Photosynthetic and Biomass Allocation Responses of Liquidambar styraciflua (Hamamelidaceae) to Vine Competition

Dillenburg, Lúcia Rebello; Teramura, Alan H.; Forseth, Irwin N.; Whigham, Dennis F.

doi:10.2307/2445691

Cited by 41 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Soil NO 3 concentration has been found to increase slightly after fire on other mesic hardwood sites in southwestern Wisconsin (Knighton 1977). The increases in foliar N concentration (Kruger and Reich 1997b) and LWR observed in this study are typical responses to an increase in soil N availability (Phares 1971;Walters and Reich 1989;Burton and Bazzaz 1995;Dillenburg et al 1995).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

“…As has been observed in controlled environments (Loach 1970;Farmer 1980;Walters et al 1993), tree growth rate in a natural setting was governed by no single attribute (Poorter et al 1990), but rather by a combination of physiological, morphological, and allocational characteristics. Moreover, key traits were seen to vary in accord with intrinsic (e.g., root area/leaf area ratio) as well as extrinsic factors controlling resource availability to the plant (Walters and Reich 1989;Millard and Proe 1991;Kruger and Reich 1993;Burton and Bazzaz 1995;Dillenburg et al 1995). For reasons that were not entirely clear, northern red oak was able to reestablish a large canopy and grow rapidly after fire, whereas sugar maple was not.…”

Section: Species Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Responses of hardwood regeneration to fire in mesic forest openings. III. Whole-plant growth, biomass distribution, and nitrogen and carbohydrate relations

Kruger¹

1997

Can. J. For. Res.

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The effects of fire on the carbon and nitrogen balance of northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.), white ash (Fraxinus americana L.), and sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) regeneration were studied in mesic openings in a hardwood forest. A plot in each of four openings was burned in the spring of both 1989 and 1990. Relative growth rate, leaf weight ratio, and concentrations of nonstructural carbohydrate and N were monitored on planted and extant regeneration in burned and nonburned plots. In the absence of fire, extant oak grew as rapidly as ash and maple, but the relative growth rate of planted oak was the lowest of any species or regeneration type. Repeated burning had little effect on the net growth of oak, but it decreased that of ash and maple by 24-85%. Fire effects on relative growth rate were mediated primarily by changes in leaf weight ratio, but the causes underlying these changes were not fully elucidated. They were not consistent with trends in plant nonstructural carbohydrate or N concentration, which increased or remained unaffected after fire in all species. In general, oak possessed a number of characteristics, such as a high root starch concentration and an abundance of belowground dormant buds, which appeared to contribute to its post-fire vigor.Résumé : Les effets du feu sur le bilan du carbone et de l'azote chez la régénération de chêne rouge (Quercus rubra L.), de frêne d'Amérique (Fraxinus americana L.) et d'érable à sucre (Acer saccharum Marsh.) ont été étudiés dans des ouvertures mésiques dans une forêt feuillue. Dans chacune des quatre ouvertures, une parcelle a été brûlée aux printemps en 1989 et 1990. Le taux relatif de croissance, le ratio du poids du feuillage et la concentration des hydrates de carbone non structuraux et de N ont été suivis chez la régénération artificielle et existante dans des parcelles brûlées et témoins. En l'absence de feu, la régénération existante de chêne se développait aussi rapidement que celle du frêne et de l'érable mais le taux relatif de croissance des chênes qui avaient été plantés était le plus faible de toutes les espèces et de tous les types de régénération. Le brûlage répété avait peu d'effet sur la croissance nette du chêne mais il diminuait la croissance du frêne et de l'érable de 24 à 85%. Les effets du feu sur le taux relatif de croissance étaient dus principalement aux changements dans le ratio du poids du feuillage mais les causes à l'origine de ces changements n'ont pas été totalement éclaircies. Ils n'étaient pas consistents avec les tendances dans la concentration des hydrates de carbone non structuraux et de N dans les plants. En général, le chêne possède plusieurs caractéristiques, telles une forte concentration en amidon dans les racines et un grand nombre de bourgeons dormants souterrains, qui semblent contribuer à sa vigueur après feu. [Traduit par la Rédaction]

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Section: Species Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of hardwood regeneration to fire in mesic forest openings. III. Whole-plant growth, biomass distribution, and nitrogen and carbohydrate relations

Kruger¹

1997

Can. J. For. Res.

