Photosynthetic response of pepper plants to wilt induced by Verticillium dahliae and soil water deficit

Pascual, Inmaculada; Azcona, I.; Morales, Fermı́n; Aguirreolea, Jone; Sánchez‐Díaz, Manuel

doi:10.1016/j.jplph.2009.12.012

Cited by 37 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…In fact, the photochemical efficiency of PSII measured after the darkening period (Fv/Fm) remained almost constantly close to 0.8, the maximum value recorded under optimal environmental conditions for most plant species [44][45][46]. Signs of photoinhibition can be observed when Fv/Fm declines and thus a decrease of the photochemical efficiency of PSII, called the 'down-regulation of photochemistry', occurs, revealing permanent photoinhibition [47][48][49]. Furthermore, the increase in NPQ provides protection against damage by excessive energy, in agreement with previous studies on grapes [40], pepper [50] and Amur grapes (Vitis Amurensis Rupr.)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Estimation of Water Stress in Grapevines Using Proximal and Remote Sensing Methods

et al. 2018

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Abstract:In light of climate change and its impacts on plant physiology, optimizing water usage and improving irrigation practices play a crucial role in crop management. In recent years, new optical remote sensing techniques have become widespread since they allow a non-invasive evaluation of plant water stress dynamics in a timely manner. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) currently represent one of the most advanced platforms for remote sensing applications. In this study, remote and proximal sensing measurements were compared with plant physiological variables, with the aim of testing innovative services and support systems to farmers for optimizing irrigation practices and scheduling. The experiment, conducted in two vineyards located in Sardinia, Italy, consisted of two regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) treatments and two reference treatments maintained under stress and well-watered conditions. Indicators of crop water status (Crop Water Stress Index-CWSI-and linear thermal index) were calculated from UAV images and ground infrared thermal images and then related to physiological measurements. The CWSI values for moderate water deficit (RDI-1) were 0.72, 0.28 and 0.43 for 'Vermentino', 'Cabernet' and 'Cagnulari' respectively, while for severe (RDI-2) water deficit the values were 0.90, 0.34 and 0.51. The highest differences for net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and stomatal conductance (Gs) between RDI-1 and RDI-2 were observed in 'Vermentino'. The highest significant correlations were found between CWSI with Pn (R = −0.80), with Φ PSII (R = −0.49) and with Fv'/Fm' (R = −0.48) on 'Cagnulari', while a unique significant correlation between CWSI and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) (R = 0.47) was found on 'Vermentino'. Pn, as well as the efficiency of light use by the photosystem II (PSII), declined under stress conditions and when CWSI values increased. Under the experimental water stress conditions, grapevines were able to recover their efficiency during the night, activating a photosynthetic protection mechanism such as thermal energy dissipation (NPQ) to prevent irreversible damage to the photosystem. The results presented here demonstrate that CWSI values derived from remote and proximal sensors could be valuable indicators for the assessment of the spatial variability of crop water status in Mediterranean vineyards.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Estimation of Water Stress in Grapevines Using Proximal and Remote Sensing Methods

et al. 2018

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“…This might represent a common leaf adaption to hypoxia stress based on similar reports in oak (Pezeshki ) and citrus (Arbona et al ). The reduction in net photosynthesis has previously been attributed to stomatal closure, which reduces the CO 2 concentration within leaves (Gravatt and Kirby , Pascual et al ). However, other researchers have suggested that changes in hormone levels produced or elicited by hypoxia may induce stomatal closure and/or damage to the leaf photosynthetic apparatus (Bradford and Hsiao , Else et al ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting hypoxia tolerance and adaptation in Malus species is linked to differences in stomatal behavior and photosynthesis

Bai

et al. 2012

Physiologia Plantarum

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We examined the potential differences in tolerance to hypoxia by two species of apple rootstocks. Stomatal behavior and photosynthesis were compared between Malus sieversii and Malus hupehensis. Plants were hydroponically grown for 15 days in normoxic or hypoxic nutrient solutions. Those of M. sieversii showed much greater sensitivity, with exposure to hypoxia resulting in higher leaf concentrations of abscisic acid (ABA) that prompted stomatal closure. Compared with the control plants of that species, stomatal density was greater in both new and mature leaves under stress conditions. In contrast, stomatal density was significantly decreased in leaves from M. hupehensis, while stomatal length was unaffected. Under stress, the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and chlorophyll contents were markedly reduced in M. sieversii. The relatively hypoxia-tolerant genotype M. hupehensis, however, showed only minor changes in net photosynthesis or chlorophyll content, and only a slight decrease in stomatal conductance due to such treatment. Therefore, we conclude that the more tolerant M. hupehensis utilizes a better protective mechanism for retaining higher photosynthetic capacity than does the hypoxia-sensitive M. sieversii. Moreover, this contrast in tolerance and adaptation to stress is linked to differences in their stomatal behavior, photosynthetic capacity and possibly their patterns of native distribution.

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“…Menconi et al (1995) have suggested that plant water relations play a key role in the activation and modulation of an antioxidant defense mechanism under drought conditions. Leaf RWC serves as a reference parameter to reflect the intensity of moisture stress that is caused by a soil water deficit (Pascual et al 2010;Sánchez-Rodríguez et al 2010). In wheat, Rampino et al (2006) have identified those genotypes that are tolerant or sensitive to water stress, based on RWC values.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of rootstock on antioxidant system in leaves and roots of young apple trees in response to drought stress

Liu

Cheng

et al. 2012

Plant Growth Regul

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Grafting rootstocks are widely used to enhance plants resistance to various biologic and abiotic stresses. We determined how the rootstock genotype might influence plant responses to drought, using 2-year-old 'Gale Gala' apple trees grafted onto Malus sieversii and M. hupehensis. Under water stress, trees with the former as their rootstock had smaller reductions in rates of relative growth and photosynthesis, total biomass, leaf area, levels of leaf chlorophyll, and relative water content compared with those grafted onto the latter. They also had greater maximum photochemical efficiency and water-use efficiency. On the other hand, trees growing on M. sieversii rootstock had less production of superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide in both leaves and roots than those growing on M. hupehensis in response to drought stress. Furthermore, under drought conditions, leaves and roots from trees grafted onto M. sieversii had greater synthesis of ascorbic acid and glutathione, as well as higher activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, dehydroascorbate reductase, and glutathione reductase. These results suggest that the choice of grafting rootstock can enhance drought resistance by improving the antioxidant system in a plant. Here, 'Gale Gala' trees grafted onto M. sieversii were more droughtresistant than those on M. hupehensis rootstock.

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Photosynthetic response of pepper plants to wilt induced by Verticillium dahliae and soil water deficit

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Cited by 37 publications

References 53 publications

Estimation of Water Stress in Grapevines Using Proximal and Remote Sensing Methods

Estimation of Water Stress in Grapevines Using Proximal and Remote Sensing Methods

Contrasting hypoxia tolerance and adaptation in Malus species is linked to differences in stomatal behavior and photosynthesis

Influence of rootstock on antioxidant system in leaves and roots of young apple trees in response to drought stress

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