Photothermal response of hollow gold nanoshell to laser irradiation: Continuous wave, short and ultrashort pulse

Gold Nanoparticle Mediated Phototherapy for Cancer

“…Through the control of the geometric and physical parameters of nanostructures such as size and shape, the plasmon resonance peaks of GNPs could be tuned to the near-infrared region [55] and the light absorption efficiency of GNPs in the near-infrared region is high (extinction coefficient is about 10 −9 M −1 cm −1 ) which imparts high depth photothermal therapy in tissues because of the high penetration of infrared light [56,57]. Many researchers have focused on the photothermal therapy of gold nanoparticles with different size and morphology, such as gold nanorods (GNRs), gold nanostars, gold nanorings, gold nanocages, and hollow gold nanoshells [58][59][60][61][62]. Using pulsed or continuous wave (cw) lasers in both the visible and near-infrared wavelength region, photothermal therapy (PTT) with gold nanospheres can be reached owing to the SPR absorption in the visible region and its nonlinear properties [7,54,[63][64][65][66][67].…”

Nanocomposite Polymer Scaffolds Responding under External Stimuli for Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering Applications

“…The effect of the gold NPs morphology has been widely investigated and the photothermal properties of gold NPs with different morphology, such as gold nanorods, nanostars, nanorings, nanocages, and hollow nanoshells, have been investigated . Nonspherical morphologies were found necessary to observe a suitable effect in NIR region.…”

“…[106,107] The effect of the gold NPs morphology has been widely investigated and the photothermal properties of gold NPs with different morphology, such as gold nanorods, nanostars, nanorings, nanocages, and hollow nanoshells, have been investigated. [108][109][110][111] Nonspherical morphologies were found necessary to observe a suitable effect in NIR region. Nevertheless, spherical NPs with mean size around 15 nm were found very efficient for photothermal therapy because, once gold NPs are internalized in cells, they form self-assembled large clusters directly inside cells, which leads to a surface plasmon resonance shift from the visible to the NIR region.…”

Laser-assisted photoporation: fundamentals, technological advances and applications

“…When the incident laser frequency matches the resonant frequency of the localized surface plasmons, the electrons will oscillate with maximum amplitude, known as LSPR. The resonant plasmonic frequency depends on the size, shape, and composition of the metallic NP, as well as its environment [112][113][114][115][116][117]. Figure 5(b) shows the light scattering, absorption, and extinction cross-section for 50 nm AuNP in water, showing a LSPR peak at ~530 nm.…”

“…This is typically achieved with CW laser irradiation or low intensity laser pulses (Figure 6(a)). A rise in local temperature has been reported ranging from tens to even a few hundreds of degrees [113,124]. Perforation of the cell membrane happens by a local phase transition of the lipid bilayer or thermal denaturation of integral glycoproteins which leads to opening of transient hydrophilic pores [72,74,125].…”