Photosynthetic Performance and Vegetative Growth in a New Red Leaf Pear: Comparison of Scion Genotypes Using a Complex, Grafted-Plant System

Abstract

Leaf photosynthetic performance of a new red-skinned inter-specific hybrid pear variety called ‘PremP009’ (PIQA®BOO®) is presently unknown and therefore was compared to the Asian pear variety ‘Hosui’. The seasonal growth patterns and the final dry matter accumulation of all tree components were also investigated for both genotypes in their first year of growth after grafting. Leaf gas exchange and tree growth comparisons were assessed using an innovative grafted plant system, which involved a bi-axis tree with the presence of combinations of identical or mixed (one of each genotype) ‘PremP009’ and ‘Hosui’ scion genotypes grafted onto a single clonal rootstock (‘Buerre Hardy’ BA29). This experimental grafted plant system allowed a technique for comparing leaf photosynthesis of two scion genotypes on the same root system, thereby avoiding between-plant differences in plant water relations. ‘PremP009’ had higher leaf photosynthesis and higher leaf mass compared with ‘Hosui.’ However, by the end of the first year of growth, primary shoots of ‘PremP009’ were shorter with fewer nodes, corresponding to less dry weight gain in primary shoot leaves and stems. This vegetative behavior of ‘PremP009’ is likely a response to the smaller individual leaf area in the early season affecting light capture that greatly limits dry matter accumulation of young trees.HIGHLIGHTS - The bi-axis grafting technique never showed before in a scientific paper presents a strategic system for a comparative study of red/green leaf photosynthetic performance and related dry matter partitioning.

Orchard Floor Management Affects Tree Functionality, Productivity and Water Consumption of a Late Ripening Peach Orchard under Semi-Arid Conditions

“…Solutions to the major threats encountered by the fruit production sector may be found through approaches that consider the soil-plant system as a whole and, therefore, address improving the entire orchard performance to cope with water scarcity and climate change [27,28]. Since orchards are particularly complex systems, different methods and approaches should be adopted under different, even contrasting, pedo-climatic, economic and social conditions [29]. Even lesser explored in horticulture, the use of different mulching material in the fruit orchard is deserving of particular interest.…”

Pest categorisation of Xylella taiwanensis

“…In Italy, for instance, the cultivation of Asian pear is no more commercially relevant (Ugo Palara, Consorzio Agrintesa, Faenza, Italy). Despite the negligible importance of P. pyrifolia in the EU, increasing interest is represented by new pear hybrids ( P. pyrifolia × P. communis × P. bretschneideri ) (Tozzi et al., 2018 ): new orchards and experimental fields are already established in Italy and France (CTIFL, 2022 ; Luigi Manfrini, University of Bologna, Italy).…”