Photosynthesis and water relations of grapevines growing in Portugal - response to environmental factors

Chaves, M. M.; Rodrigues, Marcelo

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-70868-8_23

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Alguns estudos revelam que fatores não-estomáticos, como por exemplo, redução da atividade e concentração da enzima Ribulose 1-5 bifosfato carboxilase oxigenase (rubisco), fotoinibição e redução da eficiência fotoquímica do fotossistema II, podem estar envolvidos na limitação não-estomática da fotossíntese (Chaves & Rodrigues, 1987;Chartzoulakis et al, 1993;Patakas, 1993). Neste período, a eficiência de carboxilação da cultivar Niágara Rosada , em condições irrigadas, foi superior às das plantas estressadas, o que pode ter levado a um aumento da fotossíntese (Figura 3).…”

Section: Porta-enxertounclassified

“…de Biologia, Caixa Postal 37, CEP 37200-000 Lavras, MG. E-mail: amsoares@ufla.br (4) Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais, Fazenda Experimental de Caldas, Caixa Postal 33, CEP 37780-000 Caldas, MG. E-mail: mregina@pcs.matrix.com.br foliar, o que causa a queda na fotossíntese. Nos úl-timos anos, têm sido realizados diversos trabalhos que evidenciam diferenças varietais na regulação da atividade fotossintética em situação de estresse, permitindo que avaliações fisiológicas, como as medidas de trocas gasosas, possam ser utilizadas para discriminar cultivares de videira quanto à resistência ao déficit hídrico (Chaves, 1986;Chaves & Rodrigues, 1987;During, 1987;Nagarajah, 1989;Winkel & Rambal, 1993;Poni et al, 1994;Regina & Carbonneau, 1996;Schultz, 1997). Além do comportamento varietal, as diferentes combinações de porta-enxerto e copa revelam comportamentos característicos em relação às trocas gasosas e hídricas de videira, afetando o grau de tolerância à seca, uma vez que o comportamento fisioló-gico da parte aérea pode ser afetado pelo genótipo do porta-enxerto (Scienza et al, 1980;Carbonneau, 1985;Iacono et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Trocas gasosas de mudas de videira, obtidas por dois porta-enxertos, submetidas à deficiência hídrica

Souza

Soares

Regina

2001

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da deficiência hídrica e de dois porta-enxertos nas trocas gasosas de mudas de videira cultivadas em vasos, nas condições de casa de vegetação. Utilizou-se como copa a 'Niágara Rosada' (Vitis labrusca), e como porta-enxertos, o 101-14 (V. riparia) e o 1103 Paulsen (V. rupestris x V. berlandieri). Doze dias após a suspensão da rega, o potencial hídrico foliar da combinação 'Niágara Rosada'/101-14 apresentou os menores valores (-2,80 MPa) em relação à 'Niágara Rosada'/1103 Paulsen (-2,10 MPa) nas plantas não-irrigadas, enquanto o teor relativo de água variou apenas entre os tratamentos hídricos. Com a evolução do estresse hídrico, houve uma sensível redução nas trocas gasosas da cultivar 'Niágara Rosada', que apresentaram valores próximos de zero, devido ao fechamento dos estômatos, sem diferenças entre os porta-enxertos. Somente após 12 dias sem rega, os porta-enxertos influenciaram a eficiência no uso da água e eficiência fotoquímica do fotossistema II, onde a 'Niágara Rosada' enxertada sobre o 101-14 apresentou valores inferiores ao 1103 Paulsen. Entretanto, durante o período de suspensão da rega, os porta-enxertos não influenciaram as trocas gasosas da cultivar 'Niágara Rosada', e apresentaram comportamento semelhante em condições de baixa disponibilidade hídrica.

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Section: Porta-enxertounclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified

Trocas gasosas de mudas de videira, obtidas por dois porta-enxertos, submetidas à deficiência hídrica

Souza

Soares

Regina

2001

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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“…These water stress periods may reduce yield and compromise berry quality. These effects, depending on the time of occurrence and intensity of drought period, are mainly produced by a shortening of shoot elongation ), a decreased carbon assimilation (Chaves and Rodrigues 1987;Schultz 1996), poor reproductive development (Matthews and Anderson 1989), with decreased berry growth (Ojeda et al 2001) and an accentuated leaf senescence and abscission, contributing to fruit sunburn (Kliewer et al 1983;Smart and Robinson 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial rootzone drying: effects on growth and fruit quality of field-grown grapevines (Vitis vinifera)

Santos¹,

Lopes²,

Rodrigues³

et al. 2003

Functional Plant Biol.

