Photorefractive duplex two-wave mixing and all-optical deflection switch

Honma, Sato; Okamoto, Atsushi; Takayama, Yoshihisa

doi:10.1364/josab.18.000974

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Light deflection and modulation via the photorefractive effect has been demonstrated in the past by different techniques, most of which rely on dynamic holography [5,6,7,8,9]. Variable light deflection was obtained by isotropic [5] or anisotropic diffraction [6] at a photorefractive Bragg grating tuned by a change of the recording wavelength.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A photorefractive all-optical deflection switch was proposed in Ref. [9] by simultaneous interference of two pairs of waves and control of their relative phases (duplex two-wave mixing). Non-holographic beam deflection was demonstrated in He + -implanted strontium barium niobate planar waveguides through the influence of a self-focused pump beam on a weaker probe beam [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Light deflection and modulation through dynamic evolution of photoinduced waveguides

Montemezzani¹,

Gorram²,

Fressengeas³

et al. 2008

Opt. Express

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Light induced waveguides produced by lateral illumination of a photorefractive crystal show a complex dynamic evolution upon removal of the sustaining applied electric field. Using this effect, deflection and modulation of the guided light is realized by taking advantage of the screening and counter-screening of the space charge distribution. The spot separation upon deflection can exceed 10 times the original waveguide width. Numerical simulations of the refractive index evolution and beam propagation show a good agreement with the observations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light deflection and modulation through dynamic evolution of photoinduced waveguides

Montemezzani¹,

Gorram²,

Fressengeas³

et al. 2008

Opt. Express

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“…Photorefractive (PR) effect is known well as one of the highest nonlinear optical effect and a promising technique to realize all-optical switches and filters controllable by relative low beam power [3][4][5]. In recent years, many researchers have been studying about fabrication of photorefractive waveguides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tunable optical filter for wavelength division multiplexing using photorefractive planar waveguide

et al. 2007

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In this paper, we propose a tunable optical filter using a photorefractive planar waveguide. The index grating generated by the control beam drops off a part of wavelength components in the wavelength division multiplexed signal beam. It make possible to select the wavelength components of the signal beam by optically adjusting the wave vector of the grating. The photorefractive effect is one of the most efficient nonlinear effects, and therefore the signal beam can be controlled by the relative low beam power. The proposed optical filter can be applied to an active add-drop module when the signal beam is fed back to the module as a control beam. Therefore, it contribute to development of the all-optical network systems. It is also able to apply to photonic label processing technology by multiplexing the index gratings. We investigated the signal beam propagation and the permittivity distribution in the photorefractive waveguide by using a finite dimensional beam propagation method (FD-BPM) and analyzed the filtering property. Considering the two optical setups using the transmission and reflection grating, we compared these performances.

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“…The reason is that the photorefractive material has high diffraction efficiency, rapid responding time and reconfigurable property. Based on photorefractive effect, many fabricating schemes have been proposed [1][2][3][4][5].In a former paper[6], we have proposed an electric-field controlled 2×2 bypass-exchange switch. In that paper, we consider only the electro-optic effect when applying a field, but did not consider the piezoelectric effect.…”

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confidence: 99%

Theory of a 2×2 switch based on electro-optic and piezoelectric effects in photorefractive LiNbO 3 crystal

Yan

2006

SPIE Proceedings

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Based on the electro-optic and piezoelectric effects, principle of a 2×2 bypass-exchange switch in photorefractive LiNbO 3 crystal is discussed. In photorefractive volume grating, the Bragg condition can be deviated by applying a specific field during readout. That is, by applying a specific field E s or zero field, the diffraction efficiency will be 0 or 1, and this property can be used to realize the exchange or bypass operation of the switch. In this paper, on considering both the piezoelectric and the electro-optic effects caused by the applied electric field, we analyzed relations of both the specific field and the incident intensity ratio with respect to the writing angles and polarizations of writing beams.Keywords: bypass-exchange switch, electro-optic effect, piezoelectric effect, diffraction efficiency, Bragg condition 1． INTRODUCTIONComparing to the mechanical switch, the optical switch has the properties of broadband, high signal to noise ratio (SNR), rapid switching time, and the ability to provide noncrosstalk and high density interconnect. Among the fabrication schemes of optical switches, those based on photorefractive hologram are most attractive. The reason is that the photorefractive material has high diffraction efficiency, rapid responding time and reconfigurable property. Based on photorefractive effect, many fabricating schemes have been proposed [1][2][3][4][5].In a former paper[6], we have proposed an electric-field controlled 2×2 bypass-exchange switch. In that paper, we consider only the electro-optic effect when applying a field, but did not consider the piezoelectric effect. It is valid in some conditions (see discussion in section 4), but for others, it is not. In this paper, we will consider both the electro-optic and piezoelectric effects to realize the same switch. This paper has four sections. Introduction is section 1; Section 2 will introduce the theory of the switch; Section 3 discusses the piezoelectric and electro-optic effects of photorefractive crystal when applying a field to the crystal; In section 4 we will compare the Bragg angle deviation caused by piezoelectric effect and electro-optic effect.

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Photorefractive duplex two-wave mixing and all-optical deflection switch

Cited by 15 publications

References 9 publications

Light deflection and modulation through dynamic evolution of photoinduced waveguides

Light deflection and modulation through dynamic evolution of photoinduced waveguides

Tunable optical filter for wavelength division multiplexing using photorefractive planar waveguide

Theory of a 2×2 switch based on electro-optic and piezoelectric effects in photorefractive LiNbO 3 crystal

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