC20, and OsAGC22 might participate in photosynthesis. These results provide an informative perspective for exploring the evolutionary of AGC gene family and its practical application in rice.

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“…Previous studies have shown that in land plants, two members of the NRL gene family, RPT2 and NCH1 , redundantly mediate the chloroplast accumulation response, which refers to the movement of chloroplasts towards low fluence rate light (Suetsugu et al., 2016; Wang et al., 2021). Although RPT2 and NCH1 contain four conserved regions including the BTB domain, the LsNRL4 protein in lettuce lacks the BTB domain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LsNRL4 enhances photosynthesis and decreases leaf angles in lettuce

Zhang

et al. 2022

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) is one of the most important vegetables worldwide and an ideal plant for producing protein drugs. Both well-functioning chloroplasts that perform robust photosynthesis and small leaf angles that enable dense planting are essential for high yields. In this study, we used an F 2 population derived from a cross between a lettuce cultivar with pale-green leaves and large leaf angles to a cultivar with dark-green leaves and small leaf angles to clone LsNRL4, which encodes an NPH3/RPT2-Like (NRL) protein. Unlike other NRL proteins in lettuce, the LsNRL4 lacks the BTB domain. Knockout mutants engineered using CRISPR/Cas9 and transgenic lines overexpressing LsNRL4 verified that LsNRL4 contributes to chloroplast development, photosynthesis and leaf angle. The LsNRL4 gene was not present in the parent with pale-green leaves and enlarged leaf angles. Loss of LsNRL4 results in the enlargement of chloroplasts, decreases in the amount of cellular space allocated to chloroplasts and defects in secondary cell wall biosynthesis in lamina joints. Overexpressing LsNRL4 significantly improved photosynthesis and decreased leaf angles. Indeed, the plant architecture of the overexpressing lines is ideal for dense planting. In summary, we identified a novel NRL gene that enhances photosynthesis and influences plant architecture. Our study provides new approaches for the breeding of lettuce that can be grown in dense planting in the open field or in modern plant factories. LsNRL4 homologues may also be used in other crops to increase photosynthesis and improve plant architecture.

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Phototropin 1 Mediates High-Intensity Blue Light-Induced Chloroplast Accumulation Response in a Root Phototropism 2-Dependent Manner in Arabidopsis phot2 Mutant Plants

Cited by 7 publications

References 49 publications

Levels of photoactivated phototropin modulate signal transmission during the chloroplast accumulation response

Levels of photoactivated phototropin modulate signal transmission during the chloroplast accumulation response

Genome-Wide Identification of the AGC Protein Kinase Gene Family Related to Photosynthesis in Rice (Oryza sativa)

LsNRL4 enhances photosynthesis and decreases leaf angles in lettuce

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