Photosynthetic and Respiratory Responses of Two Bog Shrub Species to Whole Ecosystem Warming and Elevated CO2 at the Boreal-Temperate Ecotone

Ward, Eric J.; Warren, Jeffrey M.; McLennan, David A.; Dusenge, Mirindi Eric; Wullschleger, Stan D.; Hanson, P. J.

doi:10.3389/ffgc.2019.00054

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Our modeling analysis at the ecosystem level from the northern peatland ecosystem is in line with the findings observed in these studies, and also supports the theory that climate alone can be used to predict the optimal reaction rate, irrespective of plant functional types (Smith et al 2019). Physiological acclimation we found in this study may be associated with acclimation of newly emerged and overwintered leaves, but not mature leaves of shrub species in this ecosystem (Ward et al 2019).…”

Section: Thermal Acclimation Of Plant Photosynthesis and Autotrophic ...supporting

confidence: 90%

Thermal acclimation of plant photosynthesis and autotrophic respiration in a northern peatland

Jiang

Wilson

et al. 2023

Environ. Res.: Climate

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Peatlands contain one-third of global soil carbon (C), but the responses of peatland ecosystems to long-term warming are not well understood. Here, we pursue an emergent understanding of warming effects on ecosystem C fluxes at peatlands by constraining a process-oriented model, the Terrestrial ECOsystem (TECO) model, with observation data from a long-term warming experiment at the Spruce and Peatland Responses Under Changing Environments (SPRUCE) site. Model-based assessments show that ecosystem-level photosynthesis and autotrophic respiration exhibited significant thermal acclimation, with temperature sensitivities being linearly decreased with warming. Using the thermal acclimated parameter values, simulated gross primary production (GPP), net primary production (NPP), and plant autotrophic respiration (Ra), were all lower than those simulated with non-thermal acclimated parameter values. In contrast, ecosystem respiration (ER) simulated with thermal acclimated parameter values was higher than that simulated with non-thermal acclimated parameter values. Net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) was much higher after constraining model parameters with observational data from the warming treatments, releasing C at a rate of 28.3 g C m-2 yr-1 °C-1. Our data-model integration study suggests that peatlands are likely to release more C than previously estimated. Earth system models may overestimate C uptake by peatlands under warming if physiological thermal acclimation of plants is not incorporated. Thus, it is critical to consider the long-term physiological thermal acclimation of plants in the models to better predict global C dynamics under future climate and their feedback to climate change.

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Section: Thermal Acclimation Of Plant Photosynthesis and Autotrophic ...supporting

confidence: 90%

Thermal acclimation of plant photosynthesis and autotrophic respiration in a northern peatland

Jiang

Wilson

et al. 2023

Environ. Res.: Climate

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“…Our findings of increased starch content in root under the treatments combining warming with elevated CO 2 (Figure 4B) indicated that the positive feedback of C assimilation under CO 2 elevation (Moore et al, 1997) may mitigate C losses in root (Figure 1C) during warming (Habermann et al, 2019;Stitt and Krapp, 1999;Ward et al, 2019). Moreover, belowground biomass is stimulated more than above-ground biomass under elevated CO 2 (Wang and Wang, 2021;Wang et al, 2022) and surplus C is therefore partly translocated from leaf to root reserves (Kilpeläinen et al, 2022;Prescott et al, 2020), which might also account for our results of high starch accumulation in root under the treatment of warmingÂelevated CO 2 (Figure 4B).…”

Section: Other Global Change Drivers Combined With Warming Mainly Aff...mentioning

confidence: 72%

Divergent effects of warming on nonstructural carbohydrates in woody plants: a meta‐analysis

He,

Shi,

et al. 2023

Physiologia Plantarum

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Nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC, including soluble sugars and starch) are essential for supporting growth and survival of woody plants, and play multifunctional roles in various ecophysiological processes that are being rapidly changed by climate warming. However, it still remains unclear whether there is a consistent response pattern of NSC dynamics in woody plants to climate warming across organ types and species taxa.Here, based on a compiled database of 52 woody plant species worldwide, we conducted a meta‐analysis to investigate the effects of experimental warming on NSC dynamics.Our results indicated that the responses of NSC dynamics to warming were primarily driven by the fluctuations of starch, while soluble sugars did not undergo significant changes. The effects of warming on NSC shifted from negative to positive with the extension of warming duration, while the negative warming effects on NSC became more pronounced as warming magnitude increased.Overall, our study showed the divergent responses of NSC and its components in different organs of woody plants to experimental warming, suggesting a potentially changed carbon (C) balance in woody plants in future global warming. Thus, our findings highlight that predicting future changes in plant functions and terrestrial C cycle requires a mechanism understanding of how NSC is linked to a specific global change driver.

