Photosynthetic activities of vegetative and fruiting tissues of tomato

Hetherington, Suzan E.; Smillie, Robert M.; Davies, W. J.

doi:10.1093/jxb/49.324.1173

Cited by 98 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…These highest ETR values were not only a result of the highest incident light on leaflets (figure3), but they were mainly due to the effective quantum yield of PSII (∆F/F 'max ) being higher in leaflets than in fruits. Using chlorophyll fluorescence techniques to access the photosynthetic activity of vegetative and fruiting tissues of tomato fruits, Hetherington et al (1998) found that the maximum ETR varied from 110 to 330 µmol.m -2 .s -1 , with the highest values measured in leaf lamina and the lowest ones for fruit, a result similar to that obtained in the present study. (March, 27, 2001).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The majority of the studies on photosynthesis of fruits has been performed by the quantification of CO 2 exchange (Goldstein et al, 1991;Pavel and DeJong, 1993;Blanke and Whiley, 1995;Marcelis and Hofman-Eijer, 1995), and, more recently, by chlorophyll fluorescence measurements (Hetherington et al 1998;Smille et al, 1999). Most studies on photosynthesis in fruits have focused mainly on species of economic importance, while similar studies on wild species are relatively rare (Goldstein et al, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative stomatal conductance and chlorophyll a fluorescence in leaves vs. fruits of the cerrado legume tree, Dalbergia miscolobium

Filho¹,

Isaías²

2004

Braz. J. Plant Physiol.

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The aim of this study was to compare water vapor conductance and chlorophyll a fluorescence between leaflets and fruits of Dalbergia miscolobium, the Jacaranda tree. The frequency of stomata on the leaflets was 20 times higher than that observed on the fruits, and this was related with the lower conductance of the fruits in comparison with the leaflets. The potential quantum yield of PSII (F v /F max ) was significantly lower in fruits than in leaflets. The F v /F max values for leaflets increased to over 0.8 during the afternoon, indicating the occurrence of dynamic photoinhibition. In contrast, F v /F max values for fruits remained low even at early morning, indicating the occurrence of chronic photoinhibition. The maximum values of effective quantum yield (∆F/F 'm ), and of the apparent electron transport rate (ETRmax) were higher in leaflets than in fruits. It was concluded that, like other green tissues, the pericarp of D. miscolobium was photosynthetically active, and therefore can contribute to the maintenance of the fruits and/or to the development of the seeds. Key words: jacaranda tree, stomata, quantum efficiency of PSII, water vapor conductance.Comparação da condutância estomática e da fluorescência da clorofila a entre folhas e frutos de Dalbegia miscolobium, uma árvore do cerrado: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar, comparativamente, a condutância ao vapor d'água e a eficiência fotoquímica, utilizando medidas de fluorescência da clorofila a, em folíolos e frutos de Dalbergia miscolobium, o jacarandá-do-cerrado. A freqüência de estômatos nos folíolos foi 20 vezes superior à dos frutos, e este fato foi relacionado aos menores valores de condutância nos últimos, em comparação aos dos folíolos. O rendimento quântico potencial do PSII (F v /F max ) foi significativamente inferior nos frutos quando comparados aos folíolos. Os valores de F v /F max para os folíolos aumentaram, durante a tarde, para acima de 0,8, indicando fotoinibição dinâmica. Para os frutos, os valores de F v /F max permaneceram baixos, mesmo no início da manhã, revelando a fotoinibição crônica. As folhas apresentaram maior rendimento quântico efetivo (∆F/F 'max ) e maior taxa aparente de transporte de elétrons (ETR) do que os frutos. Pode-se concluir que o pericarpo dos frutos de D. miscolobium, como outros tecidos verdes apresentam alguma atividade fotossintética, podendo, portanto, contribuir para a manutenção dos frutos e/ou para o desenvolvimento das sementes. Palavras-chave: jacarandá-do-cerrado, condutância ao vapor d'água, eficiência quântica do PSII, estômato. INTRODUCTIONReproductive plant organs impose a significant energy and carbon demand in relation to the total plant dry mass production (Bazzaz et al., 1979), since significant quantities of assimilates are translocated from leaves to flowers and developing fruits (Pavel and DeJong, 1993).

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative stomatal conductance and chlorophyll a fluorescence in leaves vs. fruits of the cerrado legume tree, Dalbergia miscolobium

Filho¹,

Isaías²

2004

Braz. J. Plant Physiol.

