Photoprotective Mechanism of Fucoxanthin in Ultraviolet B Irradiation-Induced Retinal Müller Cells Based on Lipidomics Analysis

Abstract

Long-term exposure to sunlight and/or blue light causes vision damage to people of all ages. Dietary pigments and polyphenols have been shown to have photoprotective potential for eyes; however, many unknowns regarding the protective mechanism remain. In this study, we used ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation-induced retinal Müller cells (RMCs) to screen for dietary polyphenols and pigment compounds with effective photoprotective activity. Fucoxanthin (FX) was shown to have the best therapeutic effect, and the mechanism was evaluated via lipidomics analysis. Both intra- and extracellular ROS, mitochondrial depolarization, and DNA damage induced by UVB irradiation were inhibited by FX. Meanwhile, FX modulated the MAPK signaling pathway, which is correlated with apoptosis and inflammation. Our lipidomics data revealed that FX regulated lipid metabolism disorder and protected the membrane structure. These results confirm the effective photoprotective effects of FX, which may lead to new insights into FX-functionalized photoprotective foods.

Nanoencapsulation Motivates the High Inhibitive Ability of Fucoxanthin on H2O2-Induced Human Hepatocyte Cell Line (L02) Apoptosis via Regulating Lipid Metabolism Homeostasis

“…The FAs generated during phospholipid degradation additionally serve as building blocks for TG synthesis. The accumulation of FAs and TG could induce cell inflammation and apoptosis . However, free- or encapsulated-FX treatment decreased the abundance of FAs, which in turn decreased the synthesis and accumulation of TG, as illustrated in Figure .…”

“…The accumulation of FAs and TG could induce cell inflammation and apoptosis. 8 However, free-or encapsulated-FX treatment decreased the abundance of FAs, which in turn decreased the synthesis and accumulation of TG, as illustrated in Figure 3. This phenomenon further confirmed the antioxidant capacity of FX.…”

“…Cell viability was determined using the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) method. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were determined according to a previous method using DCFH-DA as a fluorescent probe. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) levels were determined by a previous method using rhodamine 123 as a fluorescent probe.…”

“…Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) levels were determined by a previous method using rhodamine 123 as a fluorescent probe. Apoptosis levels were determined using a previous method using Hoechst 33342 as a fluorescent probe.…”

“…Fucoxanthin (FX) from marine algae is of special interest due to its intrinsic antioxidant ability to intervene in a variety of chronic diseases. − Similar to other carotenoids, FX can be absorbed and utilized by the human body through oral administration into the digestive tract, as a single oral dose or as a daily dietary supplement . But due to its highly unsaturated conjugated double bond, allene, and epoxide structure, it has poor water solubility, strong light sensitivity, and gastric acid degradation that are not conducive to processing into dietary food for oral administration, , which limits its application in the food industry.…”