Solar-driven
water evaporation has been proven to be a promising
and efficient method for the energy crisis and clean water shortage
issues. Herein, we strategically design and fabricate a novel nonstoichiometric
CoWO4–x
-deposited foam nickel (NF)
membrane (CoWO4–x
@NF) that possesses
all the desirable optical, thermal, and wetting properties for efficient
water evaporation and purification. The broadband absorption of CoWO4–x
nanoparticles (NPs) obtained by
hydrogen reduction contributes to light-to-heat conversion, while
NF with a three-dimensional porous structure can support CoWO4–x
NPs and ensure the rapid flow of
water molecules during the water evaporation process. We systematically
explore and compare the outdoor water evaporation performance of the
pure water group, NF group, and CoWO4–x
@NF group, and the results show that CoWO4–x
@NF performs well under natural sunlight irradiation
(water evaporation: 2.91 kg m–2). Significantly,
under solar irradiation, the remarkable reduction of Cyanophyta and Euglenophyta in lake water is achieved in the CoWO4–x
@NF membrane-administered group, and these two algae are the
main factors for eutrophication of the lake water. Our work highlights
the great potentials of the CoWO4–x
@NF membrane as a device for realizing outdoor solar energy-driven
water evaporation and proposes a new strategy for purifying the eutrophication
of the lake water.