Photoreduction of metal nanostructures on periodically proton exchanged MgO-doped lithium niobate crystals

Abstract

Local reactivity on periodically proton exchanged lithium niobate (PPE:LN) surfaces is a promising route for the fabrication of regularly spaced nanostructures. Here, using MgO-doped PPE:LN templates, we investigate the influence of the doping on the nanostructure formation as a function of the proton exchange (PE) depth. The deposition is found to occur preferentially along the boundary between MgO-doped LN and the PE region when the PE depth is at least 1.73 μm, however, for shallower depths, deposition occurs across the entire PE region. The results are found to be consistent with an increased photoconductivity of the MgO-doped LN.

Nanoscale characterization of β-phase HxLi1−xNbO3 layers by piezoresponse force microscopy

“…From the data on Fig. 3 26,42 or to an enhanced ionic response and possibly capacitive effects associated to the MgO-doping (resulting in different values of S 0 and a in Eq. (3) for LN and MgO-LN).…”

“…The latter substrates are attracting a growing interest in both traditional and emerging applications of LiNbO 3 , i.e., in nonlinear integrated optics and ferroelectric lithography. 25,26 …”

Thickness, humidity, and polarization dependent ferroelectric switching and conductivity in Mg doped lithium niobate

“…[5][6][7][8][9][10] Due to its good nonlinear optical properties and high resistance to photorefraction, 11,12 highly Mg doped LN (Mg:LN) has gained significant interest for applications in optics as quasi phase matched devices. [13][14][15] Ferroelectric properties of LN change upon Mg doping and in numerous poling experiments 13,[15][16][17] lower coercive fields and longer stabilization times for freshly poled domains 15,18,19 have been observed, as well as unidirectional high conductivity states 15,19 that were ascribed to charged domain walls.…”

Anomalous Photodeposition of Ag on Ferroelectric Surfaces with Below‐Bandgap Excitation

“…These include nanowire-based structures, [1][2][3][4][5] metallic nanostructures for sensing, electronic or photonics applications [6][7][8][9] as well as polar surfaces for the local control of reactivity. To this end, ferroelectric materials offer unique advantages in their ability to react selectively with fl uid environments based on their (easily controlled) domain polarization state [ 11,[14][15][16][17] or potential across a domain wall. To this end, ferroelectric materials offer unique advantages in their ability to react selectively with fl uid environments based on their (easily controlled) domain polarization state [ 11,[14][15][16][17] or potential across a domain wall.…”