Photosynthetic traits and biochemical responses in strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) leaves supplemented with LED lights

Abstract

Abbreviations: B − blue light supplementation; Car − carotenoids; Chl − chlorophyll; Ci − intercellular CO2 concentration; DEPS − de-epoxidation state of xanthophyll cycle pigments; ETR − electron transport rate; flav − flavonoids; FM − fresh mass; Fv/Fm − maximum quantum yield of PSII; G − green light supplementation; gm − mesophyll conductance; gs − stomatal conductance; J1300 − electron transport obtained at saturating light; LED − light emitting diode; NBI − nitrogen balance index; NS − control; PN -net photosynthetic rate; PNmax − light-saturated net photosynthetic rate; qN − nonphotochemical quenching coefficient; qP − photochemical quenching coefficient; R − red light supplementation; RL − mitochondrial respiration in the light; ROS − reactive oxygen species; SE − standard error; T1/T17 − 1/17 d of light supplementation; TPU − triose phosphate-utilization rate; VAZ − total amount of xanthophyll cycle components; Vcmax − maximum rate of carboxylation of Rubisco; W − white (R:G:B; 1:1:1) light supplementation; XTT − 3'-(1-[phenylaminocarbonyl]-3,4-tetrazolium)-bis(4-methoxy-6-nitro) benzene-sulfonic acid hydrate; α-toc − α-tocopherol; Γ* − CO2 compensation point in absence of respiration; ΦNPQ − quantum yield of nonphotochemical quenching; ΦPSII − operational quantum yield of PSII photochemistry. Acknowledgments: This study was performed in the framework of the PRA 2020-2021 project 'Fragoal' financed by the University of Pisa.

Enhancement of photosynthesis efficiency and yield of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) plants via LED systems

“…Plant gas exchange parameters have been used as a reliable indicator for strawberry production (Choi et al, 2015;Lauria et al, 2021). Obtained results revealed that, LM6 has the best effect on net photosynthetic rate (A).…”

“…Blue light improved leaflet length (Choi et al, 2015), plant height, leaf number and area (Uddin et al, 2018), and strawberry fruit yield (Choi et al, 2015;Uddin et al, 2018). Red and blue lights enhanced the stress resistance levels in strawberry plants (Lauria et al, 2021). There are no data for the combination of light intensity, light quality, and photoperiod with orthogonal design known to date.…”

Supplemental red LED light promotes plant productivity, “photomodulates” fruit quality and increases Botrytis cinerea tolerance in strawberry

“…The average of growing conditions were: 25.9 °C mean temperature, 52 % humidity and 434 μmol m -2 s -1 daily mean solar light radiation. All plants were fed with a nutrient solution optimized in a previous study for strawberry fruit growth (Lauria et al, 2021) with minor modifications and containing N-NO3 − 10.0 mM, N-NH4 + 1.0 mM, P-PO4 3-1.0 mM, K + 6.5 mM, Ca 2+ 5.2 mM, Mg 2+ 1.2 mM, S-SO4 2-4.2 mM, Fe 2+ 20.0 μM, BO 3-30.0 μM, Cu 2+ 1.0 μM, Zn 2+ 5.0 μM, Mn 2+ 10.0 μM, Mo 3+ 1.0 μM; EC and pH were 2.25 dS m -1 and 5.6, respectively. These latter parameters were checked daily and adjusted to keep them within 10 % of the values measured in the fresh nutrient solution.…”

“…Light is one of the most important environmental factors for plant growth, development, and fruit quality. The utilization of appropriate lighting parameters (i.e., intensity, photoperiod, and spectral quality) can regulate and enhance plant and fruit cell function, appearance and production of metabolites in food crops, especially in indoor cultivations (Lauria et al, 2021). Nowadays, light emitting diodes (LEDs) have gained popularity due to their energy-saving, cheaper and compact nature than traditional light sources (i.e., fluorescent, filament and high-pressure sodium lamps; Al Murad et al, 2021).…”