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“…Lianas also compete with trees for belowground resources (Dillenburg et al . , Schnitzer et al . , Álvarez‐Cansino et al .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive synthesis of liana removal experiments in tropical forests

Estrada‐Villegas

Schnitzer

2018

Biotropica

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Lianas are a quintessential feature of tropical forests and are often perceived as being poorly studied. However, liana removal studies may be one of the most common experimental manipulations in tropical forest ecology. In this review, we synthesize data from 64 tropical liana removal experiments conducted over the past 90 yr. We explore the direction and magnitude of the effects of lianas on tree establishment, growth, survival, reproduction, biomass accretion, and plant and animal diversity in ecological and forestry studies. We discuss the geographical biases of liana removal studies and compare the various methods used to manipulate lianas. Overall, we found that lianas have a clear negative effect on trees, and trees benefitted from removing lianas in nearly every study across all forest types. Liana cutting significantly increased light and water availability, and trees responded with vastly greater reproduction, growth, survival, and biomass accumulation compared to controls where lianas were present. Removing lianas during logging significantly reduced damage of future merchantable trees and improved timber production. Our review demonstrates that lianas have an unequivocally detrimental effect on every metric of tree performance measured, regardless of forest type, forest age, or geographic location. However, lianas also appear to have a positive contribution to overall forest plant diversity and to different animal groups. Therefore, managing lianas reduces logging damage and improves timber production; however, the removal lianas may also have a negative effect on the faunal community, which could ultimately harm the plant community.

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“…There is now overwhelming evidence that lianas severely reduce tree growth (Putz , Clark & Clark , Dillenburg et al . , , Gerwing , Grauel & Putz , Schnitzer et al . , Campanello et al .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Liana Impacts on Carbon Cycling, Storage and Sequestration in Tropical Forests

et al. 2013

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Mature tropical forests sequester large quantities of atmospheric CO 2 , which they store as plant biomass. These forests are changing however, including an increase in liana abundance and biomass over recent decades in Neotropical forests. We ask here how this increase in lianas might impact the tropical forest carbon cycle and their capacity for carbon storage and sequestration. Lianas reduce tree growth, survival, and leaf productivity; however, lianas also invest significantly in leaf production, and the increase in lianas could conceivably offset liana-induced reductions in tree canopy productivity with no adverse effects to the forest-level canopy productivity. By contrast, lianas decrease the total ecosystem uptake of carbon by reducing tree biomass productivity. Lianas themselves invest little in woody biomass, and store and sequester only a small proportion of the biomass in tropical forests. As lianas increase they may effectively displace trees, but the greater liana carbon stocks are unlikely to compensate for liana-induced losses in net carbon sequestration and storage by trees. A potentially important additional consideration is the impact of lianas on the tree community. By competing more intensely with shade-tolerant, more densely wooded trees than with fast-growing, light-wooded trees, lianas may shift tree composition toward faster-growing species, which store relatively little carbon, and thereby further reduce the carbon storage capacity of tropical forests. Overall, current evidence indicates that the increase in lianas will negatively impact the carbon balance of tropical forests, with potentially far-reaching consequences for global atmospheric CO 2 levels and associated climate change.Abstract in Spanish is available in the online version of this article

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Photosynthetic and Biomass Allocation Responses of Liquidambar styraciflua (Hamamelidaceae) to Vine Competition

Cited by 41 publications

References 23 publications

Responses of hardwood regeneration to fire in mesic forest openings. III. Whole-plant growth, biomass distribution, and nitrogen and carbohydrate relations

Responses of hardwood regeneration to fire in mesic forest openings. III. Whole-plant growth, biomass distribution, and nitrogen and carbohydrate relations

A comprehensive synthesis of liana removal experiments in tropical forests

Liana Impacts on Carbon Cycling, Storage and Sequestration in Tropical Forests

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