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“…In tomato, photosynthesis in developing fruit can contribute up to 20% of the fruit photosynthate, and light-harvesting electron transfer and CO 2 fixation proteins are conserved in the active state in fruit tissue (Blanke and Lenz, 1989;Hetherington et al, 1998;Carrara et al, 2001;Matas et al, 2011). Yet, the prevailing idea is that fruit growth and metabolism are predominantly supported by photoassimilate supply from the source (Ruan et al, 2012), and in this regard, our data cannot rule out that the higher sugar content observed in the transgenic lines could also arise from a more efficient import of photoassimilate into fruit.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SlARF4, an Auxin Response Factor Involved in the Control of Sugar Metabolism during Tomato Fruit Development

et al. 2013

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Successful completion of fruit developmental programs depends on the interplay between multiple phytohormones. However, besides ethylene, the impact of other hormones on fruit quality traits remains elusive. A previous study has shown that downregulation of SlARF4, a member of the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) auxin response factor (ARF) gene family, results in a darkgreen fruit phenotype with increased chloroplasts (Jones et al., 2002). This study further examines the role of this auxin transcriptional regulator during tomato fruit development at the level of transcripts, enzyme activities, and metabolites. It is noteworthy that the dark-green phenotype of antisense SlARF4-suppressed lines is restricted to fruit, suggesting that SlARF4 controls chlorophyll accumulation specifically in this organ. The SlARF4 underexpressing lines accumulate more starch at early stages of fruit development and display enhanced chlorophyll content and photochemical efficiency, which is consistent with the idea that fruit photosynthetic activity accounts for the elevated starch levels. SlARF4 expression is high in pericarp tissues of immature fruit and then undergoes a dramatic decline at the onset of ripening concomitant with the increase in sugar content. The higher starch content in developing fruits of SlARF4 down-regulated lines correlates with the up-regulation of genes and enzyme activities involved in starch biosynthesis, suggesting their negative regulation by SlARF4. Altogether, the data uncover the involvement of ARFs in the control of sugar content, an essential feature of fruit quality, and provide insight into the link between auxin signaling, chloroplastic activity, and sugar metabolism in developing fruit.

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“…(2) Natural variation in leaf morphology may affect photosynthetic efficiencies through physiological parameters (Nicotra et al, 2011;Chitwood et al, 2012a). The latter hypothesis is particularly intriguing considering that >80% of sugars in the fruit are produced directly by photosynthesis in leaves and subsequently translocated through the phloem (Heatherington et al, 1998;Lytovchenko et al, 2011). Nonetheless, fruit photosynthesis has been demonstrated to significantly affect the accumulation of fruit sugars (Powell et al, 2012), and the role of fruit morphology in this process remains to be more fully explored.…”

Section: Association Between Photosynthetic Gene Expression and Leaf mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Quantitative Genetic Basis for Leaf Morphology in a Set of Precisely Defined Tomato Introgression Lines

et al. 2013

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Introgression lines (ILs), in which genetic material from wild tomato species is introgressed into a domesticated background, have been used extensively in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) improvement. Here, we genotype an IL population derived from the wild desert tomato Solanum pennellii at ultrahigh density, providing the exact gene content harbored by each line. To take advantage of this information, we determine IL phenotypes for a suite of vegetative traits, ranging from leaf complexity, shape, and size to cellular traits, such as stomatal density and epidermal cell phenotypes. Elliptical Fourier descriptors on leaflet outlines provide a global analysis of highly heritable, intricate aspects of leaf morphology. We also demonstrate constraints between leaflet size and leaf complexity, pavement cell size, and stomatal density and show independent segregation of traits previously assumed to be genetically coregulated. Meta-analysis of previously measured traits in the ILs shows an unexpected relationship between leaf morphology and fruit sugar levels, which RNA-Seq data suggest may be attributable to genetically coregulated changes in fruit morphology or the impact of leaf shape on photosynthesis. Together, our results both improve upon the utility of an important genetic resource and attest to a complex, genetic basis for differences in leaf morphology between natural populations.

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Photosynthetic activities of vegetative and fruiting tissues of tomato

Cited by 98 publications

References 20 publications

Comparative stomatal conductance and chlorophyll a fluorescence in leaves vs. fruits of the cerrado legume tree, Dalbergia miscolobium

Comparative stomatal conductance and chlorophyll a fluorescence in leaves vs. fruits of the cerrado legume tree, Dalbergia miscolobium

SlARF4, an Auxin Response Factor Involved in the Control of Sugar Metabolism during Tomato Fruit Development

A Quantitative Genetic Basis for Leaf Morphology in a Set of Precisely Defined Tomato Introgression Lines

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