Photosynthate allocation in <i>Pinus</i><i>taeda</i>. I. Substrate requirements for synthesis of shoot biomass

Chung, Hyun Hee; Barnes, Robert L.

doi:10.1139/x77-015

Cited by 82 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…Computing growth respiration by chemical analysis and relative growth rate yields more conservative and more consistent estimates than those obtained by gas exchange (see Sprugel et al 1995). For example, our estimates of construction respiration are within the range of values (0.15±0.65 g C g DW A1 ) derived from biochemical pathway analysis (Chung and Barnes 1977;Amthor 1994). When robust estimates of relative growth rate are available, this method provides a means to integrate over time intervals from months to years, however it is not eective for estimating instantaneous rates of growth and maintenance respiration.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Stem respiration of ponderosa pines grown in contrasting climates: implications for global climate change

Carey¹,

Callaway

DeLucia³

1997

Oecologia

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We examined the effects of climate and allocation patterns on stem respiration in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) growing on identical substrate in the cool, moist Sierra Nevada mountains and the warm, dry, Great Basin Desert. These environments are representative of current climatic conditions and those predicted to accompany a doubling of atmospheric CO, respectively, throughout the range of many western north American conifers. A previous study found that trees growing in the desert allocate proportionally more biomass to sapwood and less to leaf area than montane trees. We tested the hypothesis that respiration rates of sapwood are lower in desert trees than in montane trees due to reduced stem maintenance respiration (physiological acclimation) or reduced construction cost of stem tissue (structural acclimation). Maintenance respiration per unit sapwood volume at 15°C did not differ between populations (desert: 6.39 ± 1.14 SE μmol m s, montane: 6.54 ± 1.13 SE μmol m s, P = 0.71) and declined with increasing stem diameter (P = 0.001). The temperature coefficient of respiration (Q ) varied seasonally within both environments (P = 0.05). Construction cost of stem sapwood was the same in both environments (desert: 1.46 ± 0.009 SE g glucose g sapwood, montane: 1.48 ± 0.009 SE glucose g sapwood, P = 0.14). Annual construction respiration calculated from construction cost, percent carbon and relative growth rate was greater in montane populations due to higher growth rates. These data provide no evidence of respiratory acclimation by desert trees. Estimated yearly stem maintenance respiration was greater in large desert trees than in large montane trees because of higher temperatures in the desert and because of increased allocation of biomass to sapwood. By analogy, these data suggest that under predicted increases in temperature and aridity, potential increases in aboveground carbon gain due to enhanced photosynthetic rates may be partially offset by increases in maintenance respiration in large trees growing in CO-enriched atmospheres.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Stem respiration of ponderosa pines grown in contrasting climates: implications for global climate change

Carey¹,

Callaway

DeLucia³

1997

Oecologia

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“…Growth respiration is assumed to be directly related to growth, with a fixed respiratory cost for each unit of biomass produced (Penning de Vries 1972). The magnitude of this respiratory cost is determined by the chemical composition of the tissue in question (Penning de Vries 1972;Penning de Vries et al 1974;Chung and Barnes 1977).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of nutrition on the seasonal course of needle respiration in Norway spruce stands

Stockfors

Linder

1998

Trees

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AbstractmRespiration of 1-year-old needles of 30-year-old Norway spruce trees [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] was studied in a nutrient optimisation experiment in northern Sweden. Respiration rates of detached needles, from ten control (C) and ten irrigated-fertilised (IL) trees, were measured on 16 occasions from June 1992 to June 1993. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of temperature on the seasonal course of needle maintenance respiration, and the effect of nitrogen concentration [N] and carbohydrate content on needle respiration in young Norway spruce trees subjected to long-term fertilisation. The IL treatment significantly affected needle size, in terms of dry mass and length, but not specific needle length (SNL). There was, however, a strong tree-specific effect on SNL (P510 ±9 , R 2 = 0.75). Needle starch content varied markedly with season (0±25% of total dry mass). This, unless accounted for, would cause erroneous estimates of nutrient concentrations, and of rates of needle respiration, within and between treatments. There was considerable seasonal variation in needle respiration, both in terms of maintenance respiration and temperature dependence (Q10). Q10 had its highest value (2.8) during winter and its lowest (2.0) in the middle of summer. In early autumn (August, September), respiration rate and needle [N] were significantly related (C: P = 0.001, IL: P50.0005). There was no significant difference in the slope between the two regression lines, but a difference in intercept. At the same needle [N], needles from IL-plots always had a lower respiration rate than needles from control plots. No obvious explanation for the observed difference in intercept was found, but some plausible assumptions are put forward and discussed.