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“…Both species are semievergreen and retain their foliage into a second year; however, R. groenlandicum maintains greater function, longer into the second year than C. calyculata (Jensen et al, 2019; Reader, 1978). Further, in response to warming at the SPRUCE site, overwintered R. groenlandicum respiration acclimated to T , while alternately, C. calyculata photosynthesis declined with T , indicating a divergence in response (Ward et al 2019). In another ombrotrophic bog, early loss of overwintered leaves by clipping led to a reduction in stem growth in R. groenlandicum , but not in C. calyculata (Reader, 1978), which also supports differences in the role of overwintered leaves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Divergent species‐specific impacts of whole ecosystem warming and elevated CO₂ on vegetation water relations in an ombrotrophic peatland

Warren

Jensen

Ward

et al. 2021

Global Change Biology

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Boreal peatland forests have relatively low species diversity and thus impacts of climate change on one or more dominant species could shift ecosystem function. Despite abundant soil water availability, shallowly rooted vascular plants within peatlands may not be able to meet foliar demand for water under drought or heat events that increase vapor pressure deficits while reducing near surface water availability, although concurrent increases in atmospheric CO2 could buffer resultant hydraulic stress. We assessed plant water relations of co‐occurring shrub (primarily Rhododendron groenlandicum and Chamaedaphne calyculata) and tree (Picea mariana and Larix laricina) species prior to, and in response to whole ecosystem warming (0 to +9°C) and elevated CO2 using 12.8‐m diameter open‐top enclosures installed within an ombrotrophic bog. Water relations (water potential [Ψ], turgor loss point, foliar and root hydraulic conductivity) were assessed prior to treatment initiation, then Ψ and peak sap flow (trees only) assessed after 1 or 2 years of treatments. Under the higher temperature treatments, L. laricina Ψ exceeded its turgor loss point, increased its peak sap flow, and was not able to recover Ψ overnight. In contrast, P. mariana operated below its turgor loss point and maintained constant Ψ and sap flow across warming treatments. Similarly, C. calyculata Ψ stress increased with temperature while R. groenlandicum Ψ remained at pretreatment levels. The more anisohydric behavior of L. laricina and C. calyculata may provide greater net C uptake with warming, while the more conservative P. mariana and R. groenlandicum maintained greater hydraulic safety. These latter species also responded to elevated CO2 by reduced Ψ stress, which may also help limit hydraulic failure during periods of extreme drought or heat in the future. Along with Sphagnum moss, the species‐specific responses of peatland vascular communities to drier or hotter conditions will shape boreal peatland composition and function in the future.

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Photosynthetic and Respiratory Responses of Two Bog Shrub Species to Whole Ecosystem Warming and Elevated CO2 at the Boreal-Temperate Ecotone

Cited by 11 publications

References 50 publications

Thermal acclimation of plant photosynthesis and autotrophic respiration in a northern peatland

Thermal acclimation of plant photosynthesis and autotrophic respiration in a northern peatland

Divergent effects of warming on nonstructural carbohydrates in woody plants: a meta‐analysis

Divergent species‐specific impacts of whole ecosystem warming and elevated CO₂ on vegetation water relations in an ombrotrophic peatland

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Photosynthetic and Respiratory Responses of Two Bog Shrub Species to Whole Ecosystem Warming and Elevated CO2 at the Boreal-Temperate Ecotone

Cited by 11 publications

References 50 publications

Thermal acclimation of plant photosynthesis and autotrophic respiration in a northern peatland

Thermal acclimation of plant photosynthesis and autotrophic respiration in a northern peatland

Divergent effects of warming on nonstructural carbohydrates in woody plants: a meta‐analysis

Divergent species‐specific impacts of whole ecosystem warming and elevated CO2 on vegetation water relations in an ombrotrophic peatland

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Divergent species‐specific impacts of whole ecosystem warming and elevated CO₂ on vegetation water relations in an ombrotrophic peatland