Photosynthetic Pigments of Symbiotic Dinoflagellates (Zooxanthellae) From Corals and Clams

Jeffrey, S. W.; Haxo, F. T.

doi:10.2307/1539622

Cited by 171 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…Jeffrey and Haxo 1968;Salih et al 2000;Dove et al 2001), both of which are known to respond to changes in water quality. Concentrations of chlorophyll a (and hence colour brightness) increase in response to exposure to elevated nutrients (Hoegh-Guldberg and Smith 1989; Table 2) and reduced irradiance (Falkowski and Dubinsky 1981;Dubinsky et al 1984) whereas symbiont density may decrease in response to sedimentation (Nugues and Roberts 2003) and exposure to pollutants, such as cyanide (Cervino et al 2003).…”

Section: Colony Brightnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioindicators of changes in water quality on coral reefs: review and recommendations for monitoring programmes

2009

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Effective environmental management requires monitoring programmes that provide specific links between changes in environmental conditions and ecosystem health. This article reviews the suitability of a range of bioindicators for use in monitoring programmes that link changes in water quality to changes in the condition of coral-reef ecosystems. From the literature, 21 candidate bioindicators were identified, whose responses to changes in water quality varied spatially and temporally; responses ranged from rapid (hours) changes within individual corals to long-term (years) changes in community composition. From this list, the most suitable bioindicators were identified by determining whether responses were (i) specific, (ii) monotonic, (iii) variable, (iv) practical and (v) ecologically relevant to management goals. For long-term monitoring programmes that aim to quantify the effects of chronic changes in water quality, 11 bioindicators were selected: symbiont photophysiology, colony brightness, tissue thickness and surface rugosity of massive corals, skeletal elemental and isotopic composition, abundance of macro-bioeroders, micro-and meiobenthic organisms such as foraminifera, coral recruitment, macroalgal cover, taxonomic richness of corals and the maximal depth of coralreef development. For short-term monitoring programmes, or environmental impact assessments that aim to quantify the effects of acute changes in water quality, a subset of seven of these bioindicators were selected, including partial mortality. Their choice will depend on the specific objectives and the timeframe available for each monitoring programme. An assessment framework is presented to assist in the selection of bioindicators to quantify the effects of changing water quality on coral-reef ecosystems.

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Section: Colony Brightnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioindicators of changes in water quality on coral reefs: review and recommendations for monitoring programmes

2009

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“…The major LH pigments are chlorophyll a (chl a), chlorophyll c 2 (chl c 2 ), and peridinin (per) that build different protein complexes to harvest available light energy (Iglesias-Prieto and Trench, 1997). Diadinoxanthin (ddx) and diatoxanthin (dtx) are components of the xanthophyll cycle in dinoflagellates, and together with ß-carotene (ß-car) comprise the PP pigments (Jeffrey and Haxo, 1968;Brown et al, 1999). ß-carotene is found in both photosystems together with chl a where it mainly acts as a sink for excess light energy, but also aids in stabilizing the photosystem structure (Kirk, 1994;Frank and Cogdell, 1996;Fromme et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesophotic coral depth acclimatization is a function of host-specific symbiont physiology

et al. 2015

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Mesophotic coral ecosystems receive increasing attention owing to their potential as deep coral refuges in times of global environmental change. Here, the mechanisms of coral holobiont photoacclimatization over a 60 m depth gradient in the central Red Sea were examined for the four coral genera Porites, Leptoseris, Pachyseris, and Podabacia. General acclimatization strategies were common to all host-symbiont combinations, e.g., Symbiodinium cell densities and photoprotective (PP) to light-harvesting pigment ratios both significantly decreased with water depth. Porites harbored Symbiodinium type C15 over the whole 60 m depth range, while Pachyseris and Podabacia had limited vertical distributions and hosted mainly Symbiodinium type C1. Symbiodinium type C15 had generally higher xanthophyll de-epoxidation rates and lower maximum quantum yields than C1, and also exhibited a strong photoacclimatory signal over depth that relates to the large distribution range of Porites. Interestingly, the coral host had an effect on Symbiodinium pigment composition. When comparing Symbiodinium type C1 in Podabacia and Pachyseris, the ß-carotene chl a −1 , the peridinin chl a −1 , and diadinoxanthin chl a −1 ratios were significantly different between host species. Our data support a view that depth acclimatization of corals in the mesophotics is facilitated by Symbiodinium physiology, which in turn is host-specific.

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“…Light absorption by corals is mainly due to the major photosynthetic pigments of the zooxanthellae: lightharvesting pigments (chlorophyll [Chl] a and c 2 , and peridinin) and photoprotective pigments (such as bcarotene, diadinoxanthin, and diatoxanthin) (Jeffrey and Haxo 1968;Lesser et al 2000). Additionally, fluorescent and nonfluorescent host pigments can contribute to the reflection and/or absorption in the blue-green part of the spectrum (Dove et al 1995;Salih et al 2000;Mazel and Fuchs 2003) and are responsible for the spectacular range of coral color hues (e.g., blue, green, pink).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal effects of tissue optics in symbiont‐bearing reef‐building corals

Jimenez

Larkum

Ralph

et al. 2012

Limnology & Oceanography

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Reflectance spectroscopy and microscale temperature measurements were used to investigate links between optical and thermal properties of corals. Coral tissue heating showed a species-specific linear correlation to the absorptance of incident irradiance. Heat budgets estimated from absorptance and thermal boundary layer measurements indicated differences in the relative contribution of convection and conduction to heat loss in Porites lobata and Stylophora pistillata, and a higher heat conduction into the skeleton of the thin-tissued branching S. pistillata as compared to the massive thick-tissued P. lobata. Decreasing absorptance associated with bleaching resulted in decreased surface warming of coral tissue. Action spectra of coral tissue heating showed elevated efficiency of heating at wavelengths corresponding to absorption maxima of major zooxanthellae photopigments. Generally, energy-rich radiation (, 500 nm) showed the highest heating efficiency. Speciesspecific relationships between coral tissue heating and absorptance can be strongly affected by differences in the thermal properties of the skeleton and/or tissue arrangement within the skeletal matrix, indicating a yet unresolved potential for coral shape, size, and tissue thickness to affect heat dissipation and especially the conduction of heat into the coral skeleton.

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Photosynthetic Pigments of Symbiotic Dinoflagellates (Zooxanthellae) From Corals and Clams

Cited by 171 publications

References 20 publications

Bioindicators of changes in water quality on coral reefs: review and recommendations for monitoring programmes

Bioindicators of changes in water quality on coral reefs: review and recommendations for monitoring programmes

Mesophotic coral depth acclimatization is a function of host-specific symbiont physiology

Thermal effects of tissue optics in symbiont‐bearing reef‐building corals

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