Photosensitive Polyimide/Silica Hybrids

Zhu, Zhiwei; Yin, Jie; Cao, Fei; Shang, Xue; Lu, Qinghua

doi:10.1002/1521-4095(200007)12:14<1055::aid-adma1055>3.0.co;2-#

Cited by 66 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Therefore, the incorporation of a silica phase within the PI matrix may represent a good solution to overcome this problem. However, only a limited number of PI/silica materials have shown to be photopatternable [67,68]. For instance, photosensitive PI/silica hybrids were developed by Wang et al [69].…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyimide/silica hybrids via the sol-gel route: High performance materials for the new technological challenges

Ragosta¹,

Musto²

2009

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. The present review article describes in detail the state-of-the-art of organic-inorganic hybrid materials based on polyimide/silica components. The article is divided in three parts. In the first the basic processing route for the preparation of these systems is described, i.e. the sol-gel technique, along with the strategies developed to control the final morphology. In the second part the curing characteristics, the dynamic-mechanical and the mechanical and fracture properties of hybrids with different morphologies are reviewed. Finally, the more technologically relevant applications devised for these high performance materials are discussed. : nanocomposites, hybrid materials, polyimide, silica, sol-gel eXPRESS Polymer Letters Vol.3, No.7 (2009) [413][414][415][416][417][418][419][420][421][422][423][424][425][426][427][428] Available online at www.expresspolymlett.com DOI: 10.3144/expresspolymlett.2009.51 or as functional materials [14] such as catalyst supports [15] and microelectronic devices [16]. The sol-gel route represents the preferred way for the synthesis of polyimide based hybrids. The classical sol-gel process consists in a two step hydrolysis-condensation reaction, starting with a metal alkoxides M(OR) 4 , typically tetraethoxisilane Si(OCH 2 CH 3 ) 4 or titanium isopropoxide Ti[OCH(CH 3 ) 2 ] 4 , to produce hydroxyl groups followed by the polycondensation of the hydroxyl groups and residual alkoxy groups to form a three-dimensional network [5,[17][18][19][20][21]. Polyimides are particularly suited for this type of process because they can be obtained from polyamic acid precursors, which are soluble in hygroscopic solvents and can, therefore, tolerate the addition of water necessary to bring about the hydrolysis of the metal alkoxide. Moreover, the outstanding thermal stability of polyimides allows the hybrids to be post-cured at very high temperatures (300-350°C) making it possible the development of a very dense inorganic network without inducing appreciable degradation of the organic phase. Polyimide/silica hybrids made by the sol-gel technique are the subject of this review, in which the approaches used for a close control of their final morphology, the effects of the silica phase on the curing process of polyimide precursors, the dynamic-mechanical and the mechanical and fracture properties that these materials can display, and their possible applications will be presented and discussed. Keywords Processing and morphologyA typical procedure for the preparation of PI/silica hybrids via the sol-gel route, involves the following steps: i) The polyamic acid (PAA) (PI precursor) is formed by a polyaddition reaction of a dianhydride [e.g., pyromellitic anhydride (PMDA), 3,3′,4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (BPDA), or 2,2-bis(3,4-dicarboxy-phenyl)-hexafluoropropane dianhydride (6FDA)] with a diamine [e.g., 4,4′-oxydianiline (ODA), or p-phenylen diamine (PPA)] in a common solvent [e.g., dimethylacetamide (DMAc), or N-methyl pyrolidone (NMP)]. The reaction and chemical str...

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Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyimide/silica hybrids via the sol-gel route: High performance materials for the new technological challenges

Ragosta¹,

Musto²

2009

Express Polym. Lett.

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“…As for PI/inorganic composite, the inorganic component is incorporated into the organic resin matrix and displays some particular characteristics. PI/inorganic composite materials have combined the special structure of inorganic component and excellent properties of PI and have become a type of promising materials focused on various applications [27][28][29]. In the past years, a number of researches have been carried out on the preparation and characterization of homogeneous polyimide-silica composite materials [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ preparation and characterization of polyimide/silica composite hemispheres by inverse aqueous emulsion technique and sol-gel method

Ma¹,

Yang²,

He³

et al. 2015

Colloid Polym Sci

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In this paper, micron-scale polyimide/nano-silica (PI/nano-SiO 2 ) composite hemispheres were fabricated by employing inverse aqueous emulsion technique and sol-gel method. Homogeneous inverse emulsion was obtained through using the precursor solution as dispersed phase which contained poly(amic acid) ammonium salt (PAAS), tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and deionized water, liquid paraffin (LP) as continuous phase, and Span80 as surfactant. The PI/SiO 2 hybrid hemispheres could be got by adding excess dehydrating agent into the emulsion. The Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) results demonstrated that PAAS had been converted to polyimide (PI) after adding the dehydrating agent into the emulsion and that the success of the reaction between TEOS molecules. The research showed that the morphologies of PI/SiO 2 hybrid hemispheres, compared with the pure PI hemispheres, were still hemispherical and did not change with the varied silica contents. The surfaces of these samples were without clear interface between the SiO 2 particles and the polymer matrix. And, the SEM images of the hybrid hemispheres after hydrofluoric acid (HF) etching or high temperature calcination showed that the SiO 2 particles were well dispersed in the organic component, and the diameter of silica particles was nano-scale. The EDX results of the spheres which were after etching in hydrofluoric acid solution or after calcination showed that some 99.98 % of the silica particles were removed and the success of the removal of the organic component, respectively. Furthermore, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) results showed that the thermal stability of PI hemispheres could be improved by incorporating the inorganic component.

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“…Photodefinable nanocomposites (PDNCs), which are nano-scale composites of photodefinable polymer with nanoparticles, are used to improve mechanical, thermal, and optical properties of photodefinable polymers by choosing different kinds of nano-fillers [1][2][3][4]. There are three methods to prepare PDNCs, that is, sol-gel method, intercalation method, and the method of direct dispersion of nanoparticles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Monomer Sequence of Binder Polymers for Lithographic Property of Photodefinable Nanocomposites

Murakami

2014

J. Photopol. Sci. Technol.

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The relationship of binder polymer compositions and lithographic properties was examined and following conclusions were obtained; (1) The alternating sequence of binder polymer is preferable to the nanocomposite of excellent transparency. (2) The moiety of methacrylic acid is necessary to be 50% or more for the residue-free patterning. (3) Photo-definable nanocomposite composed of alternating copolymer and nano titania gives a patternable nanocomposite with high refractive index.

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Photosensitive Polyimide/Silica Hybrids

Cited by 66 publications

References 26 publications

Polyimide/silica hybrids via the sol-gel route: High performance materials for the new technological challenges

Polyimide/silica hybrids via the sol-gel route: High performance materials for the new technological challenges

In situ preparation and characterization of polyimide/silica composite hemispheres by inverse aqueous emulsion technique and sol-gel method

Influence of Monomer Sequence of Binder Polymers for Lithographic Property of Photodefinable Nanocomposites

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