218

124

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Abstract. A study to assess the effects of the Partial Rootzone Drying (PRD) irrigation strategy in comparison to other irrigation systems was carried out in southern Portugal in two field-grown grapevines varieties, Moscatel and Castelão. We addressed the question of whether by regulating growth and plant water use, the PRD system would enable an equilibrated vegetative development, leading to a favourable capture of solar radiation for photoassimilate production and, at the same time to provide an optimum environment for fruit maturation. Three irrigation schemes were applied in addition to the non-irrigated (NI) vines: partial root drying (PRD), 50% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc), supplied to only one side of the root system while the other one was allowed to dry, alternating sides every 15 days; deficit irrigated (DI), 50% ETc supplied, half to each side of the root system and full irrigated (FI, 100% ETc). During the whole season FI plants of both varieties exhibited a high leaf predawn water potential (ψ pd , ca -0.2 MPa) while a progressive decline was observed in NI plants, reaching ψ pd values near -0.7 MPa at the end of August. PRD and DI presented intermediate values. PRD vines exhibited a stronger control over vegetative growth as compared with DI and FI plants. This was expressed by lower values of total leaf area at harvest, leaf layer number, canopy wideness and water shoots number, allowing a higher light interception at the cluster zone that induced an improvement in some berry quality characteristics. Watering had no significant effects on sugar accumulation in the berries but led to a favourable increase in the must titratable acidity, mainly in Castelão. Whereas in DI and FI treatments berry skin anthocyanins and phenols content were always lower than in NI, in PRD there was either no reduction or the reduction was much lower than in the other irrigation treatments. Water use efficiency (WUE) was increased by about 80% in PRD and DI when compared with FI, as a result of almost similar yields in the three treatments. Yield gains of irrigated plants in relation to NI were modest, explained by the rainy spring in both years.

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“…In summer, grapevines are often subjected to soil water deficits combined with high solar irradiance, high temperature and high vapour pressure deficit, which reduces leaf gas exchange and negatively affects grape yield and quality (Kliewer et al 1983;Chaves and Rodrigues 1987;Schultz 1996). Stomatal closure appears to be the main cause for the decrease in the photosynthetic rate under mild drought conditions (Chaves 1991;Cornic 2000.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial rootzone drying: regulation of stomatal aperture and carbon assimilation in field-grown grapevines (Vitis vinifera cv. Moscatel)

Souza¹,

Marôco²,

Santos³

et al. 2003

Functional Plant Biol.

158

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Abstract. The effects of 'partial rootzone drying' (PRD) irrigation compared with other irrigation systems, namely non-irrigated (NI), full irrigation (FI) and deficit irrigation (DI), on stomatal conductance and carbon assimilation were evaluated in field-grown grapevines (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Moscatel). At the end of the growing season, pre-dawn leaf water potential was highest in FI (-0.18 ± 0.01 MPa; mean ± s.e.), intermediate in PRD (-0.30 ± 0.01 MPa) and DI (-0.36 ± 0.02 MPa), and lowest in NI vines (-0.64 ± 0.03 MPa). Stomatal conductance measured under controlled conditions of light and temperature was reduced in NI (ca 60%) and PRD (ca 30%) vines compared with DI and FI vines. Under ambient conditions, NI vines had lower rates of stomatal conductance (ca 26%), net CO 2 assimilation (ca 28%) and light-adapted PSII quantum yields (ca 47%) than PRD, DI and FI vines. No significant differences were found among the three irrigated treatments. Both maximum electron transport rate (J max ; ca 30%) and triose-phosphate utilization rates (TPU; ca 20%) were significantly lower in NI and PRD vines than in DI and FI vines. Carbon isotope composition (δ 13 C) of grape berries was highest in NI vines (-24.3‰), followed by PRD (-25.4‰) and DI (-25.8‰) and lowest in FI (-26.4‰) vines, suggesting a long-term increase in the efficiency of leaf gas exchange in NI compared with PRD, DI and FI vines. Sap-flow data and estimates of relative stomatal limitation are in accordance with the observed stomatal closure in PRD vines. In this study, we show that PRD irrigation was able to maintain a vine water status closed to FI, but with double water use efficiency, which was due to a reduction of stomatal conductance with no significant decrease in carbon assimilation.

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Photosynthesis and water relations of grapevines growing in Portugal - response to environmental factors

Cited by 22 publications

References 9 publications

Trocas gasosas de mudas de videira, obtidas por dois porta-enxertos, submetidas à deficiência hídrica

Trocas gasosas de mudas de videira, obtidas por dois porta-enxertos, submetidas à deficiência hídrica

Partial rootzone drying: effects on growth and fruit quality of field-grown grapevines (Vitis vinifera)

Partial rootzone drying: regulation of stomatal aperture and carbon assimilation in field-grown grapevines (Vitis vinifera cv. Moscatel)

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