Photoresponsive Passive Micromixers Based on Spiropyran Size‐Tunable Hydrogels

Schiphorst, Jeroen ter; Melpignano, Giuseppe G.; Amirabadi, Hossein Eslami; Houben, Menno; Bakker, Saskia; Toonder, Jaap M.J. den; Schenning, Albertus P. H. J.

doi:10.1002/marc.201700086

Cited by 31 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…SPs were also incorporated into polymer‐based hydrogels, resulting in size‐tunable materials that can be applied, for example, in light‐triggered mixing elements for microfluidic devices …”

Section: Photoresponsive Materials and Nanostructuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Implementations of Molecular Photoswitches into Smart Materials and Biological Systems

Pianowski

2019

Chemistry A European J

273

226

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Light is a nearly ideal stimulus for molecular systems. It delivers information encoded in the form of wavelengths and their intensities with high precision in space and time. Light is a mild trigger that does not permanently contaminate targeted samples. Its energy can be reversibly transformed into molecular motion, polarity, or flexibility changes. This leads to sophisticated functions at the supramolecular and macroscopic levels, from light‐triggered nanomaterials to photocontrol over biological systems. New methods and molecular adapters of light are reported almost daily. Recently reported applications of photoresponsive systems, particularly azobenzenes, spiropyrans, diarylethenes, and indigoids, for smart materials and photocontrol of biological setups are described herein with the aim to demonstrate that the 21st century has become the Age of Enlightenment—“Le siècle des Lumières”—in molecular sciences.

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Section: Photoresponsive Materials and Nanostructuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Implementations of Molecular Photoswitches into Smart Materials and Biological Systems

Pianowski

2019

Chemistry A European J

273

226

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“…The main investigated application of pNIPAAm–spiropyran gels were made in the field of microfluidics. ,− An interesting example has been reported by Sumaru and coworkers . The authors created on-demand microchannels on a microfluidic device by irradiating it with a micropatterned light beam (λ = 436 nm), causing the localized gel shrinkage (Figure ).…”

Section: Motion From Photochromic Molecular Switchesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Collective Motions from Synthetic Molecular Switches, Rotors, and Motors

et al. 2019

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Precise control over molecular movement is of fundamental and practical importance in physics, biology, and chemistry. At nanoscale, the peculiar functioning principles and the synthesis of individual molecular actuators and machines has been the subject of intense investigations and debates over the past 60 years. In this review, we focus on the design of collective motions that are achieved by integrating, in space and time, several or many of these individual mechanical units together. In particular, we provide an in-depth look at the intermolecular couplings used to physically connect a number of artificial mechanically active molecular units such as photochromic molecular switches, nanomachines based on mechanical bonds, molecular rotors, and light-powered rotary motors. We highlight the various functioning principles that can lead to their collective motion at various length scales. We also emphasize how their synchronized, or desynchronized, mechanical behavior can lead to emerging functional properties and to their implementation into new active devices and materials.

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“…1) The applications in smart robots include crawling robots, [31,97,202,[232][233][234]210,235,236] swimming robots, [237][238][239] smart grippers, [125,201,212,[240][241][242] smart wearable systems. [27,52,168,243] 2) The applications in miniaturized systems include micro actuators, [166,197,[244][245][246][247][248][249] soft pumps, [250][251][252] artificial muscles, [208,204,[253][254][255] microfluidics, [28,99,256] superhydrophobic surfaces, [257] smart sensors and electronic components, [10,53,173,258,259] super-capacitors,…”

Section: Practical Applications Of Active Mechanical Metamaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Active Mechanical Metamaterials and Construction Principles

et al. 2021

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Active mechanical metamaterials (AMMs) (or smart mechanical metamaterials) that combine the configurations of mechanical metamaterials and the active control of stimuli-responsive materials have been widely investigated in recent decades. The elaborate artificial microstructures of mechanical metamaterials and the stimulus response characteristics of smart materials both contribute to AMMs, making them achieve excellent properties beyond the conventional metamaterials. The micro and macro structures of the AMMs are designed based on structural construction principles such as, phase transition, strain mismatch, and mechanical instability. Considering the controllability and efficiency of the stimuli-responsive materials, physical fields such as, the temperature, chemicals, light, electric current, magnetic field, and pressure have been adopted as the external stimuli in practice. In this paper, the frontier works and the latest progress in AMMs from the aspects of the mechanics and materials are reviewed. The functions and engineering applications of the AMMs are also discussed. Finally, existing issues and future perspectives in this field are briefly described. This review is expected to provide the basis and inspiration for the follow-up research on AMMs.

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Photoresponsive Passive Micromixers Based on Spiropyran Size‐Tunable Hydrogels

Cited by 31 publications

References 54 publications

Recent Implementations of Molecular Photoswitches into Smart Materials and Biological Systems

Recent Implementations of Molecular Photoswitches into Smart Materials and Biological Systems

Design of Collective Motions from Synthetic Molecular Switches, Rotors, and Motors

Recent Progress in Active Mechanical Metamaterials and Construction Principles

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