Phototoxicity of traditional chinese medicine (TCM)

Li, Xiaoqi; An, Rui; Liang, Kun; Wang, Xinhong; You, Lisha

doi:10.1039/c8tx00141c

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Photosensitization by biomolecules has long been recognized, yet there is a growing library of natural photosensitizers and the plants that contain them. − Photosensitizers function by absorbing a photon of light to reach a singlet excited state and then undergoing intersystem crossing to produce the triplet-excited-state photosensitizer. This process is typically spin-forbidden, yet the unique molecular structure of photosensitizers enables this process to proceed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To promote global accessibility to natural photosensitizers and dispersants, additional sources of advantageous compounds need to be discovered. Thankfully, numerous plants produce various classes of natural photosensitizers (i.e., porphyrins, curcuminoids, anthraquinones/perylenequinones, phenalenones, furanocoumarins, xanthenoids, polyacetylenes, thiophenes, and alkaloids), suggesting a need for more comprehensive investigation. − The challenge lies in finding plants that are both safe to consume and produce visible light photosensitizers with high Φ Δ in sufficient concentrations to be easily extracted.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Farm-to-Tap Water Treatment: Naturally-Sourced Photosensitizers for Enhanced Solar Disinfection of Drinking Water

2020

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Universal access to basic drinking water services remains elusive, especially for rural communities of low-and lower-middle income countries where financial constraints restrict the implementation of existing drinking water development approaches. With the need for cheaper and more accessible point-of-use water treatment technologies, this study proposes a near-zero cost modification for solar disinfection (SODIS) using a suite of natural, plant-sourced photosensitizers to produce singlet oxygen and accelerate microbial inactivation under simulated sunlight. Chlorophyll, curcumin, and Saint John's Wort extract are applied with edible dispersants, enhancing the inactivation of bacteriophage MS2, a human enteric virus surrogate. Chlorophyll exhibited the most dramatic enhancement, increasing the disinfection rate up to 180 times that of SODIS alone. The potential for this approach to be successfully applied in different geographic regions was evaluated using the experimentally obtained disinfection kinetics and annual average daytime surface sunlight intensity data across the globe. The findings suggest that locally sourced natural photosensitizers and dispersants (e.g., chlorophyll extracted from alfalfa and saponin extracted from quinoa husks) can be a particularly useful point-of-use water disinfection technology for rural regions of low-and lower-middle income countries that have been previously underserved by safe water initiatives.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Farm-to-Tap Water Treatment: Naturally-Sourced Photosensitizers for Enhanced Solar Disinfection of Drinking Water

2020

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“…In recent years, TCM has been gaining international acceptance as an alternative medicine. 7 TCM treatments focus on holistic balance, which is achieved by improving the body's condition and regulating hair-growing tissues, rather than directly supplementing with a particular hormone. For example, herbs can improve male fertility by supplementing micronutrients and vitamins, improving reproductive microcirculation, lowering serum antisperm antibody levels, and altering epigenetic markers.…”

Section: Advantages and Dilemmas Of Chinese Pharmaceutical Preparationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unlocking the Medicinal Potential of Plant-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: current Progress and Future Perspectives

Liu,

Lou,

Zhang

et al. 2024

IJN

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Botanical preparations for herbal medicine have received more and more attention from drug researchers, and the extraction of active ingredients and their successful clinical application have become an important direction of drug research in major pharmaceutical companies, but the complexity of extracts, multiple side effects, and significant individual differences have brought many difficulties to the clinical application of herbal preparations. It is noteworthy that extracellular vesicles as active biomolecules extracted from medicinal plants are believed to be useful for the treatment of a variety of diseases, including cancer, inflammation, regenerative-restorative and degenerative diseases, which may provide a new direction for the clinical utilization of herbal preparations. In this review, we sort out recent advances in medicinal plant extracellular vesicles and discuss their potential as disease therapeutics. Finally, future challenges and research directions for the clinical translation of medicinal plant extracellular vesicles are also discussed, and we expect that continued development based on medicinal plant extracellular vesicles will facilitate the clinical application of herbal preparations.

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“…It is a concern for compounds that possess high molar absorptivity (>1000 L mol −1 • cm −1 ) at each wavelength within the range of natural sunlight (from 290 to 700 nm), generate reactive species after absorption of light, and distribute/accumulate in the skin [172]. Such properties among the phytophenolic group are characteristic for anthracene derivatives [173] (anthraquinones-aloin A, aloe-emodin, hypericin), lignans (in the composition of silymarin), and curcumin, and some of its derivatives [174]. They may cause photosensitization (sunburn-like symptomatic such as skin irritation, erythema, pruritis, edema [175]) after systemic, as well as dermal administration [172].…”

Section: Photosensitizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dermal Drug Delivery of Phytochemicals with Phenolic Structure via Lipid-Based Nanotechnologies

et al. 2021

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Phenolic compounds are a large, heterogeneous group of secondary metabolites found in various plants and herbal substances. From the perspective of dermatology, the most important benefits for human health are their pharmacological effects on oxidation processes, inflammation, vascular pathology, immune response, precancerous and oncological lesions or formations, and microbial growth. Because the nature of phenolic compounds is designed to fit the phytochemical needs of plants and not the biopharmaceutical requirements for a specific route of delivery (dermal or other), their utilization in cutaneous formulations sets challenges to drug development. These are encountered often due to insufficient water solubility, high molecular weight and low permeation and/or high reactivity (inherent for the set of representatives) and subsequent chemical/photochemical instability and ionizability. The inclusion of phenolic phytochemicals in lipid-based nanocarriers (such as nanoemulsions, liposomes and solid lipid nanoparticles) is so far recognized as a strategic physico-chemical approach to improve their in situ stability and introduction to the skin barriers, with a view to enhance bioavailability and therapeutic potency. This current review is focused on recent advances and achievements in this area.

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Phototoxicity of traditional chinese medicine (TCM)

Abstract: Phototoxicity can cause toxic responses such as edemas and lesions, and is one of the severe adverse effects that largely limit the use of these phototoxic drugs.

Cited by 5 publications

References 46 publications

Farm-to-Tap Water Treatment: Naturally-Sourced Photosensitizers for Enhanced Solar Disinfection of Drinking Water

Farm-to-Tap Water Treatment: Naturally-Sourced Photosensitizers for Enhanced Solar Disinfection of Drinking Water

Unlocking the Medicinal Potential of Plant-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: current Progress and Future Perspectives

Dermal Drug Delivery of Phytochemicals with Phenolic Structure via Lipid-Based Nanotechnologies

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