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“…Coarse root production can occur independently of stem and branch production, depending the daily status of net assimilate, the current state of the labile C storage pool, and growth phenology. Tissue R C fractions are from the literature [5].…”

Section: Carbon Partitioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulated soil CO₂ efflux and net ecosystem exchange in a 70-year-old Belgian Scots pine stand using the process model SECRETS

2001

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-Within the framework of the EU ECOCRAFT (European collaboration on CO 2 responses applied to forests and trees), we developed a stand scale process model to simulate short-term carbon (C) and water fluxes from a mixed coniferous/deciduous forest in Northern Belgium (51°31' N, 4°22' E). The model, termed SECRETS, is a sequential, multi-species and multiple layer simulator that uses process modules adapted from several sources. Namely, we adapted BIOMASS (maintenance respiration and water balance), and coded the sun/shade model (photosynthesis; modified for forest species), and the GRASSLAND DYNAMICS (soil carbon and nitrogen) models. In this contribution we simulate carbon fluxes for a 70-year-old Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stand and we introduce an approach to characterize uncertainty in the model outputs. Simulated, annual gross primary productivity (GPP) for 1997 and 1998 was 1 965 and 1 888 g C m -2 , respectively. Soil respiration was 25% (495 g C m -2 a -1 ) and 27% (505 g C m -2 a -1 ) of the GPP in 1997 and 1998, respectively, in this slow growing Scots pine stand. Heterotrophic respiration (R H ) accounted for, roughly, 32% of the total soil C efflux for both years. Simulated daily fluxes for net ecosystem exchange (NEE) suggested C uptake throughout most, but not all, of the spring and summer, but net release during mid-autumn to early winter periods for both years. Our base estimates of NEE ranged from 385 g C m -2 a -1 in 1997 to 310 g C m -2 a -1 in 1998. However, the uncertainty in NEE varied from 167 to 509 g C m -2 a -1 and 138 to 392 g C m -2 a -1 in 1997 and 1998, respectively. Thus, this stand may be accumulating C at a rate of 138 to 509 g C m -2 a -1 depending on the assumed stand and site characteristics, tree physiology, and local variation in weather.net ecosystem exchange / carbon budgets / heterotrophic respiration Résumé -Utilisation du modèle mécaniste « SECRETS » pour la simulation des efflux de CO 2 du sol et de l'échange net de l'écosystème dans un peuplement belge de Pin sylvestre de 70 ans. À l'occasion du contrat européen ECOCRAFT (collaboration européenne sur les réponses du CO 2 appliquées aux forêts et aux arbres), nous avons développé, à l'échelle du peuplement, un modè-le mécaniste pour simuler les flux à court terme du carbone (C) et de l'eau pour une forêt mélangée feuillus résineux dans le Nord de la Belgique (51°31' N, 4°22' E). Le modèle, nommé SECRETS, est un simulateur séquentiel, multi-espèces et multi-couches qui utilise des modules mécanistes adaptés de différentes origines. Nommément, nous avons adapté les modèles BIOMASS (entretien de la respiration et bilan en eau), et codé le modèle soleil/ombre (photosynthèse ; modifié pour les espèces forestières), et GRASSLAND DYNAMICS (carbone et azote du sol). Dans cette contribution nous simulons les flux de carbone pour un peuplement de 70 ans de Pin sylvestre (Pinus sylvestris L.) et introduisons une approche pour caractériser les incertitudes dans les sorties du modèle. La production primaire annuelle s...

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Photosynthate allocation in Pinustaeda. I. Substrate requirements for synthesis of shoot biomass

Cited by 82 publications

References 0 publications

Stem respiration of ponderosa pines grown in contrasting climates: implications for global climate change

Stem respiration of ponderosa pines grown in contrasting climates: implications for global climate change

The effect of nutrition on the seasonal course of needle respiration in Norway spruce stands

Simulated soil CO₂ efflux and net ecosystem exchange in a 70-year-old Belgian Scots pine stand using the process model SECRETS

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Photosynthate allocation in Pinustaeda. I. Substrate requirements for synthesis of shoot biomass

Cited by 82 publications

References 0 publications

Stem respiration of ponderosa pines grown in contrasting climates: implications for global climate change

Stem respiration of ponderosa pines grown in contrasting climates: implications for global climate change

The effect of nutrition on the seasonal course of needle respiration in Norway spruce stands

Simulated soil CO2 efflux and net ecosystem exchange in a 70-year-old Belgian Scots pine stand using the process model SECRETS

Contact Info

Product

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Simulated soil CO₂ efflux and net ecosystem exchange in a 70-year-old Belgian Scots pine stand using the process model SECRETS