Photosystem I: Its biogenesis and function in higher plants

Schöttler, Mark Aurel; Albus, Christin A.; Bock, Ralph

doi:10.1016/j.jplph.2010.12.009

Cited by 88 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…The above phenotypic traits are consistent with a primary lesion leading to PSI depletion. In fact, similar symptoms are found in PSI-deficient mutants Stöckel et al, 2006;Schöttler et al, 2011).…”

Section: Comparison Between Nox and Other Mutants Affected In The Biosupporting

confidence: 69%

“…Accumulation of transcripts of the nuclear-encoded subunits PsaD, E, and F, the depletion of which severely affected PSI accumulation (Haldrup et al, 2000;Varotto et al, 2000;Ihnatowicz et al, 2004), did not show any downregulation in nox with respect to the wild type ( Figure 5B). Since KO of all other subunits of PSI (namely, PsaG-PsaL, PsaN, and PsaO) resulted in less severe PSI defects (Schöttler et al, 2011), these PSI subunits were not investigated in this study.…”

Section: Lower Abundance Of Psi In Nox Leaves Resulted From a Combinamentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Arabidopsis nox Mutant Lacking Carotene Hydroxylase Activity Reveals a Critical Role for Xanthophylls in Photosystem I Biogenesis

et al. 2013

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Carotenes, and their oxygenated derivatives xanthophylls, are essential components of the photosynthetic apparatus. They contribute to the assembly of photosynthetic complexes and participate in light absorption and chloroplast photoprotection. Here, we studied the role of xanthophylls, as distinct from that of carotenes, by characterizing a no xanthophylls (nox) mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana, which was obtained by combining mutations targeting the four carotenoid hydroxylase genes. nox plants retained a-and b-carotenes but were devoid in xanthophylls. The phenotype included depletion of light-harvesting complex (LHC) subunits and impairment of nonphotochemical quenching, two effects consistent with the location of xanthophylls in photosystem II antenna, but also a decreased efficiency of photosynthetic electron transfer, photosensitivity, and lethality in soil. Biochemical analysis revealed that the nox mutant was specifically depleted in photosystem I function due to a severe deficiency in PsaA/B subunits. While the stationary level of psaA/B transcripts showed no major differences between genotypes, the stability of newly synthesized PsaA/B proteins was decreased and translation of psaA/B mRNA was impaired in nox with respect to wild-type plants. We conclude that xanthophylls, besides their role in photoprotection and LHC assembly, are also needed for photosystem I core translation and stability, thus making these compounds indispensable for autotrophic growth.

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Section: Comparison Between Nox and Other Mutants Affected In The Biosupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Lower Abundance Of Psi In Nox Leaves Resulted From a Combinamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Arabidopsis nox Mutant Lacking Carotene Hydroxylase Activity Reveals a Critical Role for Xanthophylls in Photosystem I Biogenesis

et al. 2013

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“…PsaC, which itself contains two Fe-S clusters that are incorporated in the stroma, can only assemble with a PsaA/B heterodimer that already contains the Fx Fe-S cluster [53,54]. Next, the assembly of the other stromal subunits PsaD and PsaE takes place, followed by the assembly of the remaining subunits and finally the LHCI antenna [50,51]. As with PSII, several auxiliary proteins involved in PSI assembly have been identified [50].…”

Section: Does Photoinhibition and Repair Of Psii Also Protect Psi Agamentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of the photosynthetic apparatus under fluctuating growth light

Tikkanen

Grieco

Nurmi

et al. 2012

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

142

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Safe and efficient conversion of solar energy to metabolic energy by plants is based on tightly interregulated transfer of excitation energy, electrons and protons in the photosynthetic machinery according to the availability of light energy, as well as the needs and restrictions of metabolism itself. Plants have mechanisms to enhance the capture of energy when light is limited for growth and development. Also, when energy is in excess, the photosynthetic machinery slows down the electron transfer reactions in order to prevent the production of reactive oxygen species and the consequent damage of the photosynthetic machinery. In this opinion paper, we present a partially hypothetical scheme describing how the photosynthetic machinery controls the flow of energy and electrons in order to enable the maintenance of photosynthetic activity in nature under continual fluctuations in white light intensity. We discuss the roles of light-harvesting II protein phosphorylation, thermal dissipation of excess energy and the control of electron transfer by cytochrome b 6 f, and the role of dynamically regulated turnover of photosystem II in the maintenance of the photosynthetic machinery. We present a new hypothesis suggesting that most of the regulation in the thylakoid membrane occurs in order to prevent oxidative damage of photosystem I.

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“…The PSI complex of chloroplasts exists as a monomer and is associated with membrane-bound light-harvesting complexes [77], whereas that of cyanobacteria is present as a trimer and is connected to phycobilisomes on top of the thylakoid membrane as additional antenna systems [78]. The PSI complex of cyanobacteria consists of 12 proteins per monomer, whereas that of plants is composed of at least 15 subunits plus at least four light-harvesting proteins [8]. Among these 15 subunits, four (PsaG, PsaH, PsaN and PsaO) are newly evolved in chloroplasts, whereas one cyanobacterial subunit (PsaM) was lost in higher plants [8].…”

Section: Regulatory Factors For Psi Assemblymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This observation suggests that it may function in a step of PSI assembly that differs between cyanobacteria and chloroplasts. Such a difference could be in the formation of the stromal ridge, as this step requires import and sorting of PsaD and PsaE into the thylakoid membrane from the cytosol in chloroplasts, a step that is not required in cyanobacteria [8]. Y3IP1 most probably functions as a receptor for (one of) these proteins before their integration into the PSI complex [8].…”

Section: Regulatory Factors For Psi Assemblymentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory factors for the assembly of thylakoid membrane protein complexes

Chi

Zhang

2012

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Major multi-protein photosynthetic complexes, located in thylakoid membranes, are responsible for the capture of light and its conversion into chemical energy in oxygenic photosynthetic organisms. Although the structures and functions of these photosynthetic complexes have been explored, the molecular mechanisms underlying their assembly remain elusive. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of the regulatory components involved in the assembly of thylakoid membrane protein complexes in photosynthetic organisms. Many of the known regulatory factors are conserved between prokaryotes and eukaryotes, whereas others appear to be newly evolved or to have expanded predominantly in eukaryotes. Their specific features and fundamental differences in cyanobacteria, green algae and land plants are discussed.

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Photosystem I: Its biogenesis and function in higher plants

Cited by 88 publications

References 81 publications

The Arabidopsis nox Mutant Lacking Carotene Hydroxylase Activity Reveals a Critical Role for Xanthophylls in Photosystem I Biogenesis

The Arabidopsis nox Mutant Lacking Carotene Hydroxylase Activity Reveals a Critical Role for Xanthophylls in Photosystem I Biogenesis

Regulation of the photosynthetic apparatus under fluctuating growth light

Regulatory factors for the assembly of thylakoid membrane protein complexes

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