Photosensitivity and the quinolones

Mirensky, Yelena Michaele; Parish, Lawrence Charles

doi:10.1016/0926-9959(94)00068-b

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Many studies have shown that the mechanism of quinolone phototoxicity involves reactive oxygen species, especially singlet oxygen and superoxide anion generated by photoreaction (19–21). Ofloxacin belongs to a new generation of quinolones that are 10‐fold less phototoxic than their predecessor, nalidixic acid (22–24). Some of these newer molecules are more phototoxic than others: a hierarchy of their phototoxic risk was described in humans as: fleroxacin >> lomefloxacin, pefloxacin >> ciprofloxacin > enoxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin (25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of human reconstituted epidermis Episkin® for assessment of weak phototoxic potential of chemical compounds

Portes

Pygmalion

Popovic

et al. 2002

Photoderm Photoimm Photomed

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of human reconstituted epidermis Episkin® for assessment of weak phototoxic potential of chemical compounds

Portes

Pygmalion

Popovic

et al. 2002

Photoderm Photoimm Photomed

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“…Since the mid-1980s, several fluoroquinolones were marketed worldwide, including norfloxacin, lomefloxacin, fleroxacin, sparfloxacin, and ofloxacin ( Figure 2 ). However, the new fluoroquinolones were shown to still exhibit varying degrees of photosensitizing activity [22] .…”

Section: Photosensitization By Quinolones and Fl Uoroquinolonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fluoroquinolone photosensitivity is mainly exerted by UVA, with the exception of fleroxacin, which is most active in vitro in the UVB range [15,22] . A synergistic effect of UVB and UVA has been documented in the case of sparfloxacininduced phototoxic ear-swelling response in mice [23] .…”

Section: Photosensitization By Quinolones and Fl Uoroquinolonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug-induced phototoxicity evoked by inhibition of human ABC transporter ABCG2: development ofin vitrohigh-speed screening systems

Tamura

Hagiya

et al. 2008

Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology

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Background : Photosensitivity depends on both genetic and environmental factors. Pheophorbide a, present in various plant-derived foods and food supplements, can be absorbed by the small intestine. Accumulation of pheophorbide a and porphyrins in the systemic blood circulation can result in phototoxic lesions on light-exposed skin. Objective : As the human ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter ABCG2 has been suggested to be critically involved in porphyrin-mediated photosensitivity, we aimed to develop in vitro screening systems for drug-induced phototoxicity. Conclusion : Functional impairment owing to inhibition of ABCG2 by drugs or its genetic polymorphisms can lead to the disruption of porphyrin homeostasis. This review article provides an overview on drug-induced photosensitivity, as well as our hypothesis on a potential role of ABCG2 in phototoxicity.

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Antimicrobial Photosensitive Reactions

Vassileva¹,

Mateev²,

Parish³

1998

Arch Intern Med

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Photosensitivity reactions are recognized as unwanted adverse effects of an array of commonly administered topical or systemic medications, including nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents, antifungals, and antimicrobials. When a drug induces photosensitivity, exogenous molecules in the skin absorb normally harmless doses of visible and UV light, leading to an acute inflammatory response. In phototoxic reactions, the damage to tissues is direct; in photoallergic reactions, it is immunologically mediated. In vitro and in vivo assay systems can assist in predicting or confirming drug photosensitivity. The incidence of photosensitivity reactions may be too low to be detected in clinical studies and may become recognized only in the postmarketing stage of drug development. Some drugs have been withdrawn because of photosensitivity effects that appeared after general release. Photosensitivity reactions have been studied for a number of topical antimicrobials and for the sulfonamides, griseofulvin, the tetracyclines, and the quinolones. Incidence and intensity of drug phototoxicity can vary widely among the different compounds of a given class of antimicrobials. When phototoxic effects are relatively low in incidence, mild, reversible, and clinically manageable, the benefits of an antimicrobial drug may well outweigh the potential for adverse photosensitivity effects.

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Photosensitivity and the quinolones

Abstract: Fax+ 215 563 8332. quinolones [3,4]. In no trial so far have all the currently marketed quinolone agents been simultaneously compared to each other. 0926-9959/95/$09.50 © 1995 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved SSDI 0926-9959(94)00068-B

Cited by 7 publications

References 14 publications

Use of human reconstituted epidermis Episkin® for assessment of weak phototoxic potential of chemical compounds

Use of human reconstituted epidermis Episkin® for assessment of weak phototoxic potential of chemical compounds

Drug-induced phototoxicity evoked by inhibition of human ABC transporter ABCG2: development ofin vitrohigh-speed screening systems

Antimicrobial Photosensitive Reactions

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