Photosynthetic Responses to Heat Treatments at Different Temperatures and following Recovery in Grapevine (Vitis amurensis L.) Leaves

Abstract

BackgroundThe electron transport chain, Rubisco and stomatal conductance are important in photosynthesis. Little is known about their combined responses to heat treatment at different temperatures and following recovery in grapevines (Vitis spp.) which are often grown in climates with high temperatures.Methodology/FindingsThe electron transport function of photosystem II, the activation state of Rubisco and the influence of stomatal behavior were investigated in grapevine leaves during heat treatments and following recovery. High temperature treatments included 35, 40 and 45°C, with 25°C as the control and recovery temperature. Heat treatment at 35°C did not significantly (P>0.05) inhibit net photosynthetic rate (P n). However, with treatments at 40 and 45°C, P n was decreased, accompanied by an increase in substomatal CO2 concentration (C i), decreases in stomatal conductance (g s) and the activation state of Rubisco, and inhibition of the donor side and the reaction center of PSII. The acceptor side of PSII was inhibited at 45°C but not at 40°C. When grape leaves recovered following heat treatment, P n, gs and the activation state of Rubisco also increased, and the donor side and the reaction center of PSII recovered. The increase in P n during the recovery period following the second 45°C stress was slower than that following the 40°C stress, and these increases corresponded to the donor side of PSII and the activation state of Rubisco.ConclusionsHeat treatment at 35°C did not significantly (P>0.05) influence photosynthesis. The decrease of P n in grape leaves exposed to more severe heat stress (40 or 45°C) was mainly attributed to three factors: the activation state of Rubisco, the donor side and the reaction center of PSII. However, the increase of P n in grape leaves following heat stress was also associated with a stomatal response. The acceptor side of PSII in grape leaves was responsive but less sensitive to heat stress.

Improving Photosynthetic Responses during Recovery from Heat Treatments with Brassinosteroid and Calcium Chloride in Indian Bread Wheat Cultivars

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Effect of Light Intensity and Temperature on Growth and Quality Parameters of Grafted Vines

“…Researchers suggested the optimum temperature for the photosynthesis of grapevines as between 25 °C and 35 °C (Greer and Weedon, 2012;Kriedemann, 1968;Mullins et al, 1992;Schultz, 2000). However, temperatures above 35 °C, generally reduced the photosynthesis rates of grape leaves (Ferrini et al, 1995;Kriedemann, 1968;Luo et al, 2011;Yu et al, 2009;Zsófi et al, 2009). The lowest net photosynthesis values were recorded in vines grown at 35 °C and were closely correlated to chlorophyll content.…”

Seasonal Differences in Growth, Photosynthetic Pigments and Gas Exchange Properties in Two Greenhouse Grown Maize (Zea Mays L.) Cultivars

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