Photosynthetic Apparatus of Spinach Exposed to Excess Copper

Baszyński, Tadeusz; Król, M.; Krupa, Zbigniew; Ruszkowska, M.; Wojcieska, U.; Wolińska, Danuta

doi:10.1016/s0044-328x(82)80163-3

Cited by 59 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Photosynthetic pigments were altered by high Cu levels and the most significant change was the increase in carotenoid concentration at high Cu concentration. The increase of chlorophyll a with increasing leaf tissues Cu concentration observed in Erica agrees with a previous report showing small increases in the content of photosynthetic pigments in plants exposed to high Cu levels (Baszyski et al 1982). However, leaf chlorosis has been frequently associated to the excess of Cu (Van Asshe and Clijsters 1990; Marschner 1995).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Uptake, localisation and physiological changes in response to copper excess in Erica andevalensis

et al. 2009

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Copper uptake, localisation and biochemical and physiological traits were studied in hydroponically-grown Erica andevalensis plants at different increasing concentrations of Cu (1 µM, 50 µM, 100 µM, 250 µM, and 500 µM). Increasing Cu concentration in the nutrient medium led to a significative reduction in plant growth rate, an increase in root Cu concentration, leaf photosynthetic pigments and root peroxidase activity. Copper accumulation followed the pattern roots>stems>leaves, a typical behaviour of metal-excluders. Copper treatments led to significant changes in the free amino acid composition in shoots and roots and the concentration of polyamines in shoots. Analysis by scanning electron microscopy coupled with elemental X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX) showed a partial restriction of upward Cu transport by root vascular tissues. In leaf tissues, Cu mostly accumulated in the abaxial epidermis, suggesting a mechanism of compartmentalization to restrict mesophyll accumulation. The toxic effects of excess Cu were avoided to a certain extent by root immobilization, tissue compartmentalization, synthesis of complexing amino acids and induction of enzymes to prevent oxidative damage are among mechanisms adopted by Erica andevalensis to thrive in acidic-metalliferous soils.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Uptake, localisation and physiological changes in response to copper excess in Erica andevalensis

et al. 2009

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“…The effect of excess Cu on the photosynthetic apparatus ofspinach plants was studied by Baszyfiski et al (3), and Lolkema and Vooijs (13) have investigated the effect of high copper concentrations on plastocyanin synthesis in Silene cucubalus leaves. Moreover, in vitro experiments on the phytotoxic action ofcopper on the photosynthetic electron transport system of isolated chloroplasts have also been conducted (20,26).…”

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confidence: 99%

Increased Levels of Peroxisomal Active Oxygen-Related Enzymes in Copper-Tolerant Pea Plants

Palma¹,

Gómez²,

Yáñez³

et al. 1987

Plant Physiol.

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The effect in vivo of high nutrient levels of copper (240 micromolar) on the activity of different metalloenzymes conaining Cu, Mn, Fe, and Zn, distributed in chloroplasts, peroxisomes, and mitochondria, was studied in leaves of two varieties ofPisum satiRvum L. plants with different sensitivity to copper. The metalloenzymes studied were: cytochrome c oxidase, Mn-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) and Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase I (Cu,Zn-SOD I1), for mitochondria; catalase and Mn-SOD, for peroxisomes; and isozyme C,Zn-SOD II for chloroplasts. The activity of mitochondrial SOD isozymes (Mn-SOD and Cu,Zn-SOD I) was very similar in Cu-tolerant and Cu-sensitive plants, whereas cytochrome c oxidase was lower in Cu-sensitive plants. Chloroplastid Cu,Zn-SOD activity was the same in the two plant varieties. In contrast, the peroxisomal Mn-SOD activity was considerably higher in Cu-tolerant than in Cu-sensitive plants, and the activity of catalase was also increased in peroxisomes of Cu-tolerant plants. The However, there is a paucity of information on the activity response of metalloenzymes present in different cell compartments of plant leaves to an enhanced pool of nutrient copper. Comparative studies of the activity of metalloenzymes in different cell organelles of copper tolerant and nontolerant plants grown in high Cu nutrient levels would allow deeper insights into the molecular mechanisms ofintracellular responses to plant toxicity and metal tolerance. These types of studies may also give information on possible alterations of metalloenzyme characteristics in metal-tolerant plants and on the adaptive nature of enzymes to metal stress in certain plants.The induction of a Mn-SOD3 in leaves of pea plants by high nutrient levels of zinc and manganese has been recently demonstrated (7), as well as the induction of Fe-superoxide dismutases in lemon leaves by iron (25). This suggested a possible involvement of the metalloenzyme family of SODs in the mechanism of plant tolerance to metal toxicity. SODs (EC 1.15.1.1) are a group of metalloenzymes that catalyze the disproportionation of superoxide free radicals (02O), produced in certain cellular loci, and appear to play an important role in protecting cells against the indirect lethal effect of O2 radicals (17). There are essentially three types of SODs containing either Mn, Fe, or Cu plus Zn as metal prosthetic groups (17).Leaves of pea plants contain three electrophoretically distinct SODs, a Mn-containing and two Cu,Zn-containing isozymes, named I and II in order of increasing mobility (7). The isozyme Mn-SOD has been fully characterized (24), as well as the two pea leaf Cu,Zn-SODs (9). By studies of subcellular distribution of SODs in pea leaves the presence of Mn-SOD has been demonstrated both in mitochondria and peroxisomes (6, 19) whereas isozyme Cu,Zn-SOD II was located in chloroplasts (15), and Cu,Zn-SOD I appeared to be distributed between mitochondria and the cytosol (19). This location of SOD isozymes in different cell compartments makes this metalloenzym...

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“…Several authors reported that a large proportion of the Cu absorbed by the plants is retained in the roots (MCNAIR 1981; BASZYNSKI et al 1982;TUKENDORF and BASZYNSKI 1985). LASTRA et al (1987) indicated that active uptake of Cu occurs by the binding of Cu2+ to a specific carrier (probably a polypeptide) located on the outer surface of root cell plasmalemma, and that the Cu2+ -ionophore complex is transported across the plasma membrane into the cytoplasm, where it changes configuration and releases Cu2+ into the cytoplasm.…”

Section: Brief Report 89mentioning

confidence: 99%