Photoresponsive Cellulose Nanocrystals

Filpponen, Ilari; Sadeghifar, Hasan; Argyropoulos, Dimitris S.

doi:10.5772/50949

Cited by 34 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…(1), Reaction 3 exhibits the highest DS value: 0.12. Despite not being very high, this value is close to those reported in the literature for reactions in which amino groups are introduced into the nanocellulose chain [29,30]. For instance, the nitrogen content found in the functionalization reaction of cellulose nanocrystals with propargylamine was 0.79% [29].…”

Section: Elementary Analysis Results For Several Times Of Reaction Besupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Despite not being very high, this value is close to those reported in the literature for reactions in which amino groups are introduced into the nanocellulose chain [29,30]. For instance, the nitrogen content found in the functionalization reaction of cellulose nanocrystals with propargylamine was 0.79% [29]. Another study involving nanocellulose amination with 2-hydroxy-3-chloro-propylamine yielded a nitrogen content of 0.9% and a degree of substitution of 0.11 [30].…”

Section: Elementary Analysis Results For Several Times Of Reaction Besupporting

confidence: 84%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Electrochemical Behavior of Cellulose Nanofibrils Functionalized with Dicyanovinyl Groups

Pereira¹,

Gallina²,

Pereira-da-Silva³

et al. 2021

Nanofibers - Synthesis, Properties and Applications

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Cellulose is considered one of the most important renewable sources of biopolymers on Earth. It has attracted widespread attention due to its physical–chemical characteristics, such as biocompatibility, low toxicity, biodegradability, low density, high strength, stability in organic solvents, in addition to having hydroxyl groups, which enable its chemical modification. In this study, cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) were functionalized with dicyanovinyl groups through nucleophilic vinylic substitution (SNV) and used as electrocatalyst in electrochemical of carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction. Results indicate that introducing dicyanovinyl groups into the structure of nanocellulose increases electrocatalytic activity as compared to that of pure nanocellulose, shifting the onset potential of the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction to more positive values as compared to those for the reaction with argon. The atomic force microscopy (AFM) images show no changes in the morphology of CNFs after chemical modification.

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Section: Elementary Analysis Results For Several Times Of Reaction Besupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Elementary Analysis Results For Several Times Of Reaction Besupporting

confidence: 84%

Electrochemical Behavior of Cellulose Nanofibrils Functionalized with Dicyanovinyl Groups

Pereira¹,

Gallina²,

Pereira-da-Silva³

et al. 2021

Nanofibers - Synthesis, Properties and Applications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The carboxylation of CNMs through TEMPO-mediated oxidation of surface hydroxyl groups is a widespread functionalization pathway that can easily be investigated by FTIR from the appearance of the carbonyl band around 1730 cm -1 , whose intensity can be used to estimate the degree of oxidation. 252,253 However, acidification of the medium with dilute HCl before analysis is a prerequisite for the observation of this band since the carboxylate form superimposes with the band of adsorbed water molecules at around 1650 cm -1 . The introduced carboxyl groups were further successfully used in several studies to perform amidation (peptidic coupling) reactions with amino-functionalized moieties in order to graft, e.g., polyethylene glycol chains, DNA oligonucleotides or thermosensitive polymers onto CNMs.…”

Section: Band Assignment and Spectrum Analysis General Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current characterization methods for cellulose nanomaterials

et al. 2018

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A new family of materials comprised of cellulose, cellulose nanomaterials (CNMs), having properties and functionalities distinct from molecular cellulose and wood pulp, is being developed for applications that were once thought impossible for cellulosic materials. Commercialization, paralleled by research in this field, is fueled by the unique combination of characteristics, such as high on-axis stiffness, sustainability, scalability, and mechanical reinforcement of a wide variety of materials, leading to their utility across a broad spectrum of high-performance material applications. However, with this exponential growth in interest/activity, the development of measurement protocols necessary for consistent, reliable and accurate materials characterization has been outpaced. These protocols, developed in the broader research community, are critical for the advancement in understanding, process optimization, and utilization of CNMs in materials development. This review establishes detailed best practices, methods and techniques for characterizing CNM particle morphology, surface chemistry, surface charge, purity, crystallinity, rheological properties, mechanical properties, and toxicity for two distinct forms of CNMs: cellulose nanocrystals and cellulose nanofibrils.

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“…Amongst mineral acids, the application of phosphoric acid allowed for the production of nanocrystalline cellulose with higher thermal stability in comparison to sulphuric acid hydrolysis [4,11]. Other approaches employed in cellulose hydrolysis included, for example, application of hydrochloric acid [12,13], a mixture of acetic and nitric acid [14], and formic or hydrobromic acid [15,16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Modification of Cellulose Nanocrystals with Succinic Anhydride

et al. 2019

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The surface modification of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) is a key intermediate step in the development of new functionalities and the tailoring of nanomaterial properties for specific applications. In the area of polymeric nanocomposites, apart from good interfacial adhesion, the high thermal stability of cellulose nanomaterial is vitally required for the stable processing and improvement of material properties. In this respect, the heterogeneous esterification of CNC with succinic anhydride was investigated in this work in order to obtain CNC with optimised surface and thermal properties. The influence of reaction parameters, such as time, temperature, and molar ratio of reagents, on the structure, morphology and thermal properties, were systematically studied over a wide range of values by DLS, FTIR, XPS, WAXD, SEM and TGA methods. It was found that the degree of surface substitution of CNC increased with the molar ratio of succinic anhydride to cellulose hydroxyl groups (SA:OH), as well as the reaction time, whilst the temperature of reaction showed a moderate effect on the degree of esterification in the range of 70–110 °C. The studies on the thermal stability of modified nanoparticles indicated that there is a critical extent of surface esterification below which only a slight decrease of the initial temperature of degradation was observed in pyrolytic and oxidative atmospheres. A significant reduction of CNC thermal stability was observed only for the longest reaction time (240 min) and the highest molar ratio of SA:OH. This illustrates the possibility of manufacturing thermally stable, succinylated, CNC by controlling the reaction conditions and the degree of esterification.

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Photoresponsive Cellulose Nanocrystals

Cited by 34 publications

References 43 publications

Electrochemical Behavior of Cellulose Nanofibrils Functionalized with Dicyanovinyl Groups

Electrochemical Behavior of Cellulose Nanofibrils Functionalized with Dicyanovinyl Groups

Current characterization methods for cellulose nanomaterials

Surface Modification of Cellulose Nanocrystals with Succinic Anhydride

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