Photothermal steam reforming: A novel method for tar elimination in biomass gasification

Chen, Guanyi; Dong, Xiaoshan; Yan, Beibei; Li, Jian; Yoshikawa, Kunio; Jiao, Liguo

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.117917

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Coupling photocatalysis with thermocatalysis has been widely demonstrated for H 2 generation and/or chemicals production from biomass or biomass derivates. [222][223][224] The common limitation of photothermal biomass valorization comes from the low selectivity of liquid chemicals. From this aspect, photobiocatalysis by coupling photocatalysts with enzymes in one system would be an alternative approach to realize high selectivity for biomass conversion.…”

Section: Processing Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass Photoreforming for Hydrogen and Value‐Added Chemicals Co‐Production on Hierarchically Porous Photocatalysts

Zhao

Liu

Zhong

et al. 2023

Advanced Energy Materials

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technologies to utilize renewable energy sources such as wind, solar, geothermal, and biomass is highly desired to maintain the harmonious, sustained, and steady development of human civilization. [1][2][3] Biomass, a most widely abundant and easily accessible natural resource have already supported mankind for thousands of years. [4][5][6] Until now, biomass is still supplying ≈25% of global energy and it has been widely recognized as one of the most important energy source in the future. [7][8][9][10] The first-generation biofuels such as bioethanol generated from carbohydrates in corn and wheat have already made huge contribution to the global economies. However, drawbacks are from the huge consumption of food crops during the production procedure, which exacerbates food shortage problem. [11][12][13] The secondgeneration biofuels are derived from various types of non-food feedstocks such as lignocellulosic biomass and wastes, which holds great potential to sustainably produce fuels and value-added chemicals along with addressing environmental issues and without competing with food reserves. [14][15][16] Lignocellulosic biomass consisting of polysaccharides (cellulose and hemicellulose) and aromatic polymers (lignin) comprises more than 50% of total organic matter on earth. [5] Developing efficient technologies to convert lignocellulosic biomass into high-intensity fuels and platform Biomass, a naturally abundant, sustainable and clean resource has great potential as an alternative to replace the limited fossil feedstock for valueadded chemicals and fuels. Biomass with abundant reductive functional groups could theoretically act as electron donor to consume photogenerated holes and/or active free radicals. Biomass photoreforming over semiconductor photocatalysts using solar light as energy input attracts much attention in this context. However, biomass photoreforming still suffers low conversion efficiency and product selectivity due to its structural complexity, poor solubility and unclear reaction mechanism. Owing to the advanced features of mass diffusion of biomass derivatives and adjustable surface properties, hierarchically porous photocatalysts with desired active sites at each length scale of porosity have shown their superiority in boosting the conversion efficiency and selectivity of biomass photoreforming. Herein, a critical review is presented on selective biomass photoreforming for simultaneous H 2 and value-added chemicals co-production on hierarchically porous photocatalysts. The fundamentals of biomass photoreforming and current bottleneck of biomass valorization by photocatalytic process are presented and analyzed. The rational photocatalyst design with hierarchically porous structure to improve the biomass conversion and product selectivity by boosting mass transfer is highlighted. Finally the challenges and opportunities for photocatalytic biomass valorization are presented in the perspective ssection.

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Section: Processing Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass Photoreforming for Hydrogen and Value‐Added Chemicals Co‐Production on Hierarchically Porous Photocatalysts

Zhao

Liu

Zhong

et al. 2023

Advanced Energy Materials

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“…Based on publically available research studies, Ni-based photothermal catalysts have high DRM catalytic activity Zhong et al 2022). Solar energy can be used to produce electricity, fuel, heat and cool buildings using photovoltaics, concentrated solar heating/power, photo/thermal chemical conversion, and so on (Chen et al 2022;Zheng et al 2022). Among the different solar-to-chemical conversion technologies, solar-to-chemical conversion is both challenging and intriguing since it can alleviate two contemporary human problems: the energy crisis and environmental pollution.…”

Section: Photothermal Reforming (Ptrm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Trends in Hydrogen and Synfuel Generation: A State-of-the-Art Review

ALHASSAN,

Jalil,

Owgi

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The current work investigated emerging fields for generating and consuming hydrogen and synthetic Fischer-Tropsch (FT) fuels, especially from detrimental greenhouse gases, CO2 and CH4. Technologies for syngas generation ranging from partial oxidation, auto-thermal, dry, photothermal, and wet or steam reforming of methane were adequately revised alongside biomass valorisation for hydrogen generation, water-electrolysis, and climate challenges due to methane flaring, production, storage, transportation, challenges, and opportunities in CO2 and CH4 utilisation. Under the same conditions, dry reforming produces more coke than steam reforming. However, combining the two techniques produces syngas with a high H2/CO ratio, which is suitable for producing long-chain hydrocarbons. Although the steam methane reforming (SMR) process has been industrialised, it is well known to consume significant energy. However, coke production via catalytic methane decomposition, the prime hindrance to large-scale implementation of these techniques for hydrogen production, could be addressed by coupling CO with CO2 conversion to alter the H2/CO ratio of syngas, increasing the reaction temperatures in dry reforming, or increasing the steam content fed in steam reforming. Optimised hydrogen production and generation of green fuels from CO2 and CH4 can be achieved by implementing these strategies.

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“…Finally, dual-mode excitation has been shown beneficial to high temperature biomass gasification, whose viability to produce gaseous fuel and biochar remains limited by tar formation. Using toluene as biomass tar model compound, Chen et al first demonstrated the ability of UV-A light driven photothermal steam reforming to in-situ mitigate the detrimental deposition of carboned species (surface poisons) through the photocatalytic activation of steam into oxidative OH radicals able to clean the catalyst surface, and to reduce the catalyst agglomeration during the process [25].…”

Section: Valorization Of Bio